Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ionization thiab electrolysis yog tias ionization yog tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj hluav taws xob, hos electrolysis yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tam sim no los ua cov tshuaj tsis muaj zog.
Ionization thiab electrolysis yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv chemistry lub cev. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua cov txheej txheem ionization. Electrolysis tuaj yeem siv los ua ionize tshuaj hom.
Ionization yog dab tsi?
Ionization yog txheej txheem tshuaj uas cov atoms lossis molecules tau txais tus nqi zoo lossis tsis zoo. Nws tshwm sim vim yog tshem tawm lossis tau txais electrons los ntawm atoms lossis molecules, feem. Ntawm no, cov ions tshwm sim yog lub npe hu ua cations lossis anions, nyob ntawm tus nqi lawv muaj, piv txwv li cations yog qhov zoo them ions thiab anions tsis zoo them ions. Yeej, poob ntawm electrons los ntawm ib tug nruab nrab atom los yog ib tug molecule tsim ib cation thiab qhov nce ntawm electrons los ntawm ib tug nruab nrab atom muab ib tug tsis zoo nqi, tsim ib tug anion.
Thaum ib qho hluav taws xob raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov nruab nrab gaseous atom los ntawm kev ntxiv ntawm lub zog, nws tsim ib qho monovalent cation. Nws yog vim hais tias ib tug nruab nrab atom muaj sib npaug ntawm cov electrons thiab protons, uas ua rau tsis muaj nqi net; Thaum peb tshem tawm ib qho hluav taws xob los ntawm lub atom, muaj ib qho ntau tshaj proton uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob los ua kom nws cov nqi. Yog li ntawd, lub atom tau txais tus nqi +1 (nws yog tus nqi ntawm cov proton). Tus nqi ntawm lub zog xav tau rau qhov no yog thawj lub zog ionization ntawm lub atom.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ionization uas tshwm sim hauv cov kua dej yog tsim cov ions hauv cov tshuaj. Piv txwv li, thaum HCl molecules yaj hauv dej, hydronium ions (H 3O+) raug tsim. Ntawm no, HCl reacts nrog dej molecules thiab cov ntaub ntawv zoo them hydronium ions thiab tsis zoo nqi chloride (Cl–) ions.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ionization tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tsoo. Tab sis, hom ionization no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov pa roj thaum muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no dhau los ntawm cov roj. Yog hais tias cov electrons nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no muaj ib tug txaus npaum li cas ntawm lub zog yuav tsum tau tshem tawm electrons los ntawm cov pa roj molecules, lawv yuav quab yuam tawm electrons los ntawm cov pa roj molecules, ua ion khub uas muaj xws li ib tug zoo ion thiab tsis zoo electron. Ntawm no, cov ions tsis zoo kuj tsim vim qee cov electrons nyiam txuas rau cov roj molecules es tsis rub cov electrons tawm.
Daim duab 01: Txheej Txheem Ionization
Ntxiv mus, ionization tshwm sim thaum hluav taws xob hluav taws xob lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txaus dhau los ntawm cov khoom khib nyiab, kua lossis roj; Piv txwv li, alpha hais, beta hais, thiab gamma tawg tuaj yeem ionize cov khoom; Yog li ntawd, peb hu lawv ua ionizing hluav taws xob.
Electrolysis yog dab tsi?
Electrolysis yog txheej txheem ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob ncaj qha los tsav cov tshuaj tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg. Peb tuaj yeem ua qhov no los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab electrolytic. Cov txheej txheem ntawm electrolysis yog ib qho tseem ceeb los cais ib qho chaw rau hauv nws cov ions lossis lwm yam khoom.
Hauv electrolysis, hluav taws xob tam sim no dhau los ntawm kev daws teeb meem rau kev txav ntawm ions hauv cov tshuaj ntawd. Ib lub xovtooj ntawm electrolytic muaj ob lub electrodes raus hauv tib txoj kev daws teeb meem. Thiab, cov tshuaj no yog cov electrolyte. Ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov cell electrolytic yog "dhau lub peev xwm". Peb yuav tsum muab qhov hluav taws xob ntau dua txhawm rau ua kom muaj qhov tsis zoo tshwm sim. Ntawm no, ib qho inert electrode kuj tseem siv tau los muab qhov chaw rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim.
Daim duab 02: Electrolysis ntawm Tshuaj ntsev
Muaj ntau daim ntawv thov ntawm electrolysis. Ib daim ntawv thov siv yog electrolysis ntawm dej. Ntawm no, dej yog electrolyte. Tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov dej molecules rau hauv hydrogen thiab oxygen gases yog ua tiav siv cov hluav taws xob tam sim no uas dhau los ntawm electrolyte.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ionization thiab Electrolysis yog dab tsi?
Ionization thiab electrolysis yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv chemistry lub cev. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ionization thiab electrolysis yog tias ionization yog tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj hluav taws xob, hos electrolysis yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tam sim no los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog.
Thaum xav txog cov txheej txheem, ionization tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim ntau qhov laj thawj xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab nruab nrab thiab cov ionizing tus neeg sawv cev, vim kev sib tsoo, vim hluav taws xob ionizing, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho cov txheej txheem no ua rau ob qho tib si. Kev tshem tawm lossis ntxiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv tshuaj, piv txwv li tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob ua ib qho cation thiab tau txais ib qho hluav taws xob ua ib qho anion. Electrolysis kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev uas peb tuaj yeem siv rau ionization ntawm cov tebchaw. Yog li, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm ionization thiab electrolysis.
Summary – Ionization vs Electrolysis
Ionization thiab electrolysis yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv chemistry lub cev. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ionization thiab electrolysis yog tias ionization yog tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj hluav taws xob, qhov electrolysis yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tam sim no los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog.
