Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev khaws cia thiab kev pom zoo yog qhov kev khaws cia yog hais txog cov kab ke zoo sib xws ntawm nucleic acids lossis amino acids uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau hom lossis tib hom ntau tiam neeg thaum qhov kev pom zoo yog qhov feem ntau ntsib nucleotides sib lawv liag lossis amino acid sequence pom. nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb ntawm DNA lossis RNA lossis protein.
Cov kab mob sib xws nrog cov yam ntxwv sib txawv. Thaum kawm txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kab mob thiab muab faib rau lawv, genome lossis genetic pleev ntawm cov kab mob tseem ceeb heev. Muaj qee qhov nucleotide los yog amino acid sequences uas muaj ntau ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv. Kev txuag ib ntus yog nucleic acid lossis amino acid sequence uas zoo ib yam ntawm hom. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog phylogenetically tseem ceeb thaum tsim cov ntoo phylogenetic. Hauv kev khaws cia ua ntu zus, muaj cov nucleotide tshwj xeeb uas feem ntau pom. Lawv hu ua kev pom zoo ua ntu zus.
Txoj kev txuag yog dab tsi?
Ib qho kev khaws cia yog ib ntu nucleic acid lossis amino acid ib ntus uas zoo ib yam ntawm cov tsiaj. Yog li ntawd, nws yog zoo ib yam nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj thoob plaws evolution. Feem ntau, cov sequences no yog tswj los ntawm kev xaiv ntuj. Lawv nyob twj ywm unchanged deb rov qab mus rau tsob ntoo phylogenetic. Yog li ntawd, kev khaws cia ua ntu zus yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov ntoo phylogenetic. Nws ntseeg tau tias qhov kev txuag tau zoo heev feem ntau muaj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov kab mob caj ces thiab. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txuag sequences yuav yog coding lossis non-coding nucleic acid sequences. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev khaws cia ib ntus qhia qeeb qeeb ntawm kev hloov pauv. Yog li ntawd, lawv pom cov kev hloov pauv tsawg heev hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg; Qee zaum, lawv tsis pom kev hloov pauv txhua tiam.
Daim duab 01: Kev Tiv Thaiv Ib Ntus
RNA Cheebtsam ntawm ribosomes muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov domains ntawm lub neej, lub homeobox sequences nyob rau hauv eukaryotes, thiab tmRNA nyob rau hauv cov kab mob yog ob peb yam piv txwv ntawm heev conserved sequences. Kev txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem khaws cia yog ib qho yooj yim thaum bioinformatics mus txog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov cuab yeej sib txuas ua ke, tau siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau qhov kev sib txuas ua ke ua kom yooj yim rau kev pom ntawm kev khaws cia ua ntu zus.
Kev pom zoo yog dab tsi?
Ib qho kev pom zoo ib ntus yog ib ntu uas feem ntau pom nyob hauv thaj chaw khaws cia ntawm DNA lossis RNA. Nws yog ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm nucleotide ib ntus. Ua piv txwv, muaj kev pom zoo ua ntu zus ntawm -10 raws li TATAAT (Pribnow box) hauv E. coli cov neeg txhawb nqa, uas yog cov kev txuag tau zoo heev. Ib yam li ntawd, muaj lwm qhov kev pom zoo: TTGACA hauv E. coli txhawb nqa ntawm -35 ib yam. Kev pom zoo ib ntus kuj tseem hu ua "boxes".
Daim duab 02: Kev pom zoo ib ntus
Ntxiv rau DNA thiab RNA, cov proteins kuj muaj qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov amino acids. Protein binding sites feem ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm kev pom zoo ua ntu zus. Kev txwv enzymes kuj tseem muaj qhov kev pom zoo ua ntu zus. Ntxiv mus, splice sites kuj yog kev pom zoo ua ntu zus. Zoo ib yam li khaws cia ua ntu zus, cov kev pom zoo ib ntus tuaj yeem suav thiab pom los ntawm cov cuab yeej bioinformatics.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Pom Zoo Sequence?
- Kev txuag thiab kev pom zoo ib ntus yog nucleic acid lossis amino acids sequences uas muaj nyob thoob plaws hom.
- Ob qho tib si khaws cia thiab kev pom zoo ua ntu zus tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov cuab yeej bioinformatics.
- Lawv tau siv dav hauv molecular biology.
Qhov txawv ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Pom Zoo Sequence yog dab tsi?
Cov kab ke khaws cia yog nucleic acid lossis amino acid ib ntus uas zoo ib yam ntawm cov tsiaj thaum qhov kev pom zoo ua ntu zus yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab feem ntau pom hauv paus lossis amino acids hauv thaj chaw khaws cia. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev txuag thiab kev pom zoo ua ntu zus. Ntxiv mus, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev khaws cia thiab kev pom zoo ib ntus yog qhov kev khaws cia ua ntu zus yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum lub sijhawm pom zoo feem ntau yog qhov chaw sib txuas protein, qhov chaw sib txuas, txwv tsis pub txiav qhov chaw, thiab lwm yam.
Summary – Conserved vs Consensus Sequence
Kev khaws cia ua ntu zus yog cov kab ke ntawm nucleic acids lossis cov proteins uas zoo ib yam ntawm cov tsiaj nyob. Ib qho kev txhawb nqa, ribosome binding site, lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm replication thiab amino acid sequence ntawm histone protein yog ob peb yam piv txwv ntawm conserved sequences. Hauv qhov sib piv, qhov kev pom zoo ua ntu zus yog cov hauv paus tshwj xeeb lossis cov amino acids uas feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv qhov muab khaws cia ua ntu zus. -10 lub thawv, -35 lub thawv ntawm E. coli txhawb nqa, cov chaw sib txuas protein, cov chaw sib txuas thiab txwv cov enzymes paub qhov chaw yog ob peb yam piv txwv ntawm kev pom zoo ua ntu zus. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev txuag thiab kev pom zoo ua ntu zus.
