Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cyclins thiab cyclin dependent kinases yog tias cyclins yog cov protein tswj uas tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm enzymatic hauv lub voj voog ntawm tes, thaum cyclin-dependent kinases yog catalytic proteins uas muaj kev ua haujlwm enzymatic hauv lub voj voog ntawm tes.
Lub voj voog ntawm tes yog qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb uas tshwm sim hauv lub xov tooj. Nws yog ib tug series ntawm cov xwm txheej uas ua rau lub cell faib mus rau hauv ob tug ntxhais hlwb. Lub voj voog ntawm eukaryotic cell muaj plaub theem sib txawv: G1, S, G2, thiab M. G1, S, thiab G2 yog cov npe hu ua interphase. Hauv G1, lub xov tooj ntawm tes txuas ntxiv mus. DNA replication tshwm sim nyob rau hauv theem S. Nyob rau theem G2, cov hlwb yuav txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv. Thaum kawg, nyob rau theem M, kev faib tawm ntawm tes pib. Ntxiv mus, ob txoj cai molecules hu ua cyclins thiab cyclin-dependent kinases koom rau hauv kev loj hlob ntawm tes los ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes. Yog li ntawd, cyclins thiab cyclin dependent kinases yog ob chav kawm tseem ceeb ntawm cov proteins uas koom nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm tes.
Cyclins yog dab tsi?
Cyclins yog cov chav kawm tseem ceeb ntawm cov protein tswj kev koom tes hauv lub voj voog ntawm tes. Lawv tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm enzymatic. Ntau ntawm cov noob uas encode cyclins tau khaws cia ntawm txhua hom eukaryotic. H. L Hartwell, RT Hunt, thiab P. M Nurse yeej qhov khoom plig Nobel xyoo 2001 rau lawv qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cyclins thiab cyclin dependent kinases. Txawm li cas los xij, cyclins tau xub pom nyob rau xyoo 1982 los ntawm R. Timothy Hunt thaum kawm txog lub voj voog ntawm lub hiav txwv urchins.
Daim duab 01: Lub voj voog ntawm tes nrog Cyclins
Cyclins tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm catalytic. Thaum nws raug khi rau cyclin dependent kinases, nws tsim ib qho kev hu ua maturation promoting factor. Qhov no complex activates lwm cov proteins los ntawm phosphorylation. Cov phosphorylated proteins no yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm lub voj voog ntawm tes, xws li microtubule tsim thiab chromatin remodelling. Tag nrho cov xwm txheej no pab lub xov tooj ntawm tes kom nce mus txog lub voj voog ntawm tes. Raws li tus cwj pwm ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes, cov cyclins tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub chav kawm: G1 cyclins, G1 / S cyclins, S cyclins thiab M cyclins.
Cyclin Dependent Kinases yog dab tsi?
Cyclin dependent kinases yog ib chav kawm ntawm catalytic protein kinases uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub voj voog ntawm tes. Lawv kuj koom nrog hauv kev tswj hwm kev hloov pauv, kev ua mRNA, thiab kev sib txawv ntawm cov paj hlwb. Cov proteins no muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov eukaryotes. Lawv txoj haujlwm yog evolutionary kev txuag. Cyclin dependent kinases yog cov protein me me. Lawv qhov hnyav molecular li ntawm 34 kDa txog 40 kDa. Lawv ib txwm tsis ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj cyclins.
Daim duab 02: Cyclin Dependent Kinases
A cyclin dependent kinase khi rau cov protein tswj hu ua cyclin. Yog tsis muaj cyclin, cyclin dependent kinase muaj kev ua haujlwm me me. Lub cyclin-cylin dependent kinase complex yog hu ua maturation promoting factor. Qhov no complex yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau lub cell txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub cell voj voog. Ntxiv mus, cyclin dependent kinases phosphorylate lawv substrates ntawm serines thiab threonines. Yog li ntawd, lawv tseem hu ua serine-threonine kinases. Tsis tas li ntawd, cyclin dependent kinases tau tsim tawm hauv cov hlwb.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Cyclins thiab Cyclin Dependent Kinases?
- Cyclins thiab cyclin dependent kinases yog ob chav kawm tseem ceeb ntawm cov proteins hauv kev tswj lub voj voog ntawm tes.
- Lawv yog cov proteins uas ua los ntawm cov amino acids.
- Lawv yog cov khoom ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev loj hlob.
- Ob qho tib si cyclins thiab cyclin dependent kinases yog tsim kom muaj heterodimer.
- L Hartwell, R. T Hunt, thiab P. M Nurse yeej qhov khoom plig Nobel rau kev tshawb pom ntawm cyclins thiab cyclin dependent kinases hauv 2001.
Qhov txawv ntawm Cyclins thiab Cyclin Dependent Kinases yog dab tsi?
Cyclins yog cov kev tswj hwm cov protein koom nrog hauv lub voj voog ntawm tes uas tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm enzymatic, thaum cyclin dependent kinases yog catalytic proteins koom nrog hauv lub voj voog ntawm tes uas muaj kev ua haujlwm enzymatic. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cyclins thiab cyclin dependent kinases. Tsis tas li ntawd, cyclins tau qhia nyob rau theem tshwj xeeb ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes hauv cov lus teb rau ntau yam teeb meem molecular. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cyclin dependent kinases tau nthuav tawm thoob plaws hauv lub voj voog ntawm tes.
Cov ntawv qhia hauv qab no qhia qhov sib txawv ntawm cyclins thiab cyclin dependent kinases hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Cyclins vs Cyclin Dependent Kinases
Cyclins thiab cyclin dependent kinases yog ob chav kawm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm molecules hauv kev tswj hwm lub voj voog ntawm tes. Cyclins tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm enzymatic, thaum cyclin dependent kinases muaj kev ua haujlwm enzymatic. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cyclins thiab cyclin dependent kinases.
