Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm aflatoxin thiab mycotoxin yog tias aflatoxin yog hom tshuaj lom mycotoxin tsim los ntawm Aspergillus hom, thaum mycotoxin yog cov metabolite thib ob uas tsim los ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kab mob thiab tuag rau tib neeg thiab lwm yam tsiaj.
Qee cov kab mob ua rau tib neeg thiab lwm yam tsiaj. Lawv invade tsiaj hlwb, pub thiab loj hlob rau lawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj lwm txoj kev uas cov fungi tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob. Lawv yog cov thib ob metabolites uas yog co toxins. Qee cov fungi, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov pwm, tsim cov metabolites thib ob hu ua mycotoxins. Cov fungi no loj hlob ntawm cov zaub mov thiab tso mycotoxins. Thaum peb noj cov zaub mov uas muaj cov kab mob mycotoxins, nws ua rau muaj ntau yam teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau peb. Muaj ntau pua ntawm mycotoxins sib txawv. Ntawm lawv, aflatoxin yog cov tshuaj lom tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau ntsib mycotoxin tsim los ntawm Aspergillus hom. Li no, tsab xov xwm no piav qhia luv luv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm aflatoxin thiab mycotoxin.
Aflatoxin yog dab tsi?
Aflatoxin yog ib hom mycotoxin tsim los ntawm hom Aspergillus. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj lom mycotoxins. Tsis tas li ntawd, aflatoxins yog cov neeg tuag taus thiab carcinogenic. Tsis tas li ntawd, aflatoxins feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom zaub mov, xws li cereals (pob kws, sorghum, nplej thiab mov), oilseeds (soybean, peanut, sunflower thiab paj rwb noob), spices (chili peppers, dub kua txob, coriander, turmeric thiab qhiav) thiab ntoo txiv ntoo (pistachio, almond, walnut, txiv maj phaub thiab Brazil txiv ntoo). Aspergillus hom xws li Aspergillus flavus thiab Aspergillus parasiticus tsim cov tshuaj lom aflatoxins heev. Ntxiv mus, muaj plaub yam loj ntawm aflatoxins: B1, B2, G1, thiab G2. Ntawm lawv, aflatoxin B1 yog qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm cov carcinogen.
Daim duab 01: Aflatoxin B1
Aflatoxicosis yog lub xeev mob lom lom ntawm aflatoxins, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub siab puas tsuaj. Ntxiv mus, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau DNA puas thiab tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav xws li mob qog noj ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab.
Mycotoxin yog dab tsi?
Lo lus 'mycotoxin' txhais tau tias "cov tshuaj lom fungus". Hauv cov lus yooj yim, lawv yog cov tshuaj lom neeg tsim los ntawm pwm. Cov pwm no loj hlob ntawm ntau yam khoom noj xws li cereals, txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, txiv ntseej, txuj lom, thiab lwm yam thiab tsim ntau hom tshuaj lom neeg metabolites. Aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, patulin, fumonisins, zearalenone thiab nivalenol / deoxynivalenol yog ntau hom mycotoxins. Ntawm lawv, aflatoxins yog cov tshuaj lom thiab carcinogenic tshaj plaws. Ntxiv mus, mycotoxins ua rau muaj ntau yam tsis zoo rau tib neeg thiab lwm yam tsiaj. Feem ntau, lawv ua rau mob hnyav thiab tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav thiab. Tsis tas li cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv, mycotoxins tuaj yeem ua teeb meem nrog kev ruaj ntseg zaub mov thiab khoom noj khoom haus.
Daim duab 02: Mycotoxin
Qhov hnyav ntawm mycotoxin lom thiab cov tsos mob yuav txawv ntawm tib neeg vim lawv nyob ntawm ntau yam xws li hom mycotoxin, tus nqi thiab lub sijhawm ntawm qhov raug, hnub nyoog, kev noj qab haus huv, poj niam txiv neej, vitamin deficiency, haus cawv, thiab kab mob sib kis, thiab lwm yam.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Aflatoxin thiab Mycotoxin?
- Aflatoxin yog mycotoxin.
- Ob aflatoxin thiab mycotoxin yog fungal co toxins uas yog cov metabolites theem nrab.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tau tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob fungi.
- Tsis tas li, lawv ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam kev noj qab haus huv rau tib neeg thiab lwm yam tsiaj, suav nrog mob qog noj ntshav, inhibition ntawm protein synthesis, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob, dermal irritation, thiab lwm yam metabolic perturbations.
- Lawv feem ntau pom ntawm zaub mov.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, tib neeg kis tau cov co toxins ncaj qha los ntawm kev noj thiab tsis ncaj los ntawm cov tsiaj uas tau noj cov zaub mov tsis huv.
- Kev tsim cov mycotoxins thiab aflatoxins yog hom tshwj xeeb.
Qhov txawv ntawm Aflatoxin thiab Mycotoxin yog dab tsi?
Aflatoxin yog mycotoxin tsim los ntawm hom Aspergillus. Mycotoxin yog ib qho metabolite thib ob ntawm cov pwm uas yog cov tshuaj lom neeg. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm aflatoxin thiab mycotoxin. Ntxiv mus, muaj plaub hom aflatoxins li B1, B2, G1 thiab G2 thaum muaj ntau hom mycotoxins xws li aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, patulin, fumonisins, zearalenone thiab nivalenol / deoxynivalenol, thiab lwm yam. Qhov txawv ntawm aflatoxin thiab mycotoxin.
Summary – Aflatoxin vs Mycotoxin
Mycotoxins yog cov metabolites thib ob ntawm cov pwm uas muaj cov tshuaj lom. Mycotoxin ntau lawm yog lwm txoj hauv kev ua rau cov kab mob los ntawm cov kab mob fungi. Muaj ntau hom mycotoxins, ntawm lawv, aflatoxins yog hom tshuaj lom tshaj plaws ntawm mycotoxins uas tsim los ntawm Aspergillus hom. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm aflatoxin thiab mycotoxin.
