Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Gametogenesis vs Embryogenesis
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev yug me nyuam, gametogenesis thiab embryogenesis yog ob yam tseem ceeb. Kev txuas ntxiv ntawm lub neej hauv ntiaj teb tsuas yog nyob ntawm kev tsim tawm ntawm cov kab mob. Thaum muaj kev sib deev, gametes yog tsim los ntawm gametogenesis. Hauv tib neeg, ob hom gametes raug tsim. Lawv yog poj niam gametes (qe) thiab txiv neej gametes (sperms). Cov gametes sib sau ua ib lub zygote los ntawm fertilization. Embryogenesis yog kev loj hlob ntawm zygote mus rau hauv lub fetus. Nrog rau mitosis thiab meiosis, gametogenesis cuam tshuam nrog cell faib los ntawm ob qho tib si mitosis thiab meiosis, tab sis, thaum lub sij hawm embryogenesis cell faib tsuas yog los ntawm mitosis. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm gametogenesis thiab embryogenesis.
Gametogenesis yog dab tsi?
Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim gametes yog hu ua gametogenesis. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev yug me nyuam. Gametogenesis yog ob hom, txiv neej gametogenesis (spermatogenesis) thiab poj niam gametogenesis (oogenesis). Spermatogenesis thiab oogenesis tshwm sim hauv gonads; testis thiab zes qe menyuam feem. Ob txheej txheem ua tiav peb theem; multiplication, loj hlob, thiab maturation. Gametogenesis cuam tshuam nrog meiosis qhov twg ob pawg ntawm haploid (n) chromosomes yog tsim los ntawm ob qho tib si spermatogenesis thiab oogenesis.
Spermatogenesis yog txheej txheem uas tsim cov txiv neej gametes; cov phev. Cov txheej txheem no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub epithelial hlwb ntawm seminiferous tubules. Cov tubules seminiferous yog cov qauv muaj nyob rau hauv lub testis. Thaum pib, mitosis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub epithelium qhov chaw ceev ceev ntawm cell division ua rau tsim ntau spermatogonia uas tom qab ntawd mus rau hauv diploid (2n) thawj spermatocyte. Thawj cov spermatocyte dhau mus rau thawj theem meiosis (meiosis I) uas ua rau haploid (n) cov spermatocytes thib ob. Txhua tus thawj spermatocyte muab nce mus rau ob theem nrab spermatocytes. Qhov thib ob spermatocytes ua tiav meiosis II uas ua rau tsim ntawm 04 spermatids los ntawm txhua qhov thib ob spermatocyte. Cov spermatids ua rau cov phev paub tab.
Cov txheej txheem yog tswj hwm los ntawm hypothalamus thiab anterior pituitary. Lub hypothalamus secretes GnRH (gonadotrophin tso cov tshuaj hormones) uas nkoos lub anterior pituitary tso tawm follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) thiab Luteinizing hormone (LH). Ob qho tshuaj hormones koom nrog hauv kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov phev. LH kuj txhawb kev tsim cov testosterone uas ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm spermatogonia. Tus nqi ntawm spermatogenesis yog tswj los ntawm kev tawm tswv yim tsis zoo uas cuam tshuam los ntawm glycoprotein hormone; Inhibin tso tawm los ntawm Sertoli hlwb. Inhibin txo tus nqi ntawm spermatogenesis los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau lub anterior pituitary uas inhibits qhov tso tawm ntawm FSH.
Daim duab 01: Gametogenesis
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov poj niam gametes yog hu ua oogenesis. Oogenesis pib tshwm sim hauv Oogonium, thiab cov poj niam qe raug tsim ua ntej yug. Oogonia yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm fetal theem. Lawv raug mitosis, thiab thawj oocytes yog tsim los ntawm kev faib cell ceev. Nws yog npog los ntawm ib txheej ntawm cov hlwb hu ua granulose cells. Tag nrho cov qauv yog hu ua primordial follicles. Thaum yug los, ib tug poj niam tus me nyuam muaj ob lab ntawm cov primordial follicles. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm cov me nyuam, cov thawj oocytes tseem nyob rau hauv prophase theem ntawm thawj theem ntawm meiosis (meiosis I). Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm kev puberty, tus naj npawb ntawm primordial follicles txo mus rau 60000 txog 80000 hauv txhua lub zes qe menyuam. Meiosis kuv ua tiav qhov tsim ntawm haploid (n) oocyte theem nrab. Lub zes qe menyuam ua tiav meiosis II thaum cov txheej txheem fertilization tiav. Zoo ib yam li spermatogenesis, GnRH, LH, thiab FSH koom nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm oogenesis. Tus nqi yog tswj los ntawm progesterone.
Embryogenesis yog dab tsi?
Embryogenesis yog txheej txheem uas txoj kev loj hlob ntawm zygote tshwm sim thaum cov txheej txheem fertilization tiav. Fertilization txheej txheem yog thawj kauj ruam ntawm embryogenesis. Lub zygote yog tsim los ntawm fusion ntawm haploid (n) txiv neej phev nrog lub haploid (n) poj niam ovum. Lub zygote yog diploid (2n) qauv. Lub zygote tau dhau los ntawm ntau theem kev loj hlob uas suav nrog kev faib cov hlwb, tsim thiab rov tsim cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem no hu ua embryogenesis.
Thaum pib, lub zygote faib sai heev uas ua rau muaj cov qauv uas muaj ntau lub hlwb hu ua blastocyst. Cov hlwb hauv blastocyst faib thiab ua rau tsim cov kab noj hniav hollow hu ua blastocoel. Cov kab noj hniav hollow ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm lub cev.
Lub blastocyst txav raws lub raj tso rau hauv lub tsev menyuam thiab txuas mus rau phab ntsa uterine. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua implantation. Lub tsev menyuam yog qhov chaw uas tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab yuav tshwm sim. Thaum txuas, cov hlwb ntawm phab ntsa uterine faib thiab loj hlob nyob ib ncig ntawm blastocyst. Qhov no ua rau kev tsim ntawm amniotic kab noj hniav.
theem tom ntej yog gastrulation, uas yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm embryogenesis. Cov txheej txheem no ua rau kev tsim ntawm peb txheej kab mob; ectoderm, endoderm thiab mesoderm. Lub ectoderm ua rau lub paj hlwb thiab txheej txheej txheej ntawm lub cev uas suav nrog cov rau tes thiab daim tawv nqaij thiab lwm yam. Cov endoderm koom nrog hauv kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm lub cev; excretory system, digestive system thiab ua pa system. Mesoderm ua rau lub cev pob txha, cov hlab plawv system, kev ua me nyuam thiab cov leeg thiab ob lub raum.
Daim duab 02: Embryogenesis
Thaum gastrulation tiav lawm neurulation pib. Thaum lub sij hawm neurulation, neural phaj tsim los ntawm ectoderm folds uas hloov nws mus rau ib tug neural raj. Qhov no yog ua raws li kev txhim kho tag nrho ntawm lub paj hlwb. Embryogenesis ua tiav thiab ua tiav los ntawm kev tsim cov ntshav cell thiab organogenesis thiab thaum kawg xaus rau hauv kev tsim cov fetus tiav thaum tag nrho cov theem kev loj hlob tiav.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Gametogenesis thiab Embryogenesis?
- Ob txheej txheem koom nrog hauv txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim tawm.
- Ob txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog kev faib cell.
Qhov txawv ntawm Gametogenesis thiab Embryogenesis yog dab tsi?
YGametogenesis vs Embryogenesis |
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| Gametogenesis yog txheej txheem uas txiv neej thiab poj niam gametes tsim. | Embryogenesis yog tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub embryo thaum lub zygote raug tsim los ntawm fertilization. |
| Yam ntawm tes tsim | |
| Gametogenesis tsim gametes uas yog haploid (n) hlwb. | Embryogenesis tsim ib lub embryo uas yog diploid (2n) cell. |
| Mitosis lossis Meiosis | |
| Thaum gametogenesis, ob qho tib si mitosis thiab meiosis tshwm sim. | Thaum lub sijhawm embryogenesis, tsuas yog mitosis tshwm sim. |
Summary – Gametogenesis vs Embryogenesis
Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim gametes yog hu ua gametogenesis. Gametogenesis suav nrog spermatogenesis thiab oogenesis uas ua rau muaj kev tsim ntawm haploid (n) phev thiab qe. Cells faib los ntawm meiosis thiab mitosis. Embryogenesis yog kev loj hlob ntawm zygote los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm txiv neej thiab poj niam gametes. Lub zygote loj hlob mus rau hauv lub embryo thiab ces mus rau hauv ib tug tag nrho fetus. Embryogenesis tsuas yog siv mitosis rau cell faib. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm Gametogenesis thiab Embryogenesis.
Download the PDF Version of Gametogenesis vs Embryogenesis
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline lub hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Gametogenesis thiab Embryogenesis
