Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Txiv neej vs Poj Niam Gametogenesis
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev yug me nyuam, gametogenesis yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Kev tsim tawm tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb (03) theem tseem ceeb; gametogenesis, fertilization, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm embryo. Gametogenesis yog txheej txheem uas gametes tsim. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm txiv neej thiab poj niam gametogenesis uas txiv neej gametogenesis koom nrog kev tsim cov phev hu ua spermatogenesis thaum poj niam gametogenesis koom nrog kev tsim cov qe (qe) hu ua oogenesis. Ob txheej txheem coj qhov chaw hauv gonads; spermatogenesis nyob rau hauv lub testis thiab oogenesis nyob rau hauv lub zes qe menyuam. Ob qho txheej txheem pib txhim kho los ntawm txheej txheej txheej ntawm cov hlwb ntawm gonads hu ua germinal epithelium. Ob txoj kev koom nrog peb theem; multiplication, loj hlob, thiab maturation. Spermatogenesis thiab oogenesis koom nrog meiosis, uas ua rau muaj ob pawg ntawm haploid (n) chromosomes; Secondary spermatocyte thiab oocyte los ntawm diploid (2n) thawj spermatocyte thiab oocyte. Ob qho tib si maturation divisions coj qhov chaw thiab ua kom tiav nyob rau hauv lub testis. Kev faib ua thawj zaug tshwm sim hauv zes qe menyuam, thiab kev loj hlob theem nrab yuav tshwm sim sab nraum zes qe menyuam thaum pib fertilization.
Txiv neej Gametogenesis yog dab tsi?
Txiv neej gametogenesis txheej txheem hu ua spermatogenesis; ua rau kev tsim cov phev. Nws yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub testis ntawm cov txiv neej, thiab cov txheej txheem yog pib los ntawm lub epithelial hlwb ntawm cov kab mob txheej ntawm lub seminiferous tubules, ib tug qauv nyob rau hauv lub testis. Vim mitosis thiab rov faib cell nyob rau hauv cov kab mob epithelium, ntau spermatogonia raug tsim. Cov spermatogonia no loj hlob thiab loj hlob mus rau hauv thawj spermatocyte. Thawj cov spermatocytes yog haploid (2n) uas tau txais kev faib meiotic (meiosis I) los tsim cov spermatocytes thib ob uas yog haploid (n). Los ntawm ib tug thawj spermatocyte, ob theem nrab spermatocytes yog tsim. Cov haploid (n) spermatocytes raug meiosis II los tsim plaub (04) spermatids (n). Mature sperms (n) yog tsim los ntawm txhua tus spermatid (n). Cov phev yog cov qauv ntev nrog ob qhov sib txawv; lub taub hau cheeb tsam thiab tus Tsov tus tw. Nws yog 2.5µm inch thiab 50 µm nyob rau hauv ntev. Lub taub hau cheeb tsam muaj ib qho acrosome, hloov kho lysosome, uas pab nkag mus rau hauv lub zes qe menyuam thiab ib tug nucleus nrog ib tug haploid tooj ntawm chromosomes (23 khub).
Daim duab 01: Spermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis yog tswj los ntawm kev ua ntawm hypothalamus thiab anterior pituitary. Lub hypothalamus secretes ib yam tshuaj hu ua gonadotropin-tso hormone (GnRH), uas activates lub anterior pituitary thiaj li tso tawm ob gonadotrophin cov tshuaj hormones; follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) thiab Luteinizing hormone (LH). LH stimulates zus tau tej cov testosterone, uas yog ib tug steroid hormone uas koom nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm spermatogonia nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov phev. Inhibin, glycoprotein hormone, yog tso tawm los ntawm Sertoli hlwb (somatic hlwb ntawm lub testis) uas tsim ib tug tsis zoo tswv yim mechanism los txo tus nqi ntawm spermatogenesis los ntawm kev cuam tshuam lub anterior pituitary inhibit qhov tso tawm ntawm FSH.
Poj niam Gametogenesis yog dab tsi?
Oogenesis yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov poj niam gametes hu ua poj niam gametogenesis. Qhov no tshwm sim thawj zaug hauv cov kab mob hu ua Oogonium. Cov qe yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov poj niam ua ntej yug. Thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus poj niam fetus, ntau oogonia raug tsim. Cov oogonia no tau txais kev faib tawm sai sai txhawm rau tsim cov oocytes thawj. Cov oocytes tseem ceeb no tseem nyob hauv qhov prophase ntawm meiosis I thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Thawj oocyte yog nyob rau hauv ib txheej ntawm cov hlwb hu ua granulose hlwb. Qhov no ua rau cov qauv hu ua primordial follicles. Thaum yug los, nyob ib ncig ntawm ob lab ntawm primordial follicles. Tab sis nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev puberty, tus lej no txo mus rau 60000 txog 80000 ntawm cov hauv paus hauv paus hauv txhua lub zes qe menyuam. Cov follicles muaj cov kua dej puv kab noj hniav hu ua antrum.
Daim duab 02: Oogenesis
Tus thawj oocytes ua tiav ob txoj kev loj hlob; Meiosis I thiab Meiosis II. Thaum lub sij hawm meiosis kuv ob qhov sib npaug haploid (n) tus ntxhais hlwb raug tsim; ib tug loj thib ob oocyte (n) thiab ib tug me me thawj polar lub cev. Lub cev polar no dhau mus rau meiosis II thiab tsim lub cev polar thib ob. Tsis tas li ntawd, meiosis II ntawm oocyte theem nrab tsim lub zes qe menyuam uas yog haploid (n) nrog ob lub cev polar txuas. Cov cev nqaij daim tawv no tsis koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem kev xeeb tub yog li degenerate nrog lub sijhawm. Cov tshuaj hormones koom nrog hauv oogenesis zoo ib yam li cov spermatogenesis uas suav nrog GnRH los ntawm hypothalamus los pib tso LH thiab FSH los ntawm anterior pituitary. Progesterone cuam tshuam txog kev txwv oogenesis.
Qhov Zoo sib xws ntawm Txiv Neej thiab Poj Niam Gametogenesis yog dab tsi?
- Ob txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog meiosis.
- Ob txheej txheem pib nrog cov hlwb hauv cov kab mob epithelium.
- Ob txheej txheem koom nrog peb theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob (theem multiplication, theem loj hlob thiab maturation stage).
Qhov txawv ntawm Txiv neej thiab poj niam Gametogenesis yog dab tsi
Txiv neej Gametogenesis vs Poj Niam Gametogenesis |
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| Txiv neej gametogenesis hu ua spermatogenesis uas ua rau cov phev tsim. | Poj niam gametogenesis yog txheej txheem uas tsim cov poj niam gametes. |
| Ob qho tib si maturation divisions tau tshwm sim thiab ua tiav hauv testis thaum txiv neej gametogenesis. | Thawj maturation faib tshwm sim nyob rau hauv zes qe menyuam thiab theem nrab maturation division tshwm sim sab nraum lub zes qe menyuam thaum pib fertilization thaum lub sij hawm oogenesis. |
| YPib Division | |
| Ib tug thawj spermatocyte tsim los ntawm kev faib ua ob theem spermatocytes hauv txiv neej gametogenesis. | Ib tug thib ob oocyte thiab lub cev polar yog tsim los ntawm thawj oogenesis hauv poj niam gametogenesis. |
| Secondary Division | |
| Ob spermatids yog tsim los ntawm kev faib cov spermatocyte theem nrab hauv txiv neej gametogenesis. | Lub zes qe menyuam thiab lub cev polar yog tsim los ntawm kev faib cov oocyte theem nrab hauv poj niam gametogenesis. |
| Kev tsim ntawm lub cev polar | |
| Tsis muaj lub cev polar tsim thaum txiv neej gametogenesis. | Polar lub cev tsim los ntawm kev faib ntawm ob qho tib si thawj thiab theem nrab oocytes hauv poj niam gametogenesis. |
| Results | |
| Plaub spermatozoa yog tsim los ntawm ib tug spermatogonium thaum txiv neej gametogenesis. | Oogonium tsim tsuas yog ib lub zes qe menyuam thaum poj niam gametogenesis. |
Summary – Txiv neej vs Poj Niam Gametogenesis
Gametogenesis yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim gametes. Qhov no suav nrog spermatogenesis; txiv neej gametogenesis thiab oogenesis; poj niam Gametogenesis. Spermatogenesis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub testis. Oogenesis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv zes qe menyuam ntawm poj niam thiab pib nyob rau theem fetus. Ob txheej txheem yog pib los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm cov kab mob epithelium ntawm gonads thiab koom nrog meiosis. Hauv spermatogenesis, ob qho tib si maturation divisions tau tshwm sim thiab ua tiav hauv qhov testis. Nyob rau hauv oogenesis, thawj maturation faib tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub zes qe menyuam thiab theem nrab maturation division tshwm sim sab nraum lub zes qe menyuam thaum pib fertilization. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm txiv neej gametogenesis thiab poj niam gametogenesis.
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