Qhov Sib txawv ntawm Wave thiab Particle Nature ntawm Lub Teeb

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Qhov Sib txawv ntawm Wave thiab Particle Nature ntawm Lub Teeb
Qhov Sib txawv ntawm Wave thiab Particle Nature ntawm Lub Teeb

Video: Qhov Sib txawv ntawm Wave thiab Particle Nature ntawm Lub Teeb

Video: Qhov Sib txawv ntawm Wave thiab Particle Nature ntawm Lub Teeb
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Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nthwv dej thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb yog qhov nthwv dej ntawm lub teeb hais tias lub teeb tuaj yeem coj tus cwj pwm zoo li hluav taws xob nthwv dej, qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb hais tias lub teeb muaj cov khoom hu ua photons.

Wave-particle dual yog lub tswvyim hauv quantum mechanics. Nws hais tias tag nrho cov hais thiab quantum cov koom haum tsis yog tsuas yog tus cwj pwm yoj xwb tab sis kuj yog tus cwj pwm coj. Cov ntsiab lus classical "yoj" thiab "particle" tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia txog tus cwj pwm ntawm quantum-scale khoom; Yog li, txoj kev xav yoj-particle dual yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov no.

Wave Nature of Light yog dab tsi?

Ib nthwv dej yog ib ntus oscillation uas lub zog kis tau los ntawm qhov chaw. Wave xwm ntawm lub teeb hais tias lub teeb yog ib hom electromagnetic yoj. Tib neeg tuaj yeem pom nthwv dej no. Thawj qhov kev piv txwv ntawm lub nthwv dej ntawm lub teeb yog siv cov kev sim ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab cuam tshuam.

Kev tsim lub teeb yog los ntawm ib qho ntawm ob txoj hauv kev - incandescence lossis luminescence. Incandescence yog qhov emission ntawm lub teeb los ntawm cov teeb meem kub thaum luminescence yog lub emission ntawm lub teeb thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm zoo siab electrons mus rau hauv av zog theem.

Qhov txawv ntawm Wave thiab Particle xwm ntawm lub teeb
Qhov txawv ntawm Wave thiab Particle xwm ntawm lub teeb

Daim duab 01: Ib qho piv txwv ntawm Electromagnetic Waves

Lub teeb, ib yam li tag nrho lwm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, tuaj yeem taug kev los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib ntus, uas txhais tau hais tias nws rov ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua hauv qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm. Zoo ib yam li lwm cov nthwv dej, lub teeb kuj muaj lub wavelength (qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob lub nthwv dej), zaus (tus naj npawb ntawm nthwv dej uas tshwm sim hauv ib lub sijhawm) thiab qhov nrawm (ze li 3 x 108m /s).

Particle Nature of Light yog dab tsi?

Ib tug particle yog ib feem ntawm qhov teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb, peb hu lub teeb hais tias photons. Xyoo 1700, Sir Isaac Newton tau hais tias lub teeb yog ib pawg ntawm cov khoom vim tias thaum nws siv lub prism los faib lub hnub ci rau hauv cov xim sib txawv, qhov chaw ntawm cov duab ntxoov ntxoo tsim tau ntse heev..

Qhov txawv tseem ceeb - Wave vs Particle Nature of Light
Qhov txawv tseem ceeb - Wave vs Particle Nature of Light

Daim duab 02: Kev xav txog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev tawg ntawm lub teeb thaum nws taug kev los ntawm lub ntsej muag

Ib photon yog ib qho me me thiab lub quantum ntawm lub teeb. Peb tuaj yeem xam lub zog ntawm photon ntawm qhov sib npaug E=hv qhov twg lub zog yog E, h yog Planck qhov tas li thiab v yog qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb. Ntawm no, nce qhov siv ntawm lub teeb txhais tau hais tias peb tau nce tus naj npawb ntawm photons hla ib cheeb tsam hauv ib lub sijhawm. Ntxiv mus, ib tug photon tsis muaj huab hwm coj, tab sis nws yog ib tug ruaj khov particle. Lub photon tuaj yeem hloov nws lub zog mus rau lwm qhov khoom thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam.

Qhov txawv ntawm Wave thiab Particle Nature ntawm Lub Teeb yog dab tsi?

Wave-particle dual yog qhov kev xav uas piav qhia tias lub teeb muaj ob qho tib si nthwv dej thiab qhov xwm txheej. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nthwv dej thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb yog qhov nthwv dej ntawm lub teeb piav qhia tias lub teeb tuaj yeem coj tus cwj pwm zoo li hluav taws xob nthwv dej, qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb piav qhia tias lub teeb muaj cov khoom hu ua photons.

Ntxiv mus, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, Francesco Maria Grimaldi thiab Sir Isaac Newton, uas thawj zaug tau sau tseg ob qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb, Francesco Maria Grimaldi tau pom qhov sib txawv ntawm lub teeb thiab hais tias lub teeb muaj tus cwj pwm ntawm nthwv dej, thaum Sir Isaac Newton pom tias thaum lub prism faib lub hnub ci rau hauv cov xim sib txawv, qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov duab ntxoov ntxoo tsim yog qhov ntse heev thiab meej uas coj nws mus rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm Wave thiab Particle xwm ntawm lub teeb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv Tabular
Qhov sib txawv ntawm Wave thiab Particle xwm ntawm lub teeb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv Tabular

Summary – Wave vs Particle Nature of Light

Wave-particle dual txoj kev xav yog ib txoj kev xav niaj hnub uas hais tias lub teeb muaj ob qho tib si yoj thiab particle tus cwj pwm. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nthwv dej thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb yog qhov nthwv dej ntawm lub teeb piav qhia tias lub teeb tuaj yeem coj tus cwj pwm zoo li hluav taws xob nthwv dej, qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb piav qhia tias lub teeb muaj cov khoom hu ua photons.

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