Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm prochirality thiab prostereoisomerism yog tias nyob rau hauv prochirality, lub chaw prochiral tej zaum yuav yog ib lub chaw prostereogenic whereas, nyob rau hauv prostereoisomerism, prostereogenic chaw yuav tsis tas yog ib tug prochiral center.
Prochirality thiab prostereoisomerism yog ob lub tswv yim tshuaj hauv cov organic chemistry uas xa mus rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv tshuaj zoo sib xws. Prochirality yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov molecules uas tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm achiral mus rau chiral molecules hauv ib kauj ruam. Prostereoisomerism hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm qee cov molecules kom hloov mus rau hauv lawv cov ntaub ntawv stereoisomeric. Cov ntawv stereoisomeric yog enantiomers lossis diastereomers.
Kev hais lus phem yog dab tsi?
Prochiral molecules yog cov molecules uas tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm achiral mus rau chiral hauv ib kauj ruam. Yog li, prochirality yog hais txog cov cuab yeej ntawm achiral molecule uas muaj peev xwm tig chiral hauv ib kauj ruam. Proprochirality, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog lub peev xwm los hloov hom achiral rau hauv chiral hauv hom hauv ob kauj ruam.
Yog tias muaj ob tus neeg hloov pauv zoo ib yam uas txuas nrog sp3 hybridized atom, peb tuaj yeem siv pro-R thiab pro-S ua tus piav qhia kom paub qhov txawv ntawm ob daim ntawv. Thaum naming ib lub molecule, peb yuav tsum muab qhov tseem ceeb dua rau daim ntawv pro-R piv rau lwm daim ntawv nrog rau qhov zoo tib yam hloov. Qhov no tsim ib qho chaw R chirality ntawm sp3 hybridized atom, thiab daim ntawv no zoo sib xws rau daim ntawv pro-S.
Thaum xav txog sp2 hybridized atom muaj lub trigonal planar, peb tuaj yeem hloov nws mus rau hauv ib qho chaw chiral thaum ntxiv ib qho kev hloov mus rau "re" lossis "si" ace ntawm cov molecule raws li qhia hauv qab no hauv daim duab.
Daim duab 01: Tus Qauv ntawm Sp2-Hybridized Carbon Atom Qhia "re" thiab "si" Faces
Peb tuaj yeem hu lub ntsej muag ua "re" yog tias cov neeg hloov pauv ntawm trigonal atom tshwm sim hauv kev txo qis Cahn-Ingold-Prelog qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov kev txiav txim no yuav tsum nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev clockwise. Ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem hu lub ntsej muag li "si" thaum qhov tseem ceeb yuav txo qis hauv kev coj ua counterclockwise. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub chaw chiral hu ua S lossis R, nyob ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm pawg neeg tuaj.
Nws yuav tsum nkag siab lub tswv yim ntawm qhov tseem ceeb txhawm rau nkag siab qee yam ntawm enzyme stereospecificity.
YProstereoisomerism yog dab tsi?
Prostereoisomerism yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm qee cov molecules kom hloov mus rau hauv lawv cov ntaub ntawv stereoisomeric. Cov ntawv stereoisomeric yog enantiomers lossis diastereomers. Piv txwv li, C molecules yog achiral, tab sis yog tias peb hloov Hydrogen atoms ib qho los ntawm ib qho nrog cov ligands tsis sib npaug, peb tuaj yeem tau txais chiral molecule tom qab peb qhov kev hloov pauv vim tias cov pa roj carbon monoxide yuav dhau los ua stereogenic. Prostereoisomerism sawv cev rau ib pab pawg hauv cov chav kawm achiral ntawm cov molecules uas tau tshwm sim hauv ib puag ncig chiral.
Qhov txawv ntawm Prochirality thiab Prostereoisomerism yog dab tsi?
Prochirality thiab prostereoisomerism yog ob lub tswv yim tshuaj hauv cov organic chemistry thiab xa mus rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv tshuaj zoo sib xws. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm prochirality thiab prostereoisomerism yog tias nyob rau hauv prochirality, lub chaw prochiral tej zaum yuav yog ib qho chaw prostereogenic whereas, nyob rau hauv prostereoisomerism, prostereogenic chaw yuav tsis tas yog ib tug prochiral center.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm prochirality thiab prostereoisomerism.
Summary – Prochirality vs Prostereoisomerism
Prochirality thiab prostereoisomerism yog ob lub tswv yim tshuaj hauv cov organic chemistry uas xa mus rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv tshuaj zoo sib xws. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm prochirality thiab prostereoisomerism yog tias nyob rau hauv prochirality, lub chaw prochiral tej zaum yuav yog ib qho chaw prostereogenic whereas nyob rau hauv prostereoisomerism, prostereogenic chaw yuav tsis tas yog ib tug prochiral center.
