Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Symport vs Antiport
Lub cell membrane yog ib qho kev xaiv permeable membrane uas cais cov cell ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud. Nws ua raws li kev txwv rau ntau cov molecules thiab tswj cov molecules uas hla ntawm daim nyias nyias. Qhov concentration ntawm molecules sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm lub cell membrane sib txawv. Qee cov molecules yog passively thauj mus rau hauv daim nyias nyias raws cov concentration gradient yam tsis tau siv zog. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov molecules thiab ions raug thauj mus los ntawm cov cell membrane los ntawm thaj tsam ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab mus rau thaj tsam ntawm cov concentration siab tiv thaiv cov concentration gradient. Nws yuav tsum muaj lub zog tawm tswv yim, thiab nws yog siv los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg tawg ntawm ATP rau ADP. Kev thauj mus los thib ob yog kev thauj cov molecules hla lub cell membrane, siv lub zog hauv lwm cov ntaub ntawv tshaj li ATP. Thaum lub sij hawm thib ob active thauj, molecules yog thauj vim ib tug electrochemical gradient generated los ntawm tsiv lwm molecule hla lub membrane nrog rau cov molecule ntawm kev txaus siab. Symport thiab antiport yog ob hom proteins koom nrog hauv kev thauj mus los theem nrab. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm symport thiab antiport yog tias nyob rau hauv symport, ob lub molecules los yog ions raug thauj mus rau tib txoj kev hla lub membrane thaum nyob rau hauv antiport, ob molecules los yog ions yog thauj nyob rau hauv opposite lus qhia nyob rau hauv lub membrane.
Symport yog dab tsi?
Muaj cov proteins transmembrane hauv cov cell membrane kom yooj yim rau kev thauj mus los ntawm daim nyias nyias. Cov proteins no nthuav dav thoob plaws lipid bilayer ntawm daim nyias nyias thiab ua haujlwm raws li lub rooj vag tso cai rau kev thauj cov khoom tshwj xeeb hla daim nyias nyias. Symport yog ib hom transmembrane protein koom nrog hauv kev thauj mus los theem nrab. Kev thauj ob hom molecules los yog ions nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev ib zaug nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias yog ib tug tshwj xeeb ntawm lub symporter. Cov molecules me me xws li qab zib, Na+ yog thauj hla cov membrane los ntawm symporters hauv daim nyias nyias. Cov piam thaj molecules txav los ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab mus rau qhov siab siab vim yog symport proteins. Qab zib molecules yog cotransported nrog sodium ions los yog protons.
Nyob rau hauv symporter, ib lub molecule txav mus raws cov electrochemical gradient thaum hom thib ob ntawm molecule txav tawm tsam qhov concentration gradient.
Daim duab 01: Symporter
Antiport yog dab tsi?
Antiport molecules lossis Antiporter yog cov protein ntau transmembrane hauv cell membrane. Nws koom nrog hauv kev thauj mus los theem nrab ntawm cov molecules hla lub cell membrane. Antiport proteins muaj peev xwm cotransport ob txawv molecules los yog ions nyob rau hauv lub membrane nyob rau hauv opposite lus qhia ib zaug. Thaum ib lub molecule nkag mus rau hauv lub cell, lwm molecule tawm hauv lub cell. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg tiv thaiv kuj tseem hu ua exchangers lossis counter transporters thiab. Muaj ntau ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub cell membrane.
HCl yog tso rau hauv lub lumen hauv plab los ntawm anion thauj protein uas yog cov khoom tiv thaiv uas thauj HCO 3– thiab Cl – in opposite directions. Sodium potassium twj tso kua mis yog lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv daim nyias nyias. Nws pab kom tswj tau qhov qis ntawm sodium ions hauv lub cell. Thaum cov piam thaj concentration ntawm cov cell yog tsawg, nws yuav tsum tau uptake qab zib molecules nyob rau hauv. Rau qhov ntawd, sodium ion concentration yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab hauv lub cell thiaj li tsim tau cov tshuaj electrochemical gradient. Yog li, sodium ions yog co-transported nrog potassium ions los ntawm sodium potassium antiport system. Sodium calcium exchanger yog lwm antiporter nyob rau hauv cell membrane. Calcium ions raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cell los ntawm tus neeg tiv thaiv no thaum tso cai rau sodium ions nkag mus rau hauv lub cell.
Daim duab 02: Sodium Potassium Antiporter thiab Sodium Glucose Symporter
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Symport thiab Antiport?
- Symporter thiab antiporter yog ib qho membrane protein
- Ob leeg cov proteins thauj cov molecules thiab ions hla lub cell membrane.
- Ob hom yog koom nrog kev thauj mus los thib ob.
- Ob lub proteins hla tag nrho cov cell membrane.
Qhov txawv ntawm Symport thiab Antiport yog dab tsi?
Symport vs Antiport |
|
| Symport yog transmembrane protein molecule nyob rau hauv lub cell membrane uas thauj ob hom molecules los yog ions nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev hla lub membrane. | Antiport yog transmembrane protein nyob rau hauv lub cell membrane uas thauj ob hom molecules los yog ions nyob rau hauv opposite lus qhia hla lub membrane. |
| Molecules Direction | |
| Nyob rau hauv symport system, ob lub molecules txav mus rau tib qho kev taw qhia. | Nyob rau hauv lub cev tiv thaiv, ob lub molecules txav mus rau qhov sib txawv. |
| Examples | |
| Piv txwv ntawm symport systems muaj xws li sodium qab zib twj thiab hydrogen qab zib twj. | Piv txwv ntawm cov tshuab tiv thaiv muaj xws li sodium poov tshuaj twj tso kua mis, sodium calcium exchanger, bicarbonate chloride twj, sodium hydrogen antiporter, thiab lwm yam. |
Summary – Symport vs Antiport
Molecules thiab ions raug thauj mus los ntawm cov cell membrane los ntawm ntau lub tshuab. Passive diffusion, yooj yim diffusion, nquag thauj, thiab kev thauj mus los theem nrab yog ntau hom ntawm lawv. Kev thauj membrane tau yooj yim los ntawm cov protein sib txawv cuam tshuam nrog cov cell membrane. Symporters thiab antiporters yog ob hom transmembrane proteins koom nrog hauv kev thauj mus los theem nrab. Symporters ib txhij thauj ob lub molecules sib txawv nyob rau hauv tib qho kev taw qhia hla lub cell membrane. Antiporters ib txhij thauj ob lub molecules sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv lub cell membrane. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm symport thiab antiport.
Download PDF Version of Symport vs Antiport
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li cov ntawv sau tseg. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Symport thiab Antiport.
