Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Ultrafiltration vs Reverse Osmosis
Kev lim dej yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev muab dej huv rau cov zej zog. Muaj ntau cov kauj ruam koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem dej huv uas suav nrog cov txheej txheem lom neeg, tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev. Ultrafiltration yog cov txheej txheem uas cov dej tau lim los ntawm cov lim membrane kom cais tawm cov molecules tam sim no hauv cov qauv dej uas muaj qhov hnyav molecular ntawm 103 - 106 Da. Rov qab osmosis yog ib txoj kev uas cov dej tau dhau los ntawm ib qho semi-permeable membrane tiv thaiv cov concentration gradient. Reverse osmosis membrane muaj peev xwm tsis kam lees cov khoom uas muaj qhov hnyav molecular >300 Da. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob txoj haujlwm yog qhov loj ntawm cov khoom lim los ntawm ob daim nyias nyias. Ultrafiltration lim cov molecules me me uas tsis muaj qhov hnyav molecular whereas Rov qab osmosis tuaj yeem lim tawm cov molecules loj dua nrog qhov hnyav dua molecular.
Ultrafiltration yog dab tsi?
Ultrafiltration (UF) yog hom membrane pom. Nws siv hydrostatic siab los quab yuam cov kua - cov qauv dej thoob plaws lub semi-permeable membrane. Lub membrane yog tsim los ntawm nitrocellulose nrog ib tug me me pore ntawm txog 0.22µm los yog 0.45µm. Ultrafiltration feem ntau yog siv los tshem tawm cov kab mob thiab lwm yam kab mob hauv cov qauv. Nws kuj tseem siv los tshem tawm cov ions me me, cov khoom hnyav molecular thiab cov organic teeb meem uas cuam tshuam xim, saj, thiab tsw rau dej.
Daim duab 01: Ultrafiltration
Lub teeb Ultrafiltration ntiav cov hollow ntev fiber ntau tsim los ntawm cov khoom membranous. Cov dej pub dej ntws hauv lub cell los yog hauv lumen ntawm fiber. Cov dej ntws los ntawm lub qhov hws ntawm lub lim dej yuav tso cai rau cov kua nplaum thiab cov khoom khaws cia. Cov dej lim dej thiab cov khoom hnyav molecular tsawg dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias. Lub qhov hluav taws xob dej tom qab ntawd dhau mus rau lwm cov txheej txheem ua kom huv hauv qab uas suav nrog cov txheej txheem kho tshuaj.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm Ultrafiltration yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv rau kev ua kom huv thiab tsom mus rau macromolecular (103 - 106 Da) cov kev daws teeb meem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tshuaj protein. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib cais yog nyob ntawm qhov loj. Cov khoom siv uas cov membrane npaj tau kuj qee zaum muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev pom nrawm thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm Ultrafiltration yog;
- Nws tsis siv tshuaj los ntxuav.
- Nws yog raws li cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm kev sib cais loj.
- Nws siv tau los tshem tawm ob qho tib si thiab kab mob.
- Nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau.
Reverse Osmosis yog dab tsi?
Rov qab Osmosis yog cov txheej txheem uas lub siab ntau dua li qhov hydraulic siab yog siv rau lub kaw lus thiaj li tso cai rau kev txav ntawm cov dej los ntawm cov khoom siv semi-permeable. Qhov kev txav yuav tshwm sim tawm tsam qhov concentration gradient. Cov membranes uas siv rau hauv rov qab osmosis yog hu ua Reverse Osmosis (RO) Membranes. Cov ntaub ntawv uas feem ntau siv los npaj ua lag luam RO daim nyias nyias yog polyamide nyias zaj duab xis sib xyaw (TFC), cellulose acetate (CA) thiab cellulose triacetate (CTA). Nyob ntawm seb cov khoom siv daim nyias nyias qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov txheej txheem yog hloov.
Daim duab 02: Rov qab osmosis
Kev teeb tsa rov qab osmosis yog tsim los ntawm qhov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob. Cov fibers no tau khi ua ke los ua kom thaj chaw saum npoo av rov qab osmosis. Thaum cov dej ntws mus rau qhov siab, cov dej thiab cov molecules me me dhau los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv semi-permeable. Qhov no khaws cov khoom loj thiab cov khoom seem uas tsis xav tau. Tom qab ntawd cov dej lim tau dhau los ua cov dej ntws qis.
RO daim nyias nyias tuaj yeem lim tawm tag nrho cov khoom nrog rau cov kab mob, cov khoom organic, ions thiab lwm yam khoom. Kev pom ntawm cov molecules loj mus txog qhov hnyav molecular ntawm >300 Da yog ua tau nrog cov txheej txheem rov qab osmosis.
Qhov zoo ntawm rov qab osmosis hauv dej huv yog,
- Nyob zoo.
- tuaj yeem lim tawm yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom suav nrog ions thiab cov hlau hnyav.
- Yuav siv tau los tshem tawm cov xov tooj cua los ntawm cov qauv dej.
- Kev siv tshuaj tsawg tsawg.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Ultrafiltration thiab Reverse Osmosis?
- Ob leeg yog cov txheej txheem dej huv raws li kev sib cais ntawm lub cev / pom.
- Ob leeg siv daim nyias nyias hauv cov txheej txheem pom.
- Ob qhov kev teeb tsa tau npaj rau hauv qhov khoob fiber ntau nrog daim nyias nyias.
- Nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev, cov khoom me me xws li cov organic, inorganic tshuaj, ions, microbes thiab cov plua plav me me los yog cov kab mob yog lim tawm thiab khaws cia.
- Cov daim nyias nyias siv hauv ob txoj kev yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv cellulose lossis cov khoom siv hluavtaws.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ultrafiltration thiab Reverse Osmosis yog dab tsi?
Ultrafiltration vs Reverse Osmosis |
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| Ultrafiltration yog cov txheej txheem uas cov dej tau lim los ntawm cov lim membrane kom cais tawm cov molecules tam sim no hauv cov qauv dej. | Rov qab osmosis yog cov txheej txheem uas cov dej tau dhau los ntawm ib qho permeable membrane tiv thaiv cov concentration gradient uas tau yooj yim los ntawm kev kub siab. |
| Molecular hnyav ntawm cov khoom sib cais | |
| 103 -106 Da | >300 Da |
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Summary – Ultrafiltration vs Reverse Osmosis
Cov txheej txheem ultrafiltration thiab thim rov qab osmosis yog ua haujlwm hauv cov dej ntws qis ntawm cov dej haus. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm ob txoj kev no yog los muab kev nyab xeeb, dej haus rau pej xeem. Ultrafiltration siv lub membrane lim los lim tawm cov kab mob me me thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kab mob. Rov qab osmosis tuaj yeem lim tawm cov molecules loj thiab yog li ntawd, yog tus nqi ntau dua thiab siv tau zoo.
Download PDF Version ntawm Ultrafiltration vs Reverse Osmosis
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline lub hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Ultrafiltration thiab Reverse Osmosis
