Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Homothallic vs Heterothallic Fungi
Kev sib deev yog ib hom kev yug me nyuam uas feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob. Nws raug suav hais tias yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws los tswj cov caj ces hloov pauv hauv cov kab mob fungal. Kev sib deev ntawm cov fungi tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev loj, raws li hom fungi. Muaj ob hom fungi hu ua homothallic fungi thiab heterothallic fungi. Homothallic fungi cia siab rau nws tus kheej fertilization thaum heterothallic fungi ua outcrossing. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm homothallic fungi thiab heterothallic fungi yog homothallic fungi tsim ob hom mating nuclei los tsim zygote los ntawm tib thallus thaum heterothallic fungi tsim tsuas yog ib hom mating nuclei thiab xav tau ob tus neeg sib txawv los tsim ib lub zygote. Kev sib deev kev sib deev hauv cov kab mob heterothallic tshwm sim ntawm cov caj ces sib txawv thiab sib xws mycelia. Kev sib deev kev sib deev ntawm homothallic fungi tshwm sim ntawm ob tug txiv neej thiab poj niam kev yug me nyuam tsim los ntawm tib thallus.
Homothallic fungi yog dab tsi?
Kev sib deev kev sib deev ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv caj ces thiab txo qhov kev qhia ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hauv cov menyuam yaus. Fungi zoo li eukaryotic kab mob feem ntau nyob ntawm kev sib deev kev sib deev los tswj lawv cov caj ces hloov pauv thiab xav tau phenotypes. Kev sib deev ntawm cov kab mob tshwm sim hauv ob hom fungi hu ua homothallic thiab heterothallic fungi. Homothallic fungi muaj ob leeg txiv neej thiab poj niam nuclei muab los ntawm tib thallus rau kev sib deev. Lawv tsis xav tau ib tug khub rau kev sib deev. Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv ntawm tus kheej fertilization los yog selfing. Cov kev sib deev sib txawv yog ua los ntawm ob lub hlwb sib txawv los ntawm tib lub mycelium. Ob tug mating nuclei yog tsim los ntawm ib tug neeg thiab lawv fuse los ua ib tug zygote.
Homothallic fungi tau ua tiav zoo dua li cov kab mob heterothallic thaum thaj chaw ib puag ncig hnyav rau kev sib deev ua tiav. Homothallic fungi tsis nyob ntawm lwm tus khub niam txiv kom ua tiav lawv cov kev sib deev. Feem ntau ntawm lichen-forming fungi yog homothallic thiab lawv yug los ntawm tus kheej-fertilization. Homothallism yog ib qho mob tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob fungi txawm hais tias nws ua rau txo qis kev hloov pauv caj ces hauv cov neeg. Neurospora galapagoensis yog ib hom kab mob homothallic fungal.
Heterothallic Fungi yog dab tsi?
Heterothallic fungi yog cov kab mob fungal uas dais ib hom mating hom. Lawv yog unisexual nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Kev sib deev ntawm cov kab mob heterothallic tshwm sim ntawm ob qhov sib txawv ntawm mycelia. Ob leeg sib koom ua ke pab txhawb nuclei rau kev tsim zygote. Kev txheeb xyuas cov neeg koom nrog mating yog ib txoj kev nyuaj thiab nws tshwm sim ntawm mating hom tshwj xeeb peptide pheromones thiab receptors. Kev lees paub ntawm kev sib raug zoo sib xws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav kev sib deev ntawm heterothallic fungi. Ob hom mating no zoo sib xws hauv morphology thiab sib txawv ntawm caj ces thiab lub cev.
Vim tias cov kab mob heterothallic vam khom rau kev sib kis, qhov kev hloov pauv caj ces hauv cov neeg muaj ntau. Qee cov kab mob heterothallic kuj pom homothallism nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb. Homothalism - kev hloov pauv heterothallism pom muaj nyob hauv ntau hom fungal ntawm ib puag ncig sib txawv.
Neurospora crassa yog suav tias yog hom kab mob heterothallic fungal tshaj plaws.
Daim duab 01: Lub Neej Cycle ntawm Neurospora Crassa
Qhov txawv ntawm Homothallic thiab Heterothallic Fungi yog dab tsi?
Homothallic vs Heterothallic Fungi |
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| Homothallic fungi yog cov kab mob fungal uas muaj peev xwm tsim tau ob leeg txiv neej thiab poj niam mating hom rau kev sib deev los ntawm tib thallus. | Heterothallic fungi yog cov kab mob fungal uas tsuas muaj ib hom mating thiab nyob ntawm tus khub sib raug zoo rau kev sib deev. |
| kev sib deev | |
| Mycelium ntawm homothallic fungi yog bisexual. | Mycelium ntawm heterothallic fungi yog unisexual. |
| Yam kev sib deev | |
| Homothallic fungi ua tus kheej fertilization. | Heterothallic fungi ua tawm. |
| Kev hloov pauv caj ces | |
| Homothallic fungal kev sib deev kev sib deev txo qis genetic variation. | Heterothallic fungal kev sib deev kev sib deev ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv caj ces. |
| Rau tus khub niam txiv | |
| Homothallic fungi tsis nyob ntawm tus khub mating los ntawm lwm tus thallus. | Heterothallic fungi xav tau ib tus neeg sib txawv tab sis sib haum nrog tus khub. |
| Mating Partner | |
| Homothallic mating hom muaj caj ces ntau dua lossis tsawg dua zoo sib xws. | Heterothallic mating hom muaj caj ces txawv. |
| Examples | |
| Piv txwv ntawm homothallic fungi piv txwv suav nrog Aspergillus nidulans, Neurospora galapagoensis, thiab lwm yam. | Piv txwv ntawm heterothallic fungi suav nrog Neurospora Crassa, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, thiab lwm yam. |
Summary – Homothallic vs Heterothallic Fungi
Kev sib deev kev sib deev yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm eukaryotic evolution los ua kom muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab tshem tawm cov kev hloov pauv tsis zoo. Fungi qhia ob txoj hauv kev hloov pauv hloov pauv kev sib deev hu ua homothallism thiab heterothallism. Homothallic fungi reproduces kev sib deev los ntawm nws tus kheej fertilization. Cov fungi no muaj peev xwm tsim tau ob qho tib si ntawm cov qauv kev ua me nyuam los yog mating hom los ntawm tib lub mycelium. Lawv tsis nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv mating thallus rau kev sib deev. Ob hom nuclei yog tsim los ntawm ib leeg mycelium hauv homothallic fungi los tsim ib lub zygote. Qhov no yog opposite nyob rau hauv heterothallic fungi. Ob qhov sib txawv mating thali pab nuclei los tsim ib lub zygote. Heterothallic fungi yog unisexual thiab tsim tsuas yog ib hom mating gametes lossis cov qauv. Lawv yug me nyuam los ntawm outcrossing, uas tsub kom lub genetic variability nyob rau hauv progeny fungi. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm homothallic thiab heterothallic fungi. Homothallism thiab heterothallism sib koom ua ke hauv qee hom kab mob fungal thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm homothallism thiab heterothallism kuj tseem muaj nyob hauv ntau cov kab mob fungal.
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