Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm luciferase thiab GFP yog luciferase yog ib qho enzyme uas tsim lub teeb thaum nws oxidises nws substrate luciferin, thaum GFP (ntsuab fluorescent protein) yog ib tug protein uas qhia ci ntsuab fluorescence thaum raug lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub xiav. mus rau ultraviolet ntau yam.
Bioluminescence yog vim lub teeb tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov kab mob muaj sia. Nws yog ib hom chemiluminescence. Yog li ntawd, bioluminescence tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog chemiluminescence uas tshwm sim hauv lub cev muaj sia. Feem ntau cov kab mob bioluminescent muaj nyob hauv dej hiav txwv. Cov kab mob no muaj xws li ntses, kab mob, thiab jellies. Qee cov kab mob bioluminescent xws li fireflies thiab fungi muaj nyob hauv thaj av. Cov kab mob bioluminescent tsis yog nyob rau hauv dej tshiab. Feem ntau, cov kab mob bioluminescent muaj cov molecules xws li luciferase thiab GFP rau lub hom phiaj no. Luciferase thiab GFP yog ob qho proteins uas muaj peev xwm tsim tau bioluminescence.
YLuciferase yog dab tsi?
Luciferase yog ib qho enzyme uas tsim lub teeb thaum nws oxidises substrate luciferin. Qhov no enzyme catalyses tshuaj lom neeg cov kab mob nyob rau hauv uas ua rau lub emission ntawm photons. Nws yog feem ntau txawv los ntawm photoprotein. Lub npe "luciferase" yog thawj zaug siv los ntawm Raphael Dubois, uas tau tsim cov lus luciferin thiab luciferase. Ntau yam kab mob tswj lawv lub teeb tsim siv cov luciferases sib txawv nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo. Feem ntau ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb luciferases tau pom nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj, nrog rau fireflies, marine kab mob xws li copepods, jellyfish thiab hiav txwv pansy. Luciferases kuj tau pom nyob rau hauv luminous fungi, luminous kab mob thiab dinoflagellates.
Daim duab 01: Luciferase
Y Luciferin yog lub substrate rau lub enzyme luciferase. Luciferase yog cais raws li oxidoreductases. Nws txhais tau tias nws ua rau tib neeg pub dawb nrog kev koom ua ke ntawm molecular oxygen. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob catalysed los ntawm firefly luciferase tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob kauj ruam, raws li tau hais hauv qab no.
Luciferin + ATP → Luciferyl adenylate + PPi
Luciferyl adenylate + O2 → Oxyluceferin + AMP + Teeb
Cov enzyme no tau siv dav hauv biotechnology, rau microscopy, thiab ua tus tshaj tawm cov noob. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li cov protein fluorescent, luciferase tsis xav tau lub teeb pom kev sab nraud. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv ntawm nws cov substrate consumable luciferin.
GFP yog dab tsi?
GFP (ntsuab fluorescent protein) yog cov protein uas qhia pom lub teeb ntsuab fluorescence thaum raug lub teeb xiav rau ultraviolet ntau yam. Daim ntawv lo GFP feem ntau yog hais txog cov protein ua ntej cais tawm ntawm jellyfish Aequorea victoria, thiab qee zaum hu ua avGFP. Txawm li cas los xij, GFPs tau pom nyob hauv lwm yam kab mob, suav nrog corals, hiav txwv anemones, copepods, zoanthids thiab lancelets.
Daim duab 02: GFP
GFP yog cov cuab yeej zoo tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem siv tau ntau yam ntawm Biology. Qhov no yog vim nws lub peev xwm los tsim cov chromophore sab hauv yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv cofactors, cov khoom lag luam, cov enzymes, lossis cov substrates uas tsis yog cov pa oxygen molecular. Hauv cell thiab molecular biology, GFP noob feem ntau yog siv los ua tus tshaj tawm ntawm kev qhia. Nws kuj tau siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hloov kho los ua biosensors. Tsis tas li ntawd, Roger Y. Tsien, Osamu Shimomura, thiab Martin Chalfie tau txais khoom plig Nobel hauv 2008 rau lawv qhov kev tshawb pom thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov protein fluorescent ntsuab.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Luciferase thiab GFP?
- Luciferase thiab GFP yog ob lub proteins uas muaj peev xwm tsim tau bioluminescence.
- Lawv yog tsim los ntawm cov amino acids.
- Ob leeg xav tau cov pa oxygen molecular hauv bioluminescence
- Ob leeg tuaj yeem siv los ua tus tshaj xov xwm molecules hauv kev tshawb fawb lom neeg.
- Lawv ob leeg pom hauv tsiaj.
Qhov txawv ntawm Luciferase thiab GFP yog dab tsi?
Luciferase yog ib qho enzyme uas tsim lub teeb thaum nws oxidises nws substrate luciferin, thaum GFP yog ib tug protein uas qhia ci ntsuab fluorescence thaum nws raug rau lub teeb nyob rau hauv xiav rau ultraviolet ntau yam. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm luciferase thiab GFP. Tsis tas li ntawd, luciferase tsis xav tau lub teeb pom kev sab nraud los nthuav tawm bioluminescence, thaum GFP xav tau lub teeb pom kev sab nraud los nthuav tawm bioluminescence.
Cov infographic hauv qab no teev qhov sib txawv ntawm luciferase thiab GFP hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Luciferase vs GFP
Bioluminescence yog vim lub teeb tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov kab mob muaj sia. Luciferase thiab GFP yog ob hom proteins uas muaj peev xwm ua tau bioluminescence. Luciferase yog ib qho enzyme uas tsim lub teeb ntawm oxidising nws substrate luciferin, thaum GFP yog ib tug protein uas qhia ci ntsuab fluorescence thaum raug lub teeb nyob rau hauv xiav rau ultraviolet ntau yam. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm luciferase thiab GFP.
