Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Leblanc thiab Solvay txheej txheem yog tias cov khoom pib hauv txheej txheem Solvay yog tus nqi ntau dua li cov khoom pib hauv Leblanc txheej txheem.
Leblanc txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem Solvay yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg ntawm sodium carbonate. Sodium carbonate yog ib qho inorganic compound uas muaj cov tshuaj formula Na2CO3. Cov khoom pib rau cov txheej txheem Leblanc yog sodium chloride, sulfuric acid, thee, thiab calcium carbonate. Cov khoom pib rau cov txheej txheem Solvay yog ntsev brine thiab limestone.
Tus Txheej Txheem Leblanc yog dab tsi?
Leblanc txheej txheem yog txheej txheem kev lag luam uas tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov sodium carbonate siv sodium chloride, sulfuric acid, thee, thiab calcium carbonate. Cov txheej txheem no los ntawm cov sector ntawm Chlor-alkali kev lag luam. Nicolas Leblanc tau tsim cov txheej txheem no hauv xyoo 1791. Tom qab ntawd, qee tus kws tshawb fawb suav nrog William Losh, James Muspratt, thiab Charles Tennant ntxiv cov txheej txheem no.
Daim duab 01: Leblanc txheej txheem
Muaj ob kauj ruam ntawm cov txheej txheem Leblanc: kev tsim cov sodium sulfate los ntawm sodium chloride thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium sulfate nrog thee thiab calcium carbonate ua sodium carbonate. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem no maj mam dhau los ua qhov tsis siv tom qab kev qhia txog txheej txheem Solvay.
Thawj kauj ruam ntawm cov txheej txheem Leblanc yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium chloride thiab sulfuric acid, uas ua rau sodium sulfate thiab hydrogen chloride. Cov kauj ruam thib ob muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ncuav qab zib ntsev thiab crushed limestone uas yog txo los ntawm cua sov nrog cov thee. Qhov thib ob theem no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob theem; thawj yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv carbothermic uas cov thee txo sulfate rau sulfide thaum lub sij hawm thib ob yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsim sodium carbonate thiab calcium sulfide. Cov khoom sib tov uas los ntawm theem ob yog hu ua cov hmoov tshauv dub. Peb tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov hmoov tshauv los yog sodium carbonate los ntawm cov hmoov tshauv dub no nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm dej. Qhov no extraction yog hu ua lixiviation; Ntawm no, cov dej thiab calcium sulfide yog evaporated, yielding sodium carbonate nyob rau hauv lub xeev khoom.
Txheej txheem Solvay yog dab tsi?
Solvay txheej txheem yog txheej txheem kev lag luam uas tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov sodium carbonate siv ntsev brine thiab limestone. Nws yog cov txheej txheem kev lag luam loj siv rau kev tsim cov sodium carbonate. Txoj kev no tseem hu ua ammonia-soda txheej txheem. Nws tau tsim los ntawm Ernest Solvay hauv xyoo 1860. Cov ntaub ntawv pib rau cov txheej txheem no tau yooj yim thiab pheej yig thiab. Vim li no, cov txheej txheem Solvay dominates dhau tus txheej txheem Leblanc.
Daim duab 02: Txheej txheem Solvay
Brine yog qhov chaw ntawm sodium chloride thiab limestone yog qhov chaw ntawm calcium carbonate. Muaj plaub qhov kev cuam tshuam yooj yim uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm Solvay txheej txheem: thawj kauj ruam suav nrog kev dhau ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide los ntawm cov kua dej ntshiab ntawm sodium chloride (brine) thiab ammonia. Ntawm no, sodium bicarbonate precipitates tawm ntawm cov tshuaj. Thib ob, sodium bicarbonate yog lim tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj yog tom qab ntawd kho nrog quicklime ua ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo. Raws li cov kauj ruam thib peb, cov sodium bicarbonate ces hloov mus rau hauv cov khoom kawg ntawm calcination. Thaum kawg, cov pa roj carbon dioxide uas ua los ntawm cov kauj ruam thib peb tau rov qab siv dua.
Qhov txawv ntawm Leblanc thiab Solvay txheej txheem yog dab tsi?
Leblanc txheej txheem thiab txheej txheem Solvay yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov sodium carbonate. Cov txheej txheem Leblanc suav nrog kev tsim cov sodium carbonate siv sodium chloride, sulfuric acid, thee, thiab calcium carbonate thaum Solvay txheej txheem suav nrog kev tsim cov sodium carbonate siv ntsev brine thiab limestone. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Leblanc thiab Solvay txheej txheem yog tias cov khoom pib hauv txheej txheem Solvay yog tus nqi ntau dua li cov khoom pib hauv Leblanc txheej txheem.
Hauv qab infographic qhia ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm Leblanc thiab Solvay txheej txheem.
Summary – Leblanc vs Solvay Process
Leblanc txheej txheem thiab txheej txheem Solvay yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov sodium carbonate. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Leblanc thiab Solvay txheej txheem yog tias cov khoom pib hauv txheej txheem Solvay yog tus nqi ntau dua li cov khoom pib hauv Leblanc txheej txheem.
Image Courtesy:
1. "Leblanc txheej txheem cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv" Los ntawm Sponk (hais lus) (Vectorization thiab xim) - Tus kheej ua haujlwm, raws li raster nraaj Soda nach Leblanc-p.webp
2. “Solvay Process” Los ntawm Eric A. Schiff, 2006. (CC BY-SA 2.5) ntawm Commons Wikimedia
