Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm penicillin thiab cephalosporin yog tias penicillin muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau β-lactamases, whereas cephalosporin tsis tshua raug rau β-lactamases.
Ob leeg penicillin thiab cephalosporin yog tshuaj tua kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj no ua los ntawm inhibiting transpeptidases (lub enzyme uas catalyzes lub synthesis ntawm peptidoglycan).
Penicillin yog dab tsi?
Penicillin yog tshuaj tua kab mob uas peb siv tawm tsam ntau yam kab mob. Lub npe penicillin yog siv rau ib pawg tshuaj xws li penicillin G, penicillin V, procaine penicillin thiab benzathine penicillin. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm penicillin yog Alexander Fleming xyoo 1928.
Daim duab 1: Alexander Fleming
Ntxiv mus, cov tshuaj no muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm staphylococci thiab streptococci. Cov tshuaj no yog thawj cov tshuaj rau cov kab mob, thiab txawm tias niaj hnub no, lawv tau siv dav. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau hom kab mob tau tsim tawm tsam cov tshuaj no tam sim no.
Cov metabolism ntawm penicillin tshwm sim hauv daim siab, thiab kev tshem tawm ib nrab ntawm lub neej yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 0.5 txog 56 teev. Lub excretion ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub raum. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj hauv kev ntawm kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj no suav nrog kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj, kev tswj hwm txoj hlab ntshav thiab kev tswj hwm intramuscular. Qee qhov kev phiv tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Diarrhoea
- Hypersensitivity
- Ntaus
- Raws
- Neurotoxicity
- Utricaria
- Superinfection, thiab lwm yam.
Cephalosporin yog dab tsi?
A cephalosporin yog ib pawg ntawm β-lactam tshuaj tua kab mob tau los ntawm cov kab mob Acremonium. Muaj ib pab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj no hu ua "cephems". Ntxiv mus, qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cephalosporin yog xyoo 1945 los ntawm Italian kws kho mob Giuseppe Brotzu. Peb siv cov tshuaj no los kho cov kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, thawj tiam ntawm cephalosporin yog nquag tawm tsam cov kab mob gram-zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg mob tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj no yog tias lawv tsis haum rau penicillin. Nws yog vim lub hom phiaj lom neeg rau cov tshuaj no yog penicillin-binding proteins.
Daim duab 01: Daim Ntawv Teev Cov Tshuaj nyob rau hauv Cephalosporin Drug Class
Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj no ib yam nkaus:
- Diarrhoea
- Ntaus
- Raws
- Electrolytic cuam tshuam
- Mob thiab mob ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Penicillin thiab Cephalosporin yog dab tsi?
Ob leeg penicillin thiab cephalosporin yog pawg tshuaj tua kab mob. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm penicillin thiab cephalosporin yog tias penicillin muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau β-lactamases, thaum cephalosporin tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau β-lactamases. Thaum xav txog thawj qhov kev tshawb pom, penicillin tau pom los ntawm Alexander Fleming, thiab cephalosporin tau pom los ntawm Italian kws tshuaj Giuseppe Brotzu.
Summary – Penicillin vs Cephalosporin
Ob leeg penicillin thiab cephalosporin yog pawg tshuaj tua kab mob. Tab sis, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm penicillin thiab cephalosporin yog tias penicillin muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau β-lactamases, whereas cephalosporin tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau β-lactamases.
