Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm enantiotopic thiab diastereotopic yog lub sij hawm enantiotopic hais txog lub peev xwm los tsim ib lub chaw chiral, whereas lub sij hawm diastereotopic yog hais txog lub peev xwm los tsim ib tug diastereomer.
Lub ntsiab lus hauv chemistry yog qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg hloov pauv thiab cov qauv niam txiv uas cov neeg hloov pauv tau txuas nrog. Muaj ntau hom kev sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov kev sib raug zoo xws li heterotopic, homotopic, enantiotopic, thiab diastereotopic.
Enantiotopic yog dab tsi?
Enantiotopic yog ib lo lus uas piav txog qhov tshwm sim uas ob qhov hloov pauv hauv ib lub molecule tau hloov los ntawm lwm cov atoms, tsim cov chiral compound. Yog li ntawd, nws yog lub sij hawm stereochemical. Kev hloov pauv uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv hom reactants tuaj yeem tsim enantiomers. Cia peb xav txog ib qho piv txwv kom nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus no.
Butane molecule muaj ob lub hydrogen atoms txuas rau txhua qhov thib ob thiab thib peb carbon atoms. Yog tias peb xav txog ib qho carbon atom, hais qhov thib ob carbon atom, muaj ob lub hydrogen atoms txuas rau lub chaw carbon no, thiab peb tuaj yeem hloov ib qho ntawm cov hydrogen atoms nrog rau lwm cov atom xws li bromine, uas tuaj yeem tsim cov enantiomers, piv txwv li. (R)-2-bromobutane. Ib yam li ntawd, kev hloov ntawm lwm cov hydrogen atom nrog bromine yuav muab cov enantiomer ntawm (R)-2-bromobutane, uas yog (S)-2-bromobutane. Cov qauv hauv qab no:
Daim duab 01: Cov qauv ntawm Butane
Daim duab 02: Cov qauv ntawm (R)-2-bromobutane
Daim duab 03: Cov qauv ntawm (S)-2-bromobutane
Feem ntau, cov pab pawg neeg hloov pauv enantiotopic zoo ib yam thiab tsis txawv ntawm ib leeg, tshwj tsis yog hauv chiral compounds. Piv txwv li, feem ntau cov hydrogen atoms nyob rau hauv nruab nrab carbon ntawm ethanol molecule (CH3CH2OH) yog enantiotopic, tab sis cov no tuaj yeem ua diastereotopic yog tias cov molecule tau ua ke nrog chiral center (piv txwv li hloov mus rau hauv ib qho ester).
Dab tsis yog dab tsi?
Disastereotopic yog ib lo lus uas piav txog qhov tshwm sim uas ob qhov hloov pauv hauv cov molecule tau hloov los ntawm lwm cov atoms, tsim cov diastereomers. Yog li, qhov no yog lo lus stereochemical. Cov pab pawg diastereotopic hloov pauv feem ntau zoo ib yam tab sis tsis tas li. Ntxiv mus, cov pab pawg zoo tib yam feem ntau txuas nrog tib lub atom ntawm cov molecule uas muaj tsawg kawg yog ib lub chaw chiral. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov qauv rau (S)-2-bromobutane saum toj no, cov hydrogen atoms nyob rau hauv lub thib peb carbon atom yog diastereotopic.
Daim duab 04: Cov qauv ntawm (2S, 3R)-2, 3-dibromobutane
Daim duab 05: Cov qauv ntawm (2S, 3S)-2, 3-dibromobutane
Cov duab kos saum toj no qhia txog kev hloov ntawm ib qho ntawm cov atom hydrogen nrog lwm lub atom xws li bromine atom tuaj yeem tsim (2S, 3R)-2, 3-dibromobutane thiab hloov lwm yam hydrogen atom nrog bromine atom. tsim cov diastereomer ntawm (2S, 3R)-2, 3-dibromobutane, uas yog (2S, 3S)-2, 3-dibromobutane.
Qhov txawv ntawm Enantiotopic thiab Diastereotopic yog dab tsi?
Enantiotopic thiab diastereotopic yog ob hom tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov tshuaj sib xyaw. Ob hom topicity no txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li cov khoom kawg uas lawv muab thaum atoms hloov nrog lwm cov atoms. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm enantiotopic thiab diastereotopic yog lub sij hawm enantiotopic hais txog lub peev xwm los tsim ib lub chaw chiral, thaum lub sij hawm diastereotopic hais txog lub peev xwm los tsim ib tug diastereomer.
Hauv qab infographic qhia ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm enantiotopic thiab diastereotopic.
Summary – Enantiotopic vs Diastereotopic
Enantiotopic thiab diastereotopic yog ob hom tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov tshuaj sib xyaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm enantiotopic thiab diastereotopic yog lub sij hawm enantiotopic hais txog lub peev xwm los tsim ib lub chaw chiral whereas lub sij hawm diastereotopic hais txog lub peev xwm los tsim ib tug diastereomer.
