Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm G1 G2 thiab S theem yog kev loj hlob uas tshwm sim. Thaum lub sij hawm G1, lub xov tooj ntawm tes qhia thawj zaug kev loj hlob los ntawm kev luam cov organelles thiab ua cov molecular tsev blocks uas tsim nyog rau cov kauj ruam tom ntej; Thaum lub sij hawm G2, lub xov tooj ntawm tes qhia kev loj hlob thib ob los ntawm kev ua cov proteins thiab organelles thiab pib reorganize nws cov ntsiab lus hauv kev npaj rau mitosis; Thaum lub sij hawm S theem, lub xov tooj ntawm tes luam los yog duplicates tag nrho cov DNA nyob rau hauv lub cell, ua ib tug ntxiv txheej ntawm chromosomes.
Eukaryotic hlwb tau faib cov cell thaum lawv loj hlob thiab loj hlob. Muaj ob theem loj hauv lub voj voog ntawm tes. Lawv yog interphase thiab mitosis. Lub cell faib siv feem ntau ntawm nws lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv interphase. Hauv lwm lo lus, interphase yog lub sijhawm ntev tshaj plaws ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes uas lub cell npaj rau kev faib tawm nuclear thiab tsim cov ntxhais tshiab. Interphase ntxiv subdivides rau peb theem li Gap 1 (G1), Gap 2 (G2) theem thiab Synthesis (S) theem. G1 theem yog thawj theem ntawm interphase uas yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntev dua. S theem yog theem nruab nrab uas lub cell ua ib qho ntxiv ntawm nws cov chromosome teeb. G2 theem yog theem kawg ntawm interphase uas yog ib theem luv.
G1 Phase yog dab tsi?
Gap 1 lossis G1 theem yog thawj theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tes ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes. Cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob tseem ceeb tshwm sim hauv lub cell thaum lub sij hawm G1. Lub cell loj yuav nce vim qhov dav ntawm cov proteins thiab RNA. Synthesis ntawm cov proteins thiab RNA yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej S theem uas replication ntawm DNA tshwm sim. Proteins synthesized thaum lub sij hawm G1 feem ntau suav nrog histone proteins, thiab feem ntau ntawm RNA synthesized yog mRNA. Histone proteins thiab mRNA koom rau hauv S theem rau DNA replication.
Lub sijhawm ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes sib txawv raws li hom kab mob. Qee cov kab mob muaj G1 ntev dua ua ntej nkag mus rau theem S thaum lwm yam kab mob tuaj yeem muaj luv G1 theem. Hauv tib neeg, lub voj voog ntawm tes ua haujlwm rau 18 teev. Tawm ntawm tag nrho lub sijhawm ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes, G1 theem ib txwm siv 1/3 ntawm lub sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm no tuaj yeem hloov pauv vim qee yam. Cov yam tseem ceeb no raug xa mus rau kev loj hlob, thiab qee qhov ntawm lawv yog ib puag ncig ntawm tes, muaj cov as-ham xws li cov proteins thiab cov amino acids tshwj xeeb thiab cellular kub. Qhov kub thiab txias feem ntau cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob, thiab tus nqi no txawv ntawm kab mob mus rau kab mob. Hauv tib neeg, qhov kub zoo tshaj plaws rau kev loj hlob ntawm tes yog kwv yees li 37 0 C.
Daim duab 01: Cell Cycle
Lub voj voog ntawm tes tswj kev tswj hwm tswj hwm theem G1. Thaum lub sijhawm tswj hwm, kev tswj xyuas lub sijhawm thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lwm cov theem pib. G1 theem tau suav tias yog theem tseem ceeb vim tias nws yog lub ntsiab lus uas txiav txim siab txoj hmoo ntawm tes. Nyob rau theem no, lub xov tooj ntawm tes txiav txim siab seb nws puas mus nrog cov theem ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes lossis tawm ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes. Yog tias lub xovtooj tau txais lub teeb liab kom nws nyob rau theem tsis sib faib, lub xovtooj ntawm tes yuav tsis nkag mus rau theem S. Nws yuav txav mus rau theem dormant hu ua G0 theem. G0 theem yog lub xeev ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes raug ntes.
G2 Phase (aka Gap 2 phase) yog dab tsi?
G2 theem, tseem hu ua Gap 2 theem, yog theem kawg ntawm interphase. G2 theem yog luv luv, tab sis nws yog ib theem tseem ceeb ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes. Thaum lub sij hawm G2, kev loj hlob ntawm cov cellular loj hlob nyob rau hauv siab synthesis ntawm cov proteins. Nrog rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tsim nyog RNA thiab cov proteins, nws kuj pab tsim cov spindle apparatus thaum mitosis. Txawm hais tias theem no tseem ceeb, lub xovtooj ntawm tes tuaj yeem hla qhov theem no thiab nkag mus rau mitosis ncaj qha thaum lub cell ua tiav nws theem S. Tab sis los ntawm kev ua tiav theem G2, lub xov tooj ntawm tes tuaj yeem npaj txhij rau mitosis lossis nuclear faib.
Yog tias lub xovtooj nkag mus rau theem G2, nws lees paub qhov tseeb tias lub xovtooj ntawm tes tau ua tiav S theem uas DNA rov ua dua. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov hlwb hauv G2 theem yuav nce mus rau hauv mitosis qhov twg lub cell yuav muab faib ua ob lub hlwb zoo tib yam. Hauv G2 theem, lub xov tooj ntawm tes nce ntxiv nrog rau cov khoom sib txawv, suav nrog cov nucleus thiab yuav luag tag nrho lwm cov cellular organelles. Zoo ib yam li G1 theem, G2 theem kuj tseem tswj hwm los ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes tswj cov txheej txheem.
S Phase yog dab tsi?
S theem lossis theem kev sib txuas yog theem nruab nrab ntawm kev sib tshuam. Thaum lub sij hawm S theem, lub xov tooj ntawm tes luam tag nrho nws cov DNA thiab ua ib qho ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, ib daim qauv ntawm cov chromosome teeb yog synthesized nyob rau hauv S theem. Tsis tas li ntawd, centrosomes kuj tau ua ke thaum lub sij hawm S. Cov centrosomes no yog siv rau yav tom ntej thaum lub sij hawm mitosis. Centrosomes pab kev sib cais ntawm DNA.
Daim duab 02: S Phase
Kev faib cell ua tiav yog nyob ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm nws cov genome. Nws tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm S. S theem yog theem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes. Yog li ntawd, theem no yog nruj tswj hwm thiab dav kev txuag.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm G1 G2 thiab S Phase?
- G1, G2 thiab S theem yog peb theem ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes.
- Txhua peb theem tshwm sim hauv yuav luag txhua lub voj voog ntawm tes.
- Lub sijhawm no, lub cell loj hlob, rov ua dua nws cov chromosomes thiab npaj rau kev faib cell.
- Lub sijhawm ntawm tag nrho peb theem yog siab dua M theem.
- Txhua peb theem yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb heev rau kev faib cell ua tiav.
Qhov txawv ntawm G1 G2 thiab S Phase yog dab tsi?
G1 theem yog thawj theem ntawm interphase uas lub cell loj hlob los ntawm kev luam organelles thiab synthesizing proteins thiab RNA. G2 theem yog theem peb ntawm interphase uas cell ua proteins thiab organelles thiab RNA thiab reorganizes cell ntsiab lus. S theem yog theem nrab ntawm interphase uas cell duplicates nws DNA thiab centrosomes. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm G1 G2 thiab S theem. G1 theem yog qhov ntev tshaj plaws ntawm interphase thaum G2 theem yog luv tshaj theem ntawm interphase thiab S theem yog thib ob-ntev tshaj plaws ntawm interphase.
Hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog kev sib piv ntawm 3 theem kom pom qhov txawv ntawm G1 G2 thiab S theem.
Summary – G1 G2 vs S Phase
Interphase yog theem ntev tshaj plaws hauv lub voj voog ntawm tes. Thaum lub sij hawm interphase, lub cell loj hlob, replicates nws DNA, accumulates as-ham thiab duplicates nws organelles. Los ntawm kev ua tag nrho cov no, lub cell npaj rau kev faib cell thiab tsim cov hlwb tshiab. Muaj peb theem loj hauv interphase li G1, S thiab G2 theem. G1 yog thawj theem, thiab thaum lub sijhawm no, lub cell loj hlob tuaj, luam nws cov organelles thiab ua rau lub tsev molecular blocks. Thaum lub sij hawm S theem, cell synthesizes ib tug ua tiav daim ntawv luam ntawm nws DNA. Lub cell kuj duplicates centrosomes uas yuav tsum tau rau DNA sib cais nyob rau hauv mitosis. G2 yog lub sijhawm kawg ntawm kev sib tshuam, thiab thaum lub sijhawm nws, lub cell loj hlob ntau dua, ua ke cov proteins thiab organelles thiab rov tsim cov ntsiab lus ntawm tes. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm G1 G2 thiab S theem.
