Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm electrofuge thiab nucleofuge yog qhov electrofuge yog ib pab pawg tawm uas tsis khaws cov khoom sib txuas ntawm cov hluav taws xob los ntawm nws daim ntawv cog lus yav dhau los nrog lwm hom thaum lub nucleofuge yog ib pawg tawm uas khaws cov khub ib leeg los ntawm nws. yav dhau los daim ntawv cog lus nrog lwm hom.
Cov ntsiab lus electrofuge thiab nucleofuge yog siv hauv cov organic chemistry ua cov npe tawm hauv pawg. Ob pawg no sib txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li cov txheej txheem khaws cia ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm electron khub ntawm lub molecule. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus no tau siv feem ntau hauv cov ntawv qub, thiab cov ntsiab lus no tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub ntawm chemistry.
Electrofuge yog dab tsi?
Electrofuge compounds tuaj yeem piav qhia tias yog tawm hauv pawg uas tsis khaws cov khub ntawm cov hluav taws xob los ntawm nws daim ntawv cog lus qub nrog lwm hom. Hom kev tawm hauv pawg no tsim los ntawm heterolytic tawg ntawm covalent bonds. Tom qab ua raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov pab pawg electrofuge zoo li muaj qhov zoo lossis qhov nruab nrab, uas yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov poob ntawm H+ ion los ntawm cov molecule ntawm benzene thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem nitration. Hauv cov ntsiab lus no, lo lus electrofuge feem ntau yog hais txog cov pab pawg tawm hauv cov ntaub ntawv qub, tab sis nws siv nyob rau hauv niaj hnub organic chemistry tsis tshua muaj tam sim no.
Nucleofuge yog dab tsi
Nucleofuge cov tebchaw tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li tawm hauv pawg uas tuaj yeem khaws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib leeg los ntawm nws daim ntawv cog lus yav dhau los nrog lwm hom. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, hauv SN2 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ib qho nucleophile tawm tsam cov organic compound uas muaj cov nucleofuge, ib txhij ua txhaum cov ntawv cog lus nrog nucleofuge.
Daim duab 01: Ib qho piv txwv ntawm Kev Tawm Tsam cuam tshuam nrog Nucleofuge
Tom qab ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj cov nucleofuge, cov nucleofuge yuav muaj qhov tsis zoo lossis qhov nruab nrab. Qhov no yog tswj los ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub tias lo lus nucleofuge tau siv hauv cov ntaub ntawv qub ntawm chemistry, tab sis nws siv tsawg dua hauv cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no.
Qhov txawv ntawm Electrofuge thiab Nucleofuge yog dab tsi?
Cov ntsiab lus electrofuge thiab nucleofuge yog siv hauv cov organic chemistry ua cov npe tawm hauv pawg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm electrofuge thiab nucleofuge yog tias ib qho hluav taws xob tsis khaws cov khoom sib txuas ntawm cov hluav taws xob los ntawm nws daim ntawv cog lus yav dhau los nrog lwm hom, thaum nucleofuge khaws cov khub ib leeg los ntawm nws daim ntawv cog lus yav dhau los nrog lwm hom. Tsis tas li ntawd, tom qab ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb uas cuam tshuam nrog electrofuge, lub electrofuge nyiam muaj tus nqi zoo lossis tus nqi nruab nrab thaum lub nucleofuge, nyob rau tib lub ntsiab lus, zoo li muaj tus nqi tsis zoo lossis tus nqi nruab nrab.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev siv electrofuge yog qhov poob ntawm H+ ion los ntawm cov molecule ntawm benzene thaum lub sij hawm nitration. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev siv lo lus nucleofuge yog nyob rau hauv SN2 mechanism qhov twg ib tug nucleophile tawm tsam cov organic compound uas muaj cov nucleofuge, ib txhij ua txhaum cov nyiaj nrog cov nucleofuge.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm electrofuge thiab nucleofuge hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Electrofuge vs Nucleofuge
Cov ntsiab lus electrofuge thiab nucleofuge yog siv hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg ua rau cov npe tawm hauv pawg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm electrofuge thiab nucleofuge yog tias ib qho hluav taws xob tsis khaws cov khoom sib txuas ntawm cov hluav taws xob los ntawm nws daim ntawv cog lus yav dhau los nrog lwm hom thaum lub nucleofuge khaws cov khub ib leeg los ntawm nws daim ntawv cog lus yav dhau los nrog lwm hom. Yog li ntawd, ob pawg no sib txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li cov txheej txheem khaws cia ntawm cov khoom sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov molecule.
