Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm X inactivation thiab genomic imprinting yog X inactivation yog cov txheej txheem uas ib daim qauv ntawm X chromosome yog inactivated nyob rau hauv ib co poj niam, thaum genomic imprinting yog ib tug txheej txheem uas nyob ntawm niam txiv ntawm keeb kwm thiab nws yog tus txheej txheem nyob rau hauv uas cov ntawv luam ntawm cov noob tau qhia txawv.
X inactivation thiab genomic imprinting yog ob txheej txheem uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev qhia monoallelic. Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, ob qho tib si tshwm sim ua rau kev xa tawm ntawm ib daim qauv ntawm cov noob. Genomic imprinting tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov noob tshwj xeeb, thaum X inactivation ua rau inactivation ntawm cov noob hauv tag nrho X chromosome. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho txheej txheem ua rau txo qis ntawm cov noob caj noob ces.
X Inactivation yog dab tsi?
X inactivation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib co poj niam. Nws yog inactivation ntawm ib tug X chromosome, uas dhau los ua ib tug transcriptionally inactive qauv nyob rau hauv X inactivation. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, X chromosome yuav nyob twj ywm tsis muaj zog thoob plaws lub neej ntawm lub cell thiab nws cov xeeb ntxwv hauv lub cev. Lub inactivated X chromosome condenses rau hauv ib tug compact qauv hu ua Barr lub cev, thiab nws yog ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib tug ntsiag to lub xeev.
Daim duab 01: X Inactivation
X txheej txheem inactivation yog nyob ntawm kev tswj ntawm ob qho tsis-coding ntxiv RNAs. Ntxiv mus, X inactivation tuaj yeem tshwm sim random lossis vim imprinting. Tsis tas li ntawd, X inactivation tsis tshwm sim hauv cov txiv neej, uas tsuas muaj ib qho X chromosome.
Genomic Imprinting yog dab tsi?
Offspring tau txais ob daim qauv ntawm cov noob los ntawm nws niam nws txiv. Ib daim ntawv yog los ntawm leej niam thiab lwm qhov yog los ntawm leej txiv. Ob daim ntawv theej ntawm cov noob feem ntau ua haujlwm lossis hauv daim ntawv nquag. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tsuas yog ib daim ntawv theej tseem nyob hauv nws daim ntawv nquag thaum lwm tus nyob hauv daim ntawv tsis ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, ib daim ntawv raug muab "rau" thaum lwm qhov yog "tawm". Yog li, qhov no yog txheej txheem hu ua genomic imprinting. Genomic imprinting feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug kab mob, thiab nws tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm ib txwm Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv genomic imprinting, cov gene copy uas yog active nyob ntawm niam txiv ntawm keeb kwm.
Daim duab 02: Genomic Imprinting
Nyob rau hauv tib neeg, tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov noob tau txais genomic imprinting. Feem ntau ntawm cov noob tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li genomic imprinting. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tseem pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov qauv kev sib raug zoo evolutionary. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov noob imprinted feem ntau ua ke ua ke hauv thaj chaw chromosome. Hauv tib neeg, muaj ob pawg loj ntawm cov imprinted noob nyob rau hauv luv (p) caj npab ntawm chromosome 11 thiab ntev (q) caj npab ntawm chromosome 15.
Genomic imprinting tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob vim kev tshem tawm lossis hloov pauv hauv cov noob caj noob ces. Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm hom kab mob caj ces yog Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome, txiv neej infertility thiab qee hom qog nqaij hlav.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm X Inactivation thiab Genomic Imprinting?
- Ib daim gene tuaj yeem muab tua vim yog X inactivation thiab genomic imprinting.
- ob leeg ua rau muaj kab mob caj ces.
Qhov txawv ntawm X Inactivation thiab Genomic Imprinting yog dab tsi?
X inactivation yog hais txog inactivation ntawm tag nrho X chromosome nyob rau hauv ib co poj niam tsiaj. Hauv qhov sib piv, genomic imprinting yog hais txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv luam ntawm cov noob nyob ntawm niam txiv ntawm keeb kwm. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm X inactivation thiab genomic imprinting.
Ntxiv mus, X inactivation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho X chromosome, thaum genomic imprinting tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tej yam noob caj noob ces. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem xav txog qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm X inactivation thiab genomic imprinting.
Summary – X Inactivation vs Genomic Imprinting
X inactivation yog txheej txheem uas ib tag nrho X chromosome ua inactivated nyob rau hauv ib co poj niam. Hauv qhov sib piv, genomic imprinting yog txheej txheem uas ob daim ntawv theej ntawm cov noob tau qhia txawv. Nws nyob ntawm niam txiv ntawm keeb kwm. Genomic imprinting tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm Mendelian ib txwm muaj. Ob leeg X inactivation thiab genomic imprinting yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev qhia monoallelic ntawm cov noob. Txawm li cas los xij, X inactivation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho X chromosome thaum genomic imprinting tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qee cov noob caj noob ces. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm X inactivation thiab genomic imprinting.
