Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm endocytosis thiab transcytosis yog qhov endocytosis yog cellular mechanism uas cov cell uptake cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub cell los ntawm invagination ntawm lub cell membrane thiab tsim ib vesicle nyob ib ncig ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, thaum transcytosis yog ib tug cellular mechanism uas thauj ntau yam. macromolecules nyob rau sab hauv ntawm lub cell.
Cells coj cov khoom hauv thiab tshem tawm qee yam ntawm tes. Endocytosis thiab transcytosis yog ob hom cellular thauj mechanisms. Endocytosis pab txhawb nqa cov khoom nkag mus rau sab hauv ntawm lub cell ntawm internalization thiab vesicle tsim. Transcytosis pab txhawb kev thauj mus los ntawm ntau yam macromolecules thoob plaws hauv lub cell. Ob leeg endocytosis thiab transcytosis yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm tes.
YEndocytosis yog dab tsi?
Endocytosis yog ib qho txheej txheem ntawm tes uas pab coj cov tshuaj nkag mus rau sab hauv ntawm tes. Thaum cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tuaj txog ze ntawm lub plasma membrane, plasma membrane nyob ib puag ncig thiab sab hauv lawv. Tom qab ntawd nws buds tawm hauv lub cell, tsim ib lub vesicle uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv. Muaj peb hom endocytosis: phagocytosis, pinocytosis thiab receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Phagocytosis yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev noj cov khoom loj xws li cov khib nyiab ntawm tes, cov kab mob xws li cov kab mob, cov hlwb tuag, cov plua plav, cov khoom me me, thiab lwm yam, mus rau hauv lub cell los ntawm kev tsim phagosomes. Feem ntau ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob suav nrog cov ntaub so ntswg macrophages, neutrophils thiab monocytes yog cov kws tshaj lij phagocytic hlwb. Feem ntau, phagocytosis yog cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv uas rhuav tshem cov kab mob nkag los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv phagosomes thiab tom qab ntawd rhuav tshem lawv hauv cell. Ib qho kev ua lytic tshwm sim hauv lub xovtooj ntawm qhov chaw uas lysosome khi rau phagosome thiab tso tawm lytic enzymes los rhuav tshem cov kab mob los yog cov teeb meem los ntawm kev tsim cov phagolysosome.
Daim duab 01: Endocytosis
Pinocytosis yog lwm hom endocytosis uas cov kua dej ntxiv hauv lub cell los ntawm kev tsim cov vesicles me. Cov molecules me me uas raug tshem tawm hauv cov kua dej ntxiv yog thauj los ntawm cov txheej txheem no. Pinocytosis tsis xaiv cov molecules los thauj. Txawm li cas los xij cov me me molecules tam sim no hauv dej tau noj los ntawm pinocytosis. Li no, nws tsis yog suav tias yog ib qho txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. Nws kuj tsis yog ib qho kev ua tau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, pinocytosis tshwm sim hauv ntau lub hlwb. Qhov tseeb, pinocytosis yog ib qho kev thauj mus los ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv daim siab, lub raum hlwb, cov kab mob capillary thiab cov hlwb epithelial.
Receptor-mediated endocytosis yog hom thib peb ntawm endocytosis uas macromolecules raug coj los ntawm lub xovtooj xaiv los ntawm cov kua dej ntxiv. Cov txheej txheem no yog kho los ntawm receptors ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes thiab kev khi tshwj xeeb nrog cov macromolecules sab nraud ntawm tes. Receptors uas koom nrog hauv receptor-mediated endocytosis yog concentrated hauv clathrin-coated pits. Receptor-mediated endocytosis yog ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj molecules rau hauv cov hlwb, tsis zoo li pinocytosis. Cov khoom thauj sab hauv yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov receptors tam sim no ntawm lub cell membrane nto. Nws kuj yog cov txheej txheem ua tau zoo dua li pinocytosis.
YDab tsi yog Transcytosis?
Transcytosis yog ib hom kev thauj mus los ntawm macromolecules xws li enzymes, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov protein, thiab lwm yam. Hauv cov lus yooj yim, transcytosis yog ib txoj hauv kev thauj cov macromolecules thoob plaws hauv lub cell. Nws muaj ob qho tib si endocytosis thiab exocytosis. Los ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cell, macromolecules nkag mus rau hauv lub cell los ntawm endocytosis ces mus hla lub cell thiab mus txog rau lwm sab ntawm lub cell. Tom qab ntawd los ntawm exocytosis, macromolecules tawm ntawm lub cell. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, macromolecules raug ntes nyob rau hauv vesicles nyob rau hauv ib sab, ces lawv raug thauj mus rau hauv lub cell thiab lawv ejected ntawm lub cell ntawm exocytosis thaum kawg los ntawm lwm sab.
Daim duab 02: Transcytosis
Transcytosis feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov hlwb epithelial, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv secretary cells. Tsis tas li ntawd, transcytosis ua raws li cov txheej txheem yooj yim uas cov kab mob tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Endocytosis thiab Transcytosis?
- Ob leeg endocytosis thiab transcytosis yog ob txheej txheem ntawm tes.
- Transcytosis cuam tshuam nrog endocytosis ib yam nkaus.
- Ob lub tswv yim pab txhawb nqa cov khoom hauv lub cell.
- Cov txheej txheem no tsim cov membrane coated vesicles.
Qhov txawv ntawm Endocytosis thiab Transcytosis yog dab tsi?
Endocytosis yog txheej txheem cellular uas cov tshuaj coj mus rau hauv lub cell. Lub caij no, transcytosis yog ib hom kev thauj mus los ntawm cov cell uas thauj ntau yam macromolecules thoob plaws hauv lub cell. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm endocytosis thiab transcytosis. Tsis tas li ntawd, endocytosis txhawb nqa cov me me molecules, macromolecules, tshem tawm cov molecules, pathogens, thiab lwm yam, thaum transcytosis thauj ntau yam macromolecules xws li enzymes, proteins thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab lwm yam nyob rau sab hauv ntawm lub cell los ntawm ib sab mus rau lwm sab ntawm lub cell. cell thiab tso tawm ntawm lub cell. Yog li, qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm endocytosis thiab transcytosis. Tsis tas li, transcytosis cuam tshuam nrog exocytosis, tsis zoo li hauv endocytosis.
Summary – Endocytosis vs Transcytosis
Endocytosis yog txheej txheem cellular uas cov cell membrane ntes cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub hnab tshos uas hloov mus rau hauv lub vesicle thiab nqa nws cov ntsiab lus mus rau lub cell sab hauv thaum transcytosis yog ib tug transcellular txheej txheem uas yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ib sab ntawm ib tug cell, thauj. lawv hla lub cell nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim nyias nyias-coated vesicles thiab tso tawm rau lwm sab ntawm lub cell. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm endocytosis thiab transcytosis.
