Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm aldohexose thiab ketohexose yog tias aldohexoses muaj ib pawg formyl, hos ketohexoses muaj pawg ketone.
Ob leeg aldohexoses thiab ketohexoses yog cov organic tebchaw uas tuaj yeem faib ua monosaccharides uas muaj rau carbon atoms. Ob hom no yog cov subclasses ntawm hexose, thiab lawv txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li pab pawg neeg ua haujlwm lawv dais.
Aldohexose yog dab tsi?
Aldohexoses yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj rau cov pa roj carbon atoms thiab ib pab pawg ua haujlwm formyl. Cov tebchaw no muaj carbonyl carbon atoms. Lub carbonyl carbon atom ntawm ib qho aldohexose yog nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm 1 ntawm rau-tus tswv cuab linear qauv ntawm monosaccharide. Cov carbonyl carbon no tsim ib pawg formyl uas yog luv los ntawm "-CHO". Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm aldoses. Ib qho aldose yog cov piam thaj molecule uas muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm formyl.
An aldohexose yog ib qho derivative ntawm aldehyde uas muaj cov qauv H–C(=O)–(CHOH)5–H. Ib qho piv txwv zoo tshaj yog cov piam thaj. Nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv linear, ib qho aldohexose muaj plaub chiral chaw; Yog li, muaj 16 qhov ua tau aldohexose stereoisomers, suav nrog 8 khub ntawm enantiomers.
Daim duab 01: D-Glucose
D-Glucose yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm aldohexose. Nws muaj rau carbon atoms nyob rau hauv ib tug saw, thiab muaj ib pab pawg neeg formyl ntawm txoj hauj lwm 1 ntawm linear qabzib qauv.
Ketohexose yog dab tsi?
Ketohexoses yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj rau cov pa roj carbon atoms thiab pawg ketone ua haujlwm. Nws yog ib qho derivative ntawm ketose qhov twg ketose yog ib qho qab zib molecule uas muaj ketone functional pawg. Cov ketohexoses muaj rau carbon atoms thiab carbonyl carbon nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm carbon saw. Yog li ntawd, cov pa roj carbon atom no tseem ceeb khi rau ob lwm cov pa roj carbon atoms (tsis yog khi rau ib qho hydrogen atoms) thiab ib qho oxygen atom (ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus). Hauv kev siv tshuaj lom neeg, feem ntau thiab tseem ceeb ketohexose yog fructose.
Nyob hauv nws cov qauv linear, ketohexose muaj cov carbonyl carbon centre ntawm txoj hauj lwm 2 lossis 3. Yog li ntawd, hauv cov qauv linear, ketohexose muaj peb lub chaw chiral thiab yim lub stereoisomers. Qhov no txhais tau tias plaub khub ntawm enantiomers tuaj yeem ua tau rau qhov sib xyaw no.
Daim duab 02: D-Fructose
D-fructose yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm ketohexoses. Cov tshuaj no muaj rau carbon atoms nyob rau hauv ib tug saw thiab cov carbonyl carbon yog nyob rau ntawm txoj hauj lwm 2 ntawm cov saw.
Qhov txawv ntawm Aldohexose thiab Ketohexose yog dab tsi?
Aldohexoses thiab ketohexoses yog ob pawg ntawm hexoses. Hexose yog ib qho monosaccharide compound uas muaj rau carbon atoms. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm aldohexose thiab ketohexose yog tias aldohexoses muaj ib pawg formyl thaum ketohexoses muaj ketone pawg.
Ntxiv mus, thaum xav txog txoj haujlwm ntawm carbonyl carbon nyob rau hauv cov tebchaw, aldohexose muaj carbonyl carbon ntawm txoj hauj lwm 1 thaum ketohexose muaj carbonyl carbon ntawm txoj hauj lwm 2 lossis 3. Txawm li cas los xij, ketohexoses muaj cov carbonyl carbon ntawm txoj hauj lwm 3 yog qhov tsis tshua muaj. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm aldohexose yog D-glucose thaum D-fructose yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm ketohexose uas tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob lom.
Cov lus qhia hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm aldohexose thiab ketohexose.
Summary – Aldohexose vs Ketohexose
A hexose yog ib qho monosaccharide compound uas muaj rau carbon atoms. Muaj ob hom loj ntawm hexoses li aldohexoses thiab ketohexoses, nyob ntawm seb cov pab pawg ua haujlwm no muaj. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm aldohexose thiab ketohexose yog tias aldohexoses muaj ib pawg formyl, thaum ketohexoses muaj ketone pawg.
