Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm contig thiab scaffold yog qhov contig tsis muaj qhov khoob thaum lub scaffold muaj contigs thiab qhov khoob.
Genome sequencing of multicellular kab mob yog qhov nyuaj heev piv rau cov sequencing ntawm unicellular kab mob. Tag nrho-genome shotgun sequencing yog ib qho yooj yim thiab ceev genome sequencing txheej txheem rau multicellular genomes. Nws yog ib txoj hauv kev uas ua rau ntau qhov sib tshooj DNA tawg nyob rau hauv parallel. Hauv txoj kev no, cov khoom me me tau sib sau ua ke rau hauv cov khoom loj dua thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau hauv cov kab mob loj dua siv lub computer. Tom qab ntawd cov contigs tau sib sau ua ke rau hauv scaffolds thiab thaum kawg mus rau hauv chromosome. Yog li ntawd, contig yog ib qho txuas ntxiv ntawm nucleotide sequences thaum scaffold yog ib feem ntawm cov genome uas muaj contigs thiab qhov khoob. Ob qho tib si contig thiab scaffold yog reconstructed genomic sequences.
Dab tsi yog Contig?
Contig yog ib ntus genomic. Nws yog qhov txuas txuas ntxiv ntawm cov kab ke uas muaj A, C, G thiab T hauv paus. Nws yog tsim los ntawm kev muab tso ua ke ob peb qhov sib tshooj me me ntawm DNA rau hauv ib ntu ntev. Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, contig yog kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov kab sib txuas ua ke. Kev tsim Contig suav nrog kev txheeb xyuas cov kab sib tshooj sib tshooj raws li cov hlua sib txuam hauv zos thiab cov txheej txheem sib dhos uas txheeb xyuas qhov sib tshooj kawg ntawm cov kab ke.
Kev sib tw tsis muaj qhov khoob. Nws yog ib feem ntawm lub scaffold. Contigs yog chained ua ke thaum tsim ib tug scaffold. Nws xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv txog cov txheeb ze txoj hauj lwm thiab kev taw qhia ntawm contigs hauv genome. Lub qhov khoob cais contigs nyob rau hauv ib tug scaffold. Yeej, contig los ua ke yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv tag nrho-genome shotgun sequencing. Contigs tau sib sau ua ke thaum kawg rau hauv ib qho kev ua tiav genomic. Contig los ua ke feem ntau xav tau kev nkag siab ntawm algorithms hauv txoj hlua sib txuam thiab kev sib txuas ua ke.
Scaffold yog dab tsi?
A scaffold yog ib qho kev tsim kho genomic los ntawm qhov kawg-sequenced tag nrho-genome shotgun clones. Structurally, ib tug scaffold muaj contigs thiab qhov khoob. Yog li ntawd, scaffolds yog tsim los ntawm chaining contigs ua ke thiab cais lawv los ntawm qhov khoob. Scaffold creation xav tau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus txheeb ze txoj hauj lwm thiab orientation ntawm contigs nyob rau hauv lub genome. Tag nrho-genome shotgun los ua ke aims ntawm sawv cev rau txhua genomic sequence nyob rau hauv ib tug scaffold. Tab sis, nws tsis tau heev. Yog li ntawd, ib qho chromosome tuaj yeem sawv cev los ntawm ntau qhov scaffolds. Qee zaum scaffolds tuaj yeem sib tshooj. Ntxiv mus, qee qhov scaffolds tuaj yeem lim tawm thaum lub rooj sib txoos.
Daim duab 02: Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Tag Nrho-Genome Shotgun Assembly
Qhov ntev ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsis pom nws qhov ntev. Feem ntau, qhov khoob yog arbitrarily teem rau qee qhov ntev ntev. Yog li ntawd, cov qhov khoob thiab qhov tsis paub tseeb hauv lawv qhov ntev tsim teeb meem hauv kev nkag siab qhov tseeb spatial kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hauv genomes thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ploj lawm. Qee lub sij hawm qhov khoob sawv cev rau cov ntaub ntawv genomic uas ploj lawm.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Contig thiab Scaffold?
- Txuas thiab scaffold yog genomic sequences ntawm nucleotide sequences.
- Scaffolds yog tsim los ntawm contigs thiab gaps.
Qhov txawv ntawm Contig thiab Scaffold yog dab tsi?
A contig yog ib ntu txuas ntxiv uas tau sib sau los ntawm cov kab sib txuas ua ke. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, ib tug scaffold yog ib feem ntawm genomic sequence reconstructed los ntawm chaining contigs ua ke. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm contig thiab scaffold. Ntxiv mus, contigs tsis muaj qhov khoob thaum contigs hauv scaffold yog sib cais los ntawm qhov khoob.
Hauv qab infographic tabulates ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm contig thiab scaffold.
Summary – Contig vs Scaffold
Ob qho tib si contig thiab scaffold yog reconstructed nucleotide sequences nyob rau hauv tag nrho-genome sequencing tej yaam num. Contig yog qhov txuas txuas ntxiv ntawm genomic ib ntus uas muaj A, C, G thiab T hauv paus tsis muaj qhov khoob. Lub scaffold yog ib tug genomic sequence muaj contigs thiab khoob. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom sib dhos luv tshaj plaws yog contigs thaum lub scaffolds yog assemblages ntawm contigs. Thaum kawg, scaffolds tau sib sau ua ke rau hauv chromosomes hauv tag nrho-genome sequencing. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm contig thiab scaffold.
