Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm GM txee thiab cov txee scintillation yog tias GM txee pom cov hluav taws xob ionizing siv cov nyhuv ionization ua hauv Geiger-Muller raj hos scintillation counter ntsuas ionizing hluav taws xob siv cov nyhuv excitation ntawm qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv scintillating thiab kuaj pom. qhov tshwm sim lub teeb pulses.
GM txee thiab scintillation txee yog cov cuab yeej siv hauv kev kuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas hluav taws xob ionizing. Ob lub cuab yeej sib txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li txoj kev tshawb pom cov hluav taws xob.
GM Counter yog dab tsi?
GM txee yog lub npe luv rau lub txee Geiger-Muller, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kuaj cov hluav taws xob ionizing. Cov cuab yeej no muaj kev siv hauv dosimetry, kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, kev sim physics thiab kev lag luam nuclear. Cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem ntes cov alpha hais, beta hais, thiab gamma rays. Nws kuaj pom hluav taws xob siv cov nyhuv ionizing tsim nyob rau hauv Geiger-Muller raj. Yog li, qhov no coj mus rau lub npe ntawm qhov ntsuas.
Daim duab 01: GM Counter
Lub txee GM tseem ceeb muaj lub raj Giger-Muller, uas yog lub ntsiab lus pom uas tuaj yeem ntes cov hluav taws xob. Muaj lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas qhia txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsom xam. Lub raj Geiger-Muller hauv qhov ntsuas no tau ntim nrog cov roj inert; e.g. helium, neon, lossis argon roj ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab. Lub high voltage yog siv rau cov roj no. Geiger-Muller tube tuaj yeem ua luv luv ua hluav taws xob thaum muaj qhov cuam tshuam lossis photon ntawm qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob ua rau cov roj hluav taws xob los ntawm ionization.
Txawm li cas los xij, ionization tau nthuav dav hauv lub raj ntawm Townsend tawm cov nyhuv. Qhov no ua rau qhov ntsuas tau yooj yim ntsuas pulse. Cov mem tes no ces muab tso rau hauv kev ua thiab tso saib cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov mem tes loj tsim nyob rau hauv txoj kev no ua rau GM txee kuj pheej yig los tsim. Muaj ob hom kev tso saib hauv GM txee: kuaj pom hluav taws xob nyeem ntawv thiab suav thiab koob tshuaj hluav taws xob. Qhov kev nyeem ntawv yooj yim tshaj plaws yog suav, uas qhia cov lej suav ib zaug, piv txwv li. suav ib feeb.
Dab tsi yog Scintillation Counter?
Lub txee scintillation yog cov cuab yeej tshuaj ntsuam xyuas siv los ntsuas ionizing hluav taws xob siv cov khoom siv scintillating. Hauv cov cuab yeej no, ionizing hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ntsuas tau siv cov nyhuv excitation ntawm qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kuaj pom lub teeb pom kev zoo.
Daim duab 02: Qhov chaw ntawm Scintillation Counter
Cov cuab yeej muaj lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem tsim cov photons teb rau qhov xwm txheej hluav taws xob, lub teeb pom kev zoo, uas tuaj yeem hloov lub teeb mus rau lub teeb liab hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob los ua cov teeb liab. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab hauv kev tshawb fawb physics vim cov txheej txheem tsim khoom pheej yig thiab zoo quantum efficiency. Ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov kev siv zog thiab lub zog ntawm qhov xwm txheej hluav taws xob.
Thaum xav txog txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, nws cuam tshuam txog kev dhau ntawm cov khoom ionizing mus rau hauv cov khoom siv scintillator uas cov atom zoo siab nrog txoj kev. Yog hais tias cov no yog them cov khoom, cov khiav yog txoj kev ntawm particle nws tus kheej. Rau cov khoom uas tsis muaj nqi xws li gamma rays, lawv lub zog hloov mus rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob los ntawm cov nyhuv photoelectric.
Qhov txawv ntawm GM Counter thiab Scintillation Counter yog dab tsi?
GM txee thiab scintillation txee yog cov cuab yeej siv hauv kev kuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas hluav taws xob ionizing. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm GM txee thiab scintillation txee yog tias GM txee kuaj pom ionizing hluav taws xob siv cov nyhuv ionization ua nyob rau hauv Geiger-Muller raj thaum scintillation counter ntsuas cov ionizing hluav taws xob siv cov nyhuv excitation ntawm qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kuaj pom cov teeb pom kev zoo..
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm GM txee thiab scintillation txee.
Summary – GM Counter vs Scintillation Counter
GM txee thiab scintillation txee yog cov cuab yeej siv hauv kev kuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas hluav taws xob ionizing. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm GM txee thiab scintillation txee yog tias GM txee kuaj pom ionizing hluav taws xob siv cov nyhuv ionization ua nyob rau hauv Geiger-Muller raj thaum scintillation counter ntsuas cov ionizing hluav taws xob siv cov nyhuv excitation ntawm qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kuaj pom cov teeb pom kev zoo..
