Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm benzene thiab toluene yog lawv cov qauv; toluene muaj ib pawg methyl txuas rau lub nplhaib benzene thaum benzene tsis muaj methyl pawg txuas.
Benzene thiab Toluene yog ob qho tshuaj tsw qab uas muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm lawv hauv lawv cov qauv. Qhov kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv no tau ua rau muaj ntau qhov sib txawv hauv lawv cov kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv. Feem ntau, lawv yog ob qho tib si lom thiab volatile; muaj nyob rau hauv cov kua dej ntawm chav tsev kub.
Benzene yog dab tsi?
Benzene (C6H6) yog ib qho muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbon nrog kev ruaj ntseg tshwj xeeb vim nws cov qauv sib txuas. Tsis zoo li lwm cov hydrocarbons, benzene muaj cov qauv hexagonal molecular tsim los ntawm kev koom nrog rau 6 carbon atoms ua ke nrog lwm txoj kev sib txuas ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms. Qhov no muab kev ruaj ntseg ntxiv rau cov molecule.
Rau hydrogen atoms yog sib txuas rau rau carbon atoms ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov kua dej nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, qhov twg ib tug ntshiab xim tsis muaj kua nrog ib tug yam ntxwv tsw qab zib. Nws yog ob qho tib si volatile thiab flammable. Benzene muaj 92.3% carbon thiab 7.7% hydrogen los ntawm qhov hnyav hauv nws cov mis molecular C6H6
Qee kev lag luam siv benzene los tsim lwm yam tshuaj; Piv txwv li los ua cov tshuaj uas siv los tsim cov yas, resins, nylon, thiab hluavtaws fibers. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws kuj yog siv los ua qee yam roj hmab, roj hmab, tshuaj ntxuav tes, tshuaj zawv plaub hau, tshuaj thiab tshuaj tua kab.
Benzene suav tias yog tshuaj lom thiab carcinogenic (ua rau mob qog noj ntshav) uas ua rau mob hnyav thiab mob ntev. Kev kis mus ntev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv kev tsim cov ntshav thiab cuam tshuam rau cov pob txha. Lub sij hawm luv luv rau cov benzene siab yuav ua rau kiv taub hau, tsaug zog, tsis nco qab thiab tuag.
Toluene yog dab tsi?
Toluene tseem hu ua methyl benzene. Nws yog benzene derivative nrog cov qauv molecular C7H8 Ib atom hydrogen hauv benzene yog hloov los ntawm methyl (–CH 3) pab pawg hauv Toluene molecule. Toluene yog xim tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj corrosive, volatile, aromatic kua nrog ib tug yam ntxwv tsw.
Nws yog ib yam tshuaj phem uas ua rau khaus rau qhov muag, tawv nqaij, thiab cov mucous daim nyias nyias. Nws kuj ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb ua rau mob taub hau, tsaug zog lossis lwm yam teebmeem. Nws yuav ua rau lub ntsws puas yog tias nws nqos. Qhov raug mob hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj xws li ua pa nyuaj siab, tsis nco qab, qaug zog lossis tuag.
Txawm hais tias cov teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv no, toluene yog siv rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov kev lag luam. Ib qho kev siv loj ntawm toluene yog sib xyaw nrog roj av los txhim kho nws cov kev ntsuas octane. Nws kuj tseem siv los tsim cov benzene thiab cov kuab tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig hauv cov xim, txheej, cov tshuaj tsw qab hluavtaws, cov nplaum, cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab cov inks. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv rau hauv kev lag luam polymer; Piv txwv li, toluene yog siv los ua nylon, polyurethanes, thiab yas soda fwj. Ntxiv mus, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv kws tshuaj, cosmetic ntsia thawv khoom, dyes thiab organic chemicals.
Qhov txawv ntawm Benzene thiab Toluene yog dab tsi?
Benzene yog ib qho muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbon nrog cov qauv molecular C 6 H 6 thaum toluene yog benzene derivative nrog cov mis molecular C 7H8. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm benzene thiab toluene yog lawv cov qauv; toluene muaj ib pawg methyl txuas rau lub nplhaib benzene thaum benzene tsis muaj methyl pawg txuas. Qhov kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv no tau ua rau muaj ntau qhov sib txawv hauv lawv cov kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv. Piv txwv li, benzene yog reactive ntau dua toluene.
Hauv qab info-graphic teev qhov sib txawv ntawm benzene thiab toluene hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Benzene vs Toluene
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm benzene thiab toluene yog lawv cov qauv; toluene muaj ib pawg methyl txuas rau lub nplhaib benzene thaum benzene tsis muaj methyl pawg txuas. Qhov kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv no tau ua rau muaj ntau qhov sib txawv hauv lawv cov kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv.
Image Courtesy:
1. “Benzene-2D-flat” Los ntawm Benjah-bmm27 [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
2. "Toluene" Los ntawm Luigi Chiesa (Drawn los ntawm Luigi Chiesa) [Public domain], ntawm Wikimedia Commons
