Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib npaug thiab qhov nruab nrab yog qhov sib npaug yog hais txog kev sib npaug ntawm cov atoms ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib npaug, whereas neutralization yog qhov sib npaug ntawm cov kua qaub lossis cov hauv paus kom tau txais cov tshuaj nruab nrab.
Txawm hais tias cov ntsiab lus sib npaug thiab nruab nrab suab zoo ib yam, lawv sib txawv ntawm ib leeg hauv lub ntsiab lus thiab daim ntawv thov. Txawm li cas los xij, ob nqe lus no hais txog kev sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj.
Kev sib npaug yog dab tsi?
Kev sib npaug yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ntsuas cov atoms ntawm kev sib npaug tshuaj lom neeg. Ntawm no, peb yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm cov atoms nyob rau sab reactant rau tus naj npawb ntawm atoms hauv cov khoom sab. Qhov no txhais tau tias atomicity ua ntej thiab tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yuav tsum sib npaug. Rau lub hom phiaj no, peb tuaj yeem siv stoichiometric coefficients nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm reactants thiab cov khoom (stoichiometric coefficient yog tus lej uas tshwm ua ntej lub cim ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv kev sib npaug rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov nqi no yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig).
Cov kauj ruam hauv qab no pab peb sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj sib npaug rau cov tshuaj lom neeg yooj yim.
- Sau qhov sib npaug tsis sib npaug. (E.g. C3H8 + O2 ⟶ CO2 + H2O)
- Txiav txim siab tus lej ntawm txhua lub atom tam sim no nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si sab thiab cov khoom lag luam. (nyob rau sab reactant muaj 8 hydrogen atoms, 3 carbon atoms thiab 2 oxygen atoms. Nyob rau hauv cov khoom, muaj 2 hydrogen atoms, 3 oxygen atoms thiab ib carbon atom).
- Txuag hydrogen thiab oxygen atoms kawg.
- Siv stoichiometric coefficients kom sib npaug ntawm cov ntsiab lus. (siv stoichiometric coefficient "3" nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm CO2) piv txwv li. C3H8+ O2 ⟶ 3CO2 + H2O
- Tshaj tus lej ntawm hydrogen atoms. (muaj 8 hydrogen atom nyob rau hauv reactant sab tab sis tsuas yog 2 nyob rau hauv cov khoom sab, yog li, peb yuav tsum siv lub stoichiometric coefficient 4 nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm H2O) e.g. C3H8+ O2 ⟶ 3CO2 + 4H2O
- Txhim tus lej ntawm cov pa oxygen. E.g. C3H8+ 5O2 ⟶ 3CO2 + 4H2O
Neutralization yog dab tsi?
Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov kua qaub thiab lub hauv paus, uas tsim cov tshuaj nruab nrab. Cov tshuaj nruab nrab yuav ib txwm muaj pH 7. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no suav nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm H + ions thiab OH– ions los tsim cov dej molecules.
Yog tias qhov kawg pH ntawm cov kua qaub thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw yog 7, qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias qhov sib npaug ntawm H + thiab OH- ions tau tshwm sim ntawm no (kom tsim cov dej molecule, ib H + ion thiab ib OH- ions yog xav tau). Cov reacted acids thiab bases tuaj yeem muaj zog lossis tsis muaj zog. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txawv nyob ntawm qhov tseeb no.
Daim duab 01: A Strong Acid–Strong Base Neutralization Titration
Muaj plaub yam sib txawv ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb: muaj zog acid-muaj zog hauv paus kev tshwm sim, muaj zog acid-tsis muaj zog hauv paus kev xav, tsis muaj zog acid-tsis muaj zog, thiab tsis muaj zog acid-tsis muaj zog. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau txais kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm qib sib txawv, nyob ntawm lub zog ntawm cov kua qaub thiab lub hauv paus.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib npaug thiab qhov nruab nrab?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib luag thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog tias kev sib npaug yog hais txog kev sib npaug ntawm cov atoms ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib npaug whereas neutralization yog qhov sib npaug ntawm cov kua qaub lossis cov hauv paus kom tau txais cov tshuaj nruab nrab. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib npaug suav nrog kev siv cov lej ntawm cov atoms hauv cov tshuaj reactants thiab cov khoom siv thiab siv cov oxidation xeev ntawm atoms, whereas neutralization yuav txiav txim siab lub zog ntawm acids thiab bases koom nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib npaug thiab nruab nrab.
Summary – Equalization vs Neutralization
Txawm hais tias lo lus sib npaug thiab nruab nrab suab zoo ib yam, lawv txawv ntawm ib leeg hauv kev txhais thiab daim ntawv thov. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib luag thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog tias kev sib luag yog hais txog kev ntsuas cov atoms ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib npaug, qhov nruab nrab yog ntsuas cov kua qaub lossis cov hauv paus kom tau txais cov tshuaj nruab nrab.
Image Courtesy:
2. "Titolazion" Los Ntawm Luigi Chiesa - Kos los ntawm Luigi Chiesa (Public Domain) ntawm Commons Wikimedia
