Qhov txawv ntawm DNA thiab RNA nucleotide yog DNA nucleotide lossis deoxyribonucleotide muaj deoxyribose qab zib thaum RNA nucleotide lossis ribonucleotide muaj ribose qab zib.
Nucleotides yog chav tsev ntawm nucleic acids. Lawv yog cov tsev blocks lossis monomers ntawm DNA thiab RNA. Lawv txuas nrog ib leeg los tsim cov saw hlau polynucleotide, uas muab cov qauv rau DNA lossis RNA. Muaj peb yam tseem ceeb hauv ib lub nucleotide. Lawv yog cov nitrogenous puag, pentose qab zib (tsib carbon qab zib) thiab phosphate pawg. Muaj tsib lub hauv paus nitrogenous xws li Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine thiab Uracil. Thymine pom tsuas yog hauv DNA, thaum uracil tshwj xeeb rau RNA. Muaj ob hom tsib carbon suab thaj hauv nucleic acids. RNA muaj ribose qab zib thaum DNA muaj deoxyribose qab zib. Nucleotides muaj peb pawg phosphate txuas nrog pentose qab zib.
DNA Nucleotide yog dab tsi?
DNA nucleotide, tseem hu ua deoxyribonucleotide, yog chav tsev ntawm DNA. DNA nucleotides khi nrog ib leeg ntawm phosphodiester bonds thiab tsim polynucleotide sequences. Deoxyribonucleotide muaj tsib carbon qab zib deoxyribose. Ntxiv mus, nws muaj plaub hom nitrogenous bases; adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), thiab thymine (T). Nws kuj muaj ib pab pawg phosphate txuas nrog pentose qab zib.
Daim duab 01: Deoxyribonucleotide
De novo synthesis ntawm deoxyribonucleotide xav tau ib qho enzyme hu ua ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). Kev tsim yog tshwm sim los ntawm ribonucleotide. Tsis tas li ntawd, deoxyribonucleotides tuaj yeem muab tau los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab. Muaj plaub hom deoxyribonucleotides xws li ATP, CTP, GTP thiab TTP. Ntxiv mus, deoxyribonucleotides tuaj yeem yog monophosphates, diphosphates lossis triphosphates nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg pawg phosphate.
RNA Nucleotide yog dab tsi?
RNA nucleotide, tseem hu ua ribonucleotide, yog monomer lossis lub tsev thaiv ntawm RNA. Cov piam thaj ntawm ribonucleotide yog ribose qab zib. Ntxiv mus, ribonucleotide muaj ib qho ntawm plaub lub hauv paus nitrogenous: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), thiab uracil (U). Hauv RNA, adenine tsim hydrogen bonds nrog uracil, tsis zoo li hauv DNA.
Daim duab 02: Ribonucleotide
Ribonucleotide txo qis rau hauv deoxyribonucleotide los ntawm enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. Tsis tas li ntawd, ribonucleotides tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv ATP, uas yog lub zog txiaj ntawm cov hlwb lossis rau hauv cyclic AMP. Zoo ib yam li deoxyribonucleotide, ribonucleotides tuaj yeem ua ke ntawm novo.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm DNA thiab RNA Nucleotide?
- DNA thiab RNA nucleotides muaj peb lub ntsiab lus: tsib-carbon qab zib, phosphate pawg, thiab nitrogenous puag.
- Lawv yog lub tsev thaiv ntawm nucleic acids.
- Ribonucleotide reductase enzyme txo ribonucleotides rau deoxyribonucleotides.
- Ob leeg deoxyribonucleotides thiab ribonucleotides tsim nucleotide chains los ntawm kev tsim cov phosphodiester bonds.
- Ob hom nucleotides tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm de novo txoj kev.
Qhov txawv ntawm DNA thiab RNA Nucleotide yog dab tsi?
Deoxyribonucleotide yog lub tsev thaiv DNA uas muaj deoxyribose ua nws cov khoom qab zib. Tab sis, ribonucleotide yog monomer ntawm RNA uas muaj ribose raws li nws cov khoom qab zib. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm DNA thiab RNA nucleotide. Tsis tas li ntawd, DNA nucleotides muaj plaub hom nitrogenous hauv paus xws li adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), thiab thymine (T) thaum ribonucleotides muaj adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), thiab uracil (U).
Ntxiv mus, hauv DNA nucleotides, peb tuaj yeem pom ob hom puag khub; Adenine thiab Thymine khub (A-T) thiab Cytosine thiab Guanine khub (C-G). Hauv RNA, peb tuaj yeem pom Adenine thiab Uracil khub (A-U) thiab Cytosine thiab Guanine khub (C-G).
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm DNA thiab RNA nucleotide.
Summary – DNA vs RNA Nucleotide
DNA thiab RNA nucleotides yog lub tsev thaiv ntawm DNA thiab RNA, raws li. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm DNA thiab RNA nucleotide nyob ntawm pentose qab zib txhua tus muaj. DNA nucleotide muaj deoxyribose qab zib thaum RNA nucleotide muaj ribose qab zib. Ntxiv mus, DNA nucleotide muaj ib qho ntawm plaub hom A, T, C thiab G nitrogenous bases thaum RNA nucleotide muaj ib ntawm plaub hom A, U, C thiab G. Ob hom tuaj yeem ua ke ntawm novo txoj hauv kev.
