Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab thiab khoov molecules yog cov kab molecules muaj cov atoms sib txuas rau ib leeg, tsim cov molecule ncaj, whereas bent molecules muaj atoms teem nyob rau hauv ib tug khoov-zoo li lub kaum sab xis.
Cov ntsiab lus linear molecules thiab bent molecules piav qhia cov duab ntawm cov molecules sib txawv. Peb tuaj yeem faib cov tshuaj sib txawv rau hauv cov pab pawg sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov molecule; linear, angular / bent, planar, pyramidal, thiab lwm yam. Cov duab kab thiab khoov yog qhov yooj yim ntawm lawv.
Linear Molecules yog dab tsi?
Linear molecules yog cov molecules ncaj uas muaj lub kaum sab xis ntawm 180 degrees. Yeej, cov molecules no muaj lub hauv paus atom sib koom ua ke rau ob lub atoms ntawm ib leeg, lossis ob daim ntawv cog lus (qee zaum yuav muaj triple bonds thiab). Qhov polarity ntawm hom molecules no yog xoom yog tias ob lub atoms sib txuas zoo ib yam. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj ob lub atom sib txawv sib koom ua ke rau lub hauv paus atom uas tsim cov kab hluav taws xob, nws tsim cov polar compound. Tus lej sib koom ua ke ntawm lub hauv paus atom yog ob vim nws muaj ob lub atoms sib koom.
Daim duab 01: Cov duab ntawm ib kab molecule
Ntxiv mus, lub hauv paus atom feem ntau tsis muaj ib leeg electron khub lossis peb ib leeg electron khub. Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob muaj xws li carbon dioxide (lub hauv paus atom yog cov pa roj carbon thiab ob lub pa oxygen atom yog sib koom ua ke rau cov pa roj carbon monoxide ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus ua ib qho tsis muaj polar compound), acetylene (muaj triple bonded carbon moiety bonded rau ob hydrogen atoms ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus. tsim cov kab hluav taws xob molecule), hydrogen cyanide (muaj lub hauv paus carbon atom sib txuas rau ib qho hydrogen atom ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus thiab rau ib lub nitrogen atom ntawm triple daim ntawv cog lus), thiab lwm yam.
Dab tsi yog Bent Molecules?
Bent molecules yog angular molecules uas muaj lub kaum sab xis uas qis dua 180 degrees. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov molecules yog nonlinear molecules. Feem ntau ntawm cov sij hawm, qee cov atoms xws li oxygen daim ntawv khoov molecules vim lawv cov teeb tsa hluav taws xob. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub pob tw molecule yog txiav txim los ntawm electronegativity ntawm txhua lub atom nyob rau hauv lub molecule, uas ua rau lub repulsions los yog attraction ntawm lub atoms.
Daim duab 02: Puab ntawm Bent Molecule
Peb feem ntau tuaj yeem soj ntsuam qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov molecules hauv triatomic molecules thiab ions uas muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm pawg. Cov qauv khoov ntawm cov molecules no yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov muaj ib leeg electron khub hauv nruab nrab atom. Feem ntau cov piv txwv ntawm khoov molecules muaj xws li dej, nitrogen dioxide, CH2, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Kab thiab Bent Molecules yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab thiab khoov molecules yog cov kab molecules muaj cov atoms sib koom ua ke, tsim cov molecule ncaj, qhov nkhaus molecules muaj cov atoms teem nyob rau hauv ib tug khoov-zoo li lub kaum sab xis. Ntxiv mus, linear molecules yog cov molecules ncaj uas muaj lub kaum sab xis ntawm 180 degrees thaum khoov molecules yog angular molecules muaj lub kaum sab xis uas qis dua 180 degrees.
Cov infographic hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab thiab khoov molecules.
Summary – Linear vs Bent Molecules
Cov duab lossis geometry ntawm cov molecules sib txawv tuaj yeem siv los txheeb xyuas cov molecules rau ntau pawg. Linear thiab bent molecules yog ob pawg ntawm cov molecules. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm linear thiab bent molecules yog cov linear molecules muaj cov atoms sib txuas rau ib leeg, tsim ib qho ncaj molecule whereas bent molecules muaj cov atoms teem nyob rau hauv ib tug khoov-zoo li lub kaum sab xis.
