Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm NGS thiab WGS yog qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov tiam tom ntej (NGS) yog qhov sib npaug loj thib ob-tiam sequencing thev naus laus zis uas muaj kev nkag siab, tus nqi qis, thiab nrawm, thaum tag nrho-genome sequencing (WGS) yog Ib txoj hauv kev zoo ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho genomic DNA ntawm ib lub xovtooj ntawm ib lub sijhawm los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem sib txuas xws li Sanger sequencing, phom phom mus kom ze lossis siab dhau NGS sequencing.
Nyob rau hauv ob peb lub xyoo dhau los, kev nkag siab ntawm genome ntawm tib neeg thiab lwm yam tsiaj tau nce loj vim qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov txheej txheem nrawm nrawm thiab cov cuab yeej bioinformatics. Cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke xws li Sanger sequencing muaj lawv cov kev txwv, uas tau hu rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem tshiab sai sai xws li kev sib txuas ua ke tom ntej (NGS) thiab nanopore sequencing. Cov txheej txheem tag nrho-genome sequencing (WGS) yog ib txoj hauv kev tsis ntev los no uas twb tau siv hauv ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb genomic, xws li 100, 000 genomic project los ntawm Genomic England, UK. Yog li, NGS thiab WGS yog ob txoj hauv kev sib txuas uas tam sim no koom nrog ntau qhov haujlwm genomic.
NGS yog dab tsi?
NGS (tom ntej tiam sequencing) yog ib qho kev sib txuas ua ke thib ob uas muaj kev sib txuas ua ke uas muaj peev xwm ua tau siab, tus nqi qis, thiab nrawm. Tsis muaj kev txhais meej meej rau kev ua raws li tiam tom ntej. Tab sis peb tuaj yeem paub meej qhov txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem capillary-based sequencing. Tom ntej no-tiam sequencing tso cai rau cov sequencing ntawm DNA molecule nrog ib tug tag nrho loj loj dua 1 lab lub hauv paus khub nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sim. Nws muaj qhov tsis tau pom dua qhov nrawm thiab kev xaiv ntau dhau, xws li tso cai rau kev sib txuas ntawm DNA ntawm ntau tus neeg tib lub sijhawm. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm miniaturizing lub ntim ntawm tus kheej sequencing tshua. Ntxiv mus, qhov no kuj txwv qhov loj ntawm cov twj paj nruag thiab txo tus nqi ntawm reagents ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Daim duab 01: NGS Platforms
NGS yog ib txoj kev nyeem luv luv uas tau hloov pauv txoj kev tshawb fawb txog kev lom neeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, NGS yog siv rau hauv ntau qhov chaw xws li de novo genome sequencing, tag nrho-genome sequencing, transcriptome analysis, me RNA thiab micro RNA sequencing, targeted resequencing, thiab tag nrho-exome sequencing.
WGS yog dab tsi?
WGS (tag nrho-genome sequencing) yog ib txoj hauv kev los tshuaj xyuas tag nrho genomic DNA ntawm ib lub xovtooj ntawm ib lub sijhawm los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem sib txuas xws li Sanger sequencing, shotgun mus kom ze, lossis high throughput NGS sequencing. Nws tseem hu ua tag nrho genome sequencing lossis ua tiav genome sequencing. Tag nrho-genome sequencing entails cov sequencing tag nrho cov kab mob chromosomal DNA thiab DNA nyob rau hauv mitochondria, thiab rau cov nroj tsuag, DNA nyob rau hauv chloroplast ib zaug. WGS tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb los nyeem cov kab lus tseeb ntawm tag nrho cov ntawv uas ua tiav cov DNA. WGS siv NGS platform yuav tsum tau hloov kho kev teeb tsa.
Daim duab 02: WGS vs Hierarchical Shotgun Sequencing
Txhua-genome sequencing tau qhia txog kev kho mob hauv xyoo 2014. Tsis tas li ntawd, daim ntawv thov ntawm WGS cuam tshuam cov noob sequencing ntawm qib SNP txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kev ua haujlwm sib txawv hauv cov kev tshawb fawb koom haum, kev kho mob hauv tus kheej cov tshuaj, evolutionary biology, piv genomic tsom xam., kev hloov pauv thiab kev hloov kho tshiab, kev tshawb fawb tsis tshua muaj kev sib koom ua ke, thiab kwv yees kev kis tus kab mob thiab cov tshuaj teb.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm NGS thiab WGS?
- NGS thiab WGS yog ob txoj hauv kev ua ke.
- Ob txoj kev ua ke DNA lossis RNA.
- Cov tswv yim no yog tshiab thiab txhim khu kev qha.
- Lawv ob leeg siv los kuaj kab mob thiab tshuaj nrhiav pom.
Qhov txawv ntawm NGS thiab WGS yog dab tsi?
NGS yog ib qho kev sib tw loj thib ob-tiam sequencing thev naus laus zis uas muaj peev xwm dhau los, tus nqi qis, thiab nrawm, thaum WGS yog ib txoj hauv kev los tshuaj xyuas tag nrho genomic DNA ntawm ib lub xovtooj ntawm ib zaug los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem sib txuas xws li raws li Sanger sequencing, rab phom mus kom ze los yog high throughput NGS sequencing. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm NGS thiab WGS. Tsis tas li ntawd, NGS tsuas muaj cov txheej txheem thib ob tiam thib ob thaum WGS muaj thawj, thib ob, thiab thib peb tiam txheej txheem.
Cov lus hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm NGS thiab WGS hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – NGS vs WGS
Nyob rau xyoo dhau los, cov txheej txheem sib txawv sib txawv tau siv niaj hnub siv hauv kev tshawb fawb molecular. Thiab txawm tias lawv yog cov cuab yeej muaj zog heev rau ntau daim ntawv thov kho mob. NGS thiab WGS yog ob txoj hauv kev sib txuas uas tam sim no koom nrog hauv ntau txoj haujlwm genomic. NGS yog qhov thib ob-tiam sequencing thev naus laus zis uas muaj kev nkag siab zoo, tus nqi qis, thiab nrawm. Ntawm qhov tod tes, WGS yog ib txoj hauv kev los tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov genomic DNA lossis tag nrho cov genomic DNA ntawm ib lub xovtooj ntawm ib lub sijhawm los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem sib txuas xws li Sanger sequencing, kev tua phom mus kom ze, lossis siab dhau ntawm NGS sequencing. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm NGS thiab WGS.
