Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm stannic thiab stannous chloride yog tias stannic chloride muaj +4 oxidation lub xeev ntawm tin, whereas stannous chloride muaj +2 oxidation xeev ntawm tin.
Cov npe stannic thiab stannous xa mus rau cov tshuaj tin uas muaj ob lub xeev oxidation sib txawv. Stannic chloride yog tin (IV) chloride thaum stannous chloride yog tin (II) chloride.
Stannic Chloride yog dab tsi?
Stannic chloride yog tin (IV) chloride. Nws tseem hu ua tin tetrachloride, uas yog ib qho inorganic compound muaj cov tshuaj formula SnCl4. Cov tshuaj no yog cov kua tsis muaj xim hygroscopic uas ua rau fuming thaum sib cuag nrog huab cua. Nws muaj cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab. Qhov kev sib xyaw no yog qhov tseem ceeb raws li qhov ua ntej rau kev tsim cov tin-muaj cov khoom sib txuas. Nws tau pom los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb Andreas Libavius.
Daim duab 01: Stannic Chloride Compound
Peb tuaj yeem npaj stannic chloride los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm chlorine gas thiab tin hlau ntawm 115 degrees Celsius. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib xyaw no ua kom muaj zog ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm 33 degrees Celsius. Qhov no solidification muab monoclinic crystals, thiab cov qauv no yog isostructural nrog SnBr4. Muaj ntau lub npe hu ua hydrates ntawm stannic chloride, xws li daim ntawv pentahydrate. Cov qauv hydrated muaj cov dej molecules ntxiv uas txuas cov stannic chloride molecules ua ke los ntawm hydrogen bonds.
Thaum xav txog kev siv stannic chloride, daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj no yog ua ntej rau cov organotin tebchaw uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li catalysts thiab polymer stabilizers. Peb tuaj yeem siv qhov sib xyaw no hauv cov txheej txheem sol-gel txhawm rau npaj SnO2 txheej, nanocrystals ntawm SnO2, thiab lwm yam.
Dab tsi yog Stannous Chloride?
Stannous chloride yog tin (II) chloride. Nws zoo nkaus li dawb crystalline khoom muaj cov tshuaj formula SnCl2. Daim ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj no yog daim ntawv dihydrate, tab sis cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm stannous chloride zoo li ua rau hydrolysis thaum cov tshuaj kub. Ntxiv mus, SnCl2 tau dav siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis, thiab nws kuj tseem ceeb hauv cov da dej electrolytic rau tin-plating. Cov khoom dawb no tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw, uas yog qhov txawv ntawm stannic chloride.
Lub SnCl2 molecule muaj ib leeg electron khub; Yog li ntawd, lub molecule no muaj ib tug bent geometry nyob rau hauv nws cov roj theem. Thaum cov khoom siv-state ntawm stannous chloride raug txiav txim siab, nws tsim cov qauv saw hlau uas txuas nrog chloride txuas hniav.
Daim duab 02: Cov qauv ntawm Stannous Chloride nyob rau theem sib txawv
Peb tuaj yeem npaj stannous chloride los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov roj halogen chloride qhuav ntawm cov hlau tin. Peb tuaj yeem tsim daim ntawv dihydrate los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo sib xws siv HCl acid. Tom qab ntawd, cov dej tam sim no hauv cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshem tawm ntawm evaporation kom tau cov muaju ntawm dihydrate stannous chloride. Daim ntawv dihydrate no tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev qhuav dej rau daim ntawv tsis muaj dej siv acetic anhydride.
Muaj ntau ntau yam kev siv stannous chloride nrog rau cov tin plating ntawm hlau, raws li ib tug mordant nyob rau hauv textile dyeing vim hais tias nws muab ci xim nrog ib co dyes, raws li ib tug tiv thaiv tiv thaiv enamel yaig nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav, raws li ib tug catalyst nyob rau hauv lub Kev tsim cov khoom siv PLA yas, ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Stannic thiab Stannous Chloride yog dab tsi?
Cov npe stannic thiab stannous xa mus rau cov tshuaj tin uas muaj ob lub xeev oxidation sib txawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm stannic thiab stannous chloride yog tias stannic chloride muaj +4 oxidation lub xeev ntawm tin, whereas stannous chloride muaj +2 oxidation xeev ntawm tin. Thaum xav txog kev npaj ntawm ob lub tebchaw, stannic chloride tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine thiab cov hlau tin ntawm 115 degrees Celsius. Stannous chloride tuaj yeem ua los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov roj halogen chloride qhuav ntawm tin hlau.
Hauv qab infographic teev ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm stannic thiab stannous chloride.
Summary – Stannic vs Stannous Chloride
Cov npe stannic thiab stannous xa mus rau cov tshuaj tin uas muaj ob lub xeev oxidation sib txawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm stannic thiab stannous chloride yog tias stannic chloride muaj +4 oxidation lub xeev ntawm tin, whereas stannous chloride muaj +2 oxidation xeev ntawm tin.
