Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm arsenic thiab cyanide yog tias arsenic yog cov tshuaj lom tshuaj lom neeg uas tshwm sim raws li cov khoom siv metalloid, whereas cyanide yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj lom tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov cyanide ua haujlwm.
Arsenic yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj tus lej atomic 33 thiab cov cim tshuaj As. Cyanide yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw uas muaj cyano (C≡N) pawg.
Arsenic yog dab tsi?
Arsenic tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj tus lej atomic 33 thiab cov cim tshuaj As. Cov tshuaj no tshwm sim raws li grey-xim metalloid. Ntxiv mus, arsenic ib txwm tshwm sim hauv cov zaub mov sib txawv; e.g. ua ke nrog lwm cov khoom xws li sulfur thiab hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tuaj yeem pom arsenic li cov khoom siv lead ua ntshiab thiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau ntau yam sib txawv ntawm arsenic, tab sis cov isotope nrog cov xim hlau zoo li feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev lag luam. Arsenic tshwm sim hauv cov xwm txheej raws li monoisotopic metalloid. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias nws muaj ib qho isotope ruaj khov.
Tshuaj lom Arsenic
Ntxiv rau, arsenic yog p-block keeb. Nws nyob hauv pawg 15 thiab lub sijhawm 4 ntawm lub sijhawm teem sijhawm. Cov txheej txheem electron ntawm no metalloid yog [Ar]3d104s24p3. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no metalloid yog nyob rau hauv ib tug solid-state ntawm chav tsev kub. Thaum cua sov, nws tuaj yeem raug sublimation.
Muaj peb hom allotropic ntawm arsenic: grey, daj, thiab dub arsenic. Daim ntawv tshaj plaws thiab muaj txiaj ntsig yog grey arsenic. Cov qauv siv lead ua ntawm arsenic yog rhombohedral. Thaum xav txog nws cov khoom sib nqus, arsenic yog diamagnetic. Grey arsenic yog cov khoom siv nkig vim yog cov tshuaj tsis muaj zog ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm allotrope.
Cyanide yog dab tsi?
Cyanide tuaj yeem raug cais raws li cov tshuaj sib xyaw uas muaj cyano (C≡N) pawg. Cov pab pawg cyano muaj cov pa roj carbon atom thiab nitrogen atom, uas txuas nrog peb daim ntawv cog lus. Yog li, lo lus cyanide yuav xa mus rau ib qho organic lossis inorganic compound uas muaj ib pawg cyano. Hauv qhov sib piv, lo lus nitrile yog hais txog cov organic compound uas muaj pawg cyano.
Feem ntau, hauv inorganic cyanides, pawg cyano tam sim no yog anion; Piv txwv li, sodium cyanide thiab potassium cyanide. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cyanide no muaj tshuaj lom heev. Hydrogen cyanide los yog HCN yog ib yam khoom uas tsis muaj zog thiab muaj kuab lom heev. Hauv nitriles, pawg cyano txuas nrog covalent daim ntawv cog lus rau tus so ntawm cov molecule (tsis yog ion). Ib qho piv txwv zoo yuav yog acetonitrile.
Ntxiv mus, cyanide yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov kab mob, fungi, thiab algae hom. Cyanide kuj yog ib feem ntawm ntau cov nroj tsuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tebchaw no tsim los ua cov khoom sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj oxygen.
Thaum xav txog kev siv cov cyanides, cov tshuaj no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev khawb nyiaj thiab kub vim tias cyanides pab kom yaj cov hlau no. Tsis tas li ntawd, cyanide tseem ceeb ua ntej rau cov txheej txheem organic synthesis, xws li kev tsim cov nylon. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov ntawv thov ntawm cyanide hauv kev siv tshuaj thiab tshuaj tua kab.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Arsenic thiab Cyanide?
- Ob leeg yog tshuaj lom / tshuaj lom heev.
- Arsenic rivals cyanide nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si kev tuag thiab infamy.
Qhov txawv ntawm Arsenic thiab Cyanide yog dab tsi?
Ob leeg arsenic thiab cyanide yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm arsenic thiab cyanide yog tias arsenic yog cov tshuaj lom tshuaj lom neeg uas tshwm sim raws li cov hlau, whereas cyanide yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj lom tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov cyanide ua haujlwm.
Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm arsenic thiab cyanide hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Arsenic vs Cyanide
Arsenic yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj tus lej atomic 33 thiab cov cim tshuaj As. Cyanide yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw uas muaj cyano (C≡N) pawg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm arsenic thiab cyanide yog tias arsenic yog cov tshuaj lom tshuaj lom neeg uas tshwm sim raws li metalloid, whereas cyanide yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj lom tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm cyanide.
