Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ligand thiab chelate yog tias ligands yog hom tshuaj uas pub lossis faib lawv cov electrons nrog lub hauv paus atom los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, whereas chelates yog cov tebchaw uas muaj lub hauv paus atom bonded nrog ib puag ncig ligands.
Peb tuaj yeem txhais lub ligand ua ib qho atom, ion, lossis molecule uas tuaj yeem pub lossis faib ob ntawm nws cov electrons los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke covalent daim ntawv cog lus nrog lub hauv paus atom lossis ion. Ib yam li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem txhais cov chelate raws li qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub hauv paus hlau atom txuas rau lub ligand muaj tsawg kawg yog ob lossis ntau qhov chaw pub dawb.
Ligand yog dab tsi?
Ib ligand yog ib qho atom, ion, lossis molecule uas tuaj yeem pub lossis faib ob ntawm nws cov electrons los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke covalent daim ntawv cog lus nrog lub hauv paus atom lossis ion. Feem ntau, peb tham txog ligands hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev sib koom tes chemistry.
Raws li kev tshawb xav siv lead ua teb, muaj ob hom ligands li ligands muaj zog thiab ligands tsis muaj zog. Ib lub ligand muaj zog los yog ib qho chaw muaj zog ligand yog ib qho ligand uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau dua crystal field splitting. Qhov no txhais tau tias kev khi ntawm ib qho chaw muaj zog ligand ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab dua thiab qis zog orbitals. Piv txwv li CN- (cyanide ligands), NO2- (nitro ligand) thiab CO (carbonyl ligands). Ib qho ligand tsis muaj zog lossis tsis muaj zog ligand yog ib qho ligand uas tuaj yeem ua rau qis qis qis dua. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias kev khi ntawm lub zog tsis muaj zog ligand ua rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab dua thiab qis zog orbitals.
Ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem faib cov ligands rau hauv pawg raws li cov qauv tshuaj, xws li macrocyclic ligands. Lub macrocyclic ligand yog ib lub voj voog loj loj uas muaj peb lossis ntau qhov chaw pub dawb. Ib qho macrocyclic ligand yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv cyclic loj. Muaj tsawg kawg yog peb lossis ntau qhov chaw pub dawb hauv macrocyclic ligand. Cov ligands no qhia txog kev sib raug zoo rau cov hlau ions.
Chelate yog dab tsi?
Ib chelate yog ib qho sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub hauv paus hlau atom txuas rau lub ligand muaj tsawg kawg yog ob lossis ntau qhov chaw pub dawb. Yog li ntawd, chelate yog tag nrho cov complex uas muaj lub hauv paus hlau atom thiab cov ligand. Peb tuaj yeem muab lub npe no los ua kev sib koom ua ke lossis kev sib koom ua ke. Qee qhov kev sib koom ua ke muaj ob lossis ntau dua ligands sib txuas rau hauv nruab nrab hlau atom, tab sis ib qho chelate tsuas muaj ib lub ligand.
Muaj ntau pawg ntawm ligands. Lawv lub npe qhia tias muaj pes tsawg tus koom tes covalent bonds lawv tuaj yeem tsim tau. Piv txwv li, yog tias ib lub ligand tuaj yeem tsim tsuas yog ib qho kev sib koom tes covalent daim ntawv cog lus rau ib lub molecule, nws yog hu ua monodentate ligand. Ib yam li ntawd, yog tias muaj ob qhov chaw pub dawb, ces nws yog bidentate ligand. Lub denticity ntawm ligands piav txog qhov categorization no. Txij li thaum lub ligand txuas nrog lub hauv paus hlau atom ntawm ob lossis ntau qhov chaw pub dawb hauv chelate, lub ligand yog ib qho bidentate lossis polydentate ligand. Feem ntau, lub ligand ntawm ib tug chelate yog ib tug cyclic los yog ib lub nplhaib qauv. Cov ligands no tseem hu ua chelate agents.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ligand thiab Chelate yog dab tsi?
Cov ntsiab lus ligand thiab chelate muaj feem cuam tshuam rau ib leeg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ligand thiab chelate yog tias ligands yog hom tshuaj uas pub dawb lossis sib koom lawv cov electrons nrog lub hauv paus atom los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, hos chelates yog cov tebchaw uas muaj lub hauv paus atom sib koom nrog cov ligands.
Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ligand thiab chelate hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Ligand vs Chelate
Ligand thiab chelate yog cov ntsiab lus sib tham uas tau tham hauv qab ntawm kev sib koom tes chemistry. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ligand thiab chelate yog tias ligands yog hom tshuaj uas pub dawb lossis sib koom lawv cov electrons nrog lub hauv paus atom los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, hos chelates yog cov tebchaw uas muaj lub hauv paus atom sib koom nrog cov ligands.
