Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm polypeptides thiab polyamides yog tias polypeptides yog cov khoom siv polymer uas muaj ntau qhov kev rov ua dua ntawm cov amino acids, thaum polyamides yog cov ntaub ntawv polymer uas muaj ntau qhov rov ua dua ntawm amide pawg.
Ob leeg polypeptides thiab polyamides yog amine-muaj cov ntaub ntawv polymer. Polypeptides yog ib txwm tshwm sim bio-polymers whereas polyamides yog hluavtaws hluavtaws hluavtaws polymers.
Dab tsi yog Polypeptides
Polypeptides yog cov saw hlau ntawm cov amino acids thiab yog cov khoom siv roj ntsha polymer. Peptides tuaj yeem pom hauv cov protein; ib qho protein muaj ib los yog ntau dua polypeptide chains. Polypeptides muaj cov amino acids uas txuas rau ib leeg los ntawm peptide bonds, uas yog ib hom ntawm covalent tshuaj bonds. Muaj ob lub terminals nyob rau hauv ib tug polypeptide saw: N-terminal thiab C-terminal. N-terminal yog cov amino-terminal, uas xaus nrog ib pawg amino dawb, thaum C-terminal yog carboxyl-terminal, uas xaus nrog pawg dawb carboxyl. Peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov sib lawv liag ntawm cov amino acids tam sim no hauv peptide los ntawm kev soj ntsuam cov codons hauv mRNA uas tshwm sim hauv kev tsim cov polypeptide lossis cov protein los ntawm kev txhais cov qauv strand.
Daim duab 01: Glycosylation ntawm ib Polypeptide
Muaj plaub hom qauv ntawm cov proteins, nyob ntawm tus naj npawb thiab kev npaj ntawm polypeptides hauv cov protein.
- Primary qauv - Cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov protein muaj ib txoj hlua polypeptide uas muaj cov txuas txuas ntawm cov amino acids ntawm qee cov amino acids nyob rau hauv tib cov saw, uas ua rau cov qauv folded.
- Cov qauv Secondary - Cov qauv thib ob ntawm cov protein muaj ob hom loj: alpha-helix qauv thiab beta-daim ntawv qauv.
- Tertiary qauv - Qhov no yog cov qauv sib koom ua ke ntau heev. Cov qauv no tseem ceeb heev vim nws txiav txim siab ua haujlwm ntawm cov protein.
- Quaternary qauv - Qhov no yog cov qauv nyuaj ntawm ob lossis peb txoj hlua polypeptide uas txuas rau ib leeg.
YPolyamides yog dab tsi?
Polyamides yog cov ntaub ntawv polymer uas muaj ntau qhov rov ua dua ntawm cov pab pawg amide. Cov no yog cov thermoplastic elastomers uas muaj kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm lawv cov kev pabcuam siab kub, kev laus thaum tshav kub kub, thiab hnyav hnyav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov polymers no muaj cov qauv siab thiab cov khoom cuam tshuam, tsis tshua muaj coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam, thiab kev puas tsuaj siab. Nylon yog hom polyamide feem ntau siv thiab siv dav. Niaj hnub no, nylon polymer yog ib qho ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab dav siv polymers hauv Tebchaws Meskas.
Daim duab 02: Polyamide Fibers
Polyamides muaj pawg amide, uas yog pawg polar. Cov pawg polar no tso cai rau polyamides los tsim hydrogen bonds ntawm chains, yog li, txhim kho cov interchain attraction. Cov cuab yeej ntawm cov khoom siv polymer no txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm polyamide. Piv txwv li, nylon muaj hloov pauv aliphatic carbon pawg hauv cov saw hlau uas txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom los ntawm kev txo cov yaj viscosity. Lub zog thiab nruj ntawm cov khoom no txo qis thaum nce cov pa roj carbon atoms ntawm cov kev sib txuas ntawm amide. Yog li ntawd, qhov ntev ntawm cov pob txha hydrocarbon yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv polyamide. Vim lub polarity ntawm pawg amide, polar solvents, feem ntau yog dej, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau polyamides.
Muaj ob hom polyamides: aliphatic thiab aromatic polyamides. Nylon tuaj yeem yog aliphatic lossis semi-aromatic polyamide. Cov kev siv tseem ceeb ntawm polyamides muaj xws li radiator header tso tsheb hlau luam nyob rau hauv lub tshuab cua txias, keyboards, connectors, ignition Cheebtsam, sensors thiab lub cev muaj zog qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nws pib hluav taws xob systems, log trims, throttle li qub, engine npog, tshav kub resistant under-bonnet Cheebtsam, airbrake tubing, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Polypeptides thiab Polyamides yog dab tsi?
Ob leeg polypeptides thiab polyamides yog amine-muaj cov ntaub ntawv polymer. Polypeptides yog ib txwm tshwm sim bio-polymers thaum polyamides yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws hluavtaws. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm polypeptides thiab polyamides yog tias polypeptides yog cov khoom siv polymer uas muaj ntau qhov rov ua dua ntawm cov amino acids, hos polyamides yog cov ntaub ntawv polymer uas muaj ntau qhov rov ua dua ntawm amide pawg.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm polypeptides thiab polyamides.
Summary – Polypeptides vs Polyamides
Polypeptides yog ib txwm tshwm sim bio-polymers whereas polyamides yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws hluavtaws polymers. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm polypeptides thiab polyamides yog tias polypeptides yog cov khoom siv polymer uas muaj ntau qhov rov ua dua ntawm cov amino acids, hos polyamides yog cov ntaub ntawv polymer uas muaj ntau qhov rov ua dua ntawm amide pawg.
