Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm synapse thiab neuromuscular junction yog tias synapse yog qhov sib txuas ntawm ob lub paj hlwb lossis nruab nrab ntawm cov neuron thiab cov leeg ntawm tes, thaum neuromuscular junction yog qhov sib txuas ntawm lub cev muaj zog neuron thiab cov leeg nqaij.
Sensory transduction yog cov txheej txheem uas hloov ib qho kev xav ntawm ib daim ntawv mus rau lwm qhov. Transduction nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb yog ib tug stimulus ceeb toom tshwm sim qhov twg lub cev stimulus yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv lub peev xwm ua. Kev ua haujlwm muaj peev xwm ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas lus ntawm tes mus rau ntawm tes. Qhov kev ua no muaj peev xwm kis tau los ntawm axons mus rau hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb rau kev koom ua ke. Qhov no yog ib kauj ruam hauv kev ua kom pom kev loj dua. Synapse thiab neuromuscular junction yog ob qho tseem ceeb heev junctions rau converting signals nyob rau hauv lub sensory transduction system ntawm tib neeg lub cev.
Synapse Junction yog dab tsi?
Synapse yog qhov sib txuas ntawm ob lub paj hlwb lossis nruab nrab ntawm cov neuron thiab cov leeg nqaij. Nws tseem hu ua neuronal junction. Synapses yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev xa cov paj hlwb los ntawm ib lub cell mus rau lwm qhov. Neurons tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm cov cim rau ib tus neeg lub hom phiaj nrog kev pab ntawm synapses. Ntawm ib qho synapse, plasma daim nyias nyias ntawm lub teeb liab-dhau presynaptic neuron los rau hauv qhov chaw ze nrog rau daim nyias nyias ntawm lub hom phiaj postsynaptic neuron cell lossis lwm yam.
Daim duab 01: Synapse
Synaptic Transmission
Hauv kev sib kis ntawm synaptic, lub cell presynaptic feem ntau tso tawm cov neurotransmitter rau hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov hlwb ua ntej thiab postsynaptic. Tom qab ntawd cov receptors ntawm postsynaptic hlwb khi nrog cov neurotransmitters. Thaum cov lus tau dhau los ua qhov no ntawm ob lub hlwb, lawv muaj lub zog los hloov tus cwj pwm ntawm ob lub hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov xwm txheej ntawm hluav taws xob synapses, qhov hloov pauv hluav taws xob hauv lub xov tooj ntawm presynaptic yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lub cell postsynaptic, thiab cov lus dhau los ua hluav taws xob tam sim no.
Hauv synapses, qhov presynaptic feem ntau yog nyob ntawm ib qho axon, thiab qhov postsynaptic yog nyob rau ntawm ib qho dendrite, axon, lossis soma. Raws li qhov no, muaj peb hom synapses: axodendritic, axoaxonic thiab, axosomatic. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev hloov ntawm lub zog ntawm synapses yog hu ua synaptic plasticity. Yog li ntawd, ntau lub synapse yog siv, qhov muaj zog nws dhau los thiab ntau lub zog nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nws cov neeg nyob sib ze postsynaptic neuron cell lossis lwm cov hlwb.
Neuromuscular Junction yog dab tsi?
Neuromuscular junction yog qhov sib txuas ntawm lub cev muaj zog neuron thiab cov leeg nqaij. Nws pab lub cev muaj zog neuron xa cov teeb liab tshuaj mus rau cov leeg nqaij. Qhov no ua rau cov leeg nqaij. Cov leeg xav tau innervation ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib tshuam neuromuscular, cov hlab ntsha los ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb peripheral txuas ua ke nrog cov leeg.
Daim duab 02: Neuromuscular Junction
Neuromuscular Transmission
txheej txheem no pib thaum qhov kev ua haujlwm muaj peev xwm ncav cuag lub cev muaj zog presynaptic neuron thiab ua kom muaj zog-gated calcium raws. Qhov no tso cai rau cov calcium ions nkag mus rau lub cev muaj zog neuron. Calcium ions khi rau sensor proteins ntawm synaptic vesicles thiab txhawb cov tom ntej neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) tso tawm los ntawm lub cev muaj zog neuron mus rau hauv lub synaptic cleft. Acetylcholine tom qab ntawd khi rau nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) ntawm cov cell membrane ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev khi ntawm acetylcholine rau receptors depolarizes cov nqaij fiber ntau, uas nws thiaj li ua rau cov leeg nqaij contraction.
Muaj cov kab mob neuromuscular hlws ris uas yog cov noob caj noob ces thiab autoimmune keeb kwm, xws li Duchene muscular dystrophy thiab myasthenia gravis.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Synapse thiab Neuromuscular Junction?
- Ob qhov kev sib txuas yog hloov cov teeb liab hauv qhov kev nkag siab ntawm tib neeg lub cev.
- Cov neurotransmitter acetylcholine ua haujlwm hauv ob qho tib si.
- Cov neurons ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb peripheral koom nrog hauv ob qho tib si.
- Ob qhov kev sib txuas yog nruab nrab ntawm cov hlwb presynaptic thiab postsynaptic.
Qhov txawv ntawm Synapse thiab Neuromuscular Junction yog dab tsi?
A synapse yog qhov sib txuas ntawm ob lub paj hlwb lossis nruab nrab ntawm cov neuron thiab cov leeg nqaij. Ntawm qhov tod tes, neuromuscular hlws ris yog qhov sib txuas ntawm lub cev muaj zog neuron thiab cov leeg nqaij. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm synapse thiab neuromuscular hlws ris. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub synapse, ib tug postsynaptic cell yuav ua tau ib tug neuron los yog ib tug nqaij, thaum nyob rau hauv lub neuromuscular hlws ris, ib tug postsynaptic cell yog ib txwm ib tug nqaij fiber. Yog li, qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm synapse thiab neuromuscular junction.
Cov hauv qab no infographic teev qhov sib txawv ntawm synapse thiab neuromuscular hlws ris hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Synapse vs Neuromuscular Junction
Cov txheej txheem los ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes hloov lub teeb liab ntxiv xws li lub teeb, saj, suab, kov, lossis tsw ntxhiab rau hauv hluav taws xob teeb liab yog lub npe hu ua qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv. Synapse thiab neuromuscular junction yog ob qho tseem ceeb heev junctions rau converting signals nyob rau hauv lub sensory transduction system ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Lub synapse yog qhov sib txuas ntawm ob lub paj hlwb lossis nruab nrab ntawm cov neuron thiab cov leeg hlwb. Neuromuscular junction yog ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm lub cev muaj zog neuron thiab cov leeg nqaij. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm synapse thiab neuromuscular junction.
