Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov Sib Txawv - Tus Txheej Txheem vs Cov Lus Qhia
Signifier thiab signified yog ob lo lus uas feem ntau siv hauv semiotics. Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure yog ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm semiotics. Raws li Saussure txoj kev xav ntawm cov cim qhia, cov cim qhia thiab cov cim qhia ua ke ntawm cov cim. Ib qho kev kos npe yog tsim los ntawm ob qho tib si cov khoom siv thiab lub tswv yim ntawm lub hlwb. Tus cim yog cov khoom siv, piv txwv li, ib yam dab tsi uas tuaj yeem hnov, pom, hnov tsw, kov lossis saj, whereas lub cim yog lub tswv yim ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws cuam tshuam nrog nws. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus cim thiab cov cim.
Tus Sau Npe yog dab tsi?
Tag nrho cov paib muaj tus cim thiab kos npe. Tus cwj pwm yog cov khoom siv ntawm daim paib. Qhov no yog lub ntsiab lus uas peb tuaj yeem pom, hnov, saj, kov lossis tsw. Hauv lwm lo lus, qhov no yog daim ntawv lub cev ntawm lub cim. Piv txwv li, xav txog tus chij liab uas siv los qhia txog kev phom sij. Tus chij liab nws tus kheej tuaj yeem piav qhia ua tus cim.
Txawm tias peb ib txwm koom nrog lub ntsiab lus kos npe nrog cov paib txoj kev lossis cov paib ceeb toom, hauv semiotics, cov paib tuaj yeem xa mus rau qee yam uas tuaj yeem txhais tau tias muaj lub ntsiab lus, uas yog lwm yam tsis yog nws tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, txhua chav tsev ntawm cov lus tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog cov cim qhia txij li lawv tau siv los xaiv cov khoom lossis cov xwm txheej ntawm kev muaj tiag. Cov lus peb hais thiab sau tuaj yeem hu ua tus cim vim lawv yog cov khoom siv kos npe. Txawm li cas los xij, tus cim tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim yam tsis muaj qhov cim. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov paib hauv qab no tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb cuam tshuam nrog lawv, tsis muaj kev siv hauv cov paib no; lawv tsuas yog cov duab tsis muaj qab hau xwb.
Daim duab 1: Tus cim yog daim ntawv lub cev ntawm Daim Ntawv Qhia.
Dab tsi yog qhov cim?
Signified yog lub tswv yim ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws cuam tshuam nrog kos npe. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nws yog lub tswvyim, lub ntsiab lus los yog yam uas txuam nrog lub signified. Yog tias peb saib cov piv txwv ntawm kev hais lus, lo lus "Tau" (hauv kev hais txog qhov qhib thiab kaw cov paib qhia nyob rau ntawm lub khw), cov cim muaj, Signifier: lo lus "Tau"
Signified Concept: Lub khw raug kaw rau kev lag luam.
Daim duab 2: Kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus neeg kos npe thiab kos npe
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus neeg kos npe thiab kos npe yog dab tsi?
Ib daim paib yuav tsum muaj ob qho tib si kos npe thiab kos npe. Saussure hu ua kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus cim thiab kos npe ua 'signification'. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tib lub cim tuaj yeem siv rau cov ntsiab lus sib txawv. Qhov no yog vim hais tias kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus signifier thiab tus signified yog tej zaum arbitrary. Piv txwv li, lo lus (signifier) mob muaj lub ntsiab lus mob, kev mob siab lossis tsis xis nyob, tab sis hauv Fab Kis, nws yog hais txog lub khob cij. Cov paib tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg raws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus neeg kos npe thiab tus cim.
Type of Signs
Iconic Signs
Tus cim thiab tus cim dais lub cev zoo ib yam, piv txwv li, tus cim zoo li qhov nws sawv cev rau. Piv txwv li, ib daim duab ntawm tsob ntoo sawv rau lub tswv yim ntawm tsob ntoo.
Indexical Signs
Tus neeg txhais lus muaj qee qhov cuam tshuam rau tus cim. Nws yog nyob rau hauv qee txoj kev txuas ncaj qha rau lub tswv yim. Piv txwv li, cov duab ntawm cov pa luam yeeb yuav sawv cev rau hluav taws.
Symbolic Signs
Tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus cim thiab tus cim. Qhov kev sib txuas no yog kawm txog kab lis kev cai. Piv txwv li, qhov tseeb tias lub cim ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig muaj feem xyuam rau cov ntseeg Vajtswv yog kev coj noj coj ua vim ob lub ntsiab lus tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Cov Ntawv Qhia thiab Cov Lus Qhia?
Signifier vs Signified |
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| Tus Sau Npe yog daim ntawv kos npe ntawm lub cev. | Signified yog lub ntsiab lus lossis lub tswv yim qhia los ntawm kos npe. |
| Examples | |
| Tus cim tuaj yeem yog lo lus sau, suab, duab, thiab lwm yam. | Signified is a concept, object or idea. |
| kev sib raug zoo | |
| Ib lub cim tsis tuaj yeem nyob tsis muaj tus cim. | Tus cim tsis muaj lub cim yog suab nrov (ua lus hais). |
Summary – Signifier vs Signified
Cov cim yog tsim los ntawm ob qho tib si kos npe thiab kos npe. Kos npe yog kos npe rau lub cev lossis cov khoom siv thaum kos npe yog lub ntsiab lus qhia los ntawm kos npe. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus neeg kos npe thiab kos npe yog arbitrary vim ntau tus neeg kos npe tuaj yeem siv los qhia tib lub ntsiab lus kos npe.
