Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm oxidation thiab fermentation yog nyob ntawm hom tshuaj tiv thaiv. Oxidation yog cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg los ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke hauv qhov muaj cov pa oxygen thaum fermentation yog cov txheej txheem tshuaj ntawm kev tsim cov kua qaub, cawv thiab carbon dioxide los ntawm cov suab thaj thaum tsis muaj oxygen.
Oxidation thiab fermentation yog cov txheej txheem biochemical. Lawv tshwm sim ib txwm nyob hauv cov kab mob nyob hauv qab ntawm cov enzymes thiab lwm yam cofactors. Nyob rau niaj hnub nim no, ob qho tib si cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntuj no koom nrog hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam ntawm cov roj ntsha molecules. Yog li ntawd, kev nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem no thiab paub qhov txawv ntawm ob yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Li no, kab lus no tsom rau kev sib tham txog qhov sib txawv ntawm oxidation thiab fermentation.
Oxidation yog dab tsi?
Oxidation yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg uas feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob aerobic. Nws koom nrog qhov nqus ntawm oxygen los ntawm ib qho chaw los hloov nws tus kheej mus rau hauv ib qho chaw sib txawv. Oxidases yog cov enzymes tseem ceeb uas ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation. Oxidation ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntsha tuaj yeem ua tau los yog tswj tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, oxidation ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tsis zoo raws li hom khoom oxidized. Nws kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm ib kauj ruam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsuas yog siv ib qho enzyme lossis tuaj yeem ua ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog ntau cov enzymes.
Oxidation ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv feem ntau txoj hauv kev metabolic hauv cov kab mob siab dua. Txoj hauv kev uas tau txais oxidation koom nrog oxidative phosphorylation rau kev tsim cov ATP thiab beta-oxidation ntawm fatty acids rau zus tau tej cov Acetyl Co A.
Daim duab 01: Linoleic Acid Beta Oxidation
Tsis tas li ntawd, oxidation yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj yej zoo. Es tsis txhob ua fermentation, oxidation plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb vim nws tsis deplete cov polyphenols hauv cov nroj tsuag. Yog li, kev txuag ntawm polyphenols hauv cov tshuaj yej yuav tsis ua mob rau qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj yej. Hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj yej, cov enzyme hu ua polyphenol oxidase yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Thaum cov metabolites hu ua catechins hauv tshuaj yej tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog oxygen, oxidase pib ua, ua cov polyphenols ntawm qhov hnyav dua molecular. Cov polyphenols no muaj peev xwm ntxiv aroma thiab xim rau cov tshuaj yej dub. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev tsim tshuaj yej, oxidation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev tswj xyuas, uas sib txawv ntawm ntau hom tshuaj yej.
Fermentation yog dab tsi?
Fermentation yog txheej txheem uas tshwm sim hauv cov xwm txheej anaerobic. Yog li ntawd, nws tshwm sim thaum tsis muaj molecular oxygen. Ntau cov microbes, nroj tsuag thiab tib neeg cov leeg nqaij muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev fermentation. Thaum lub sij hawm fermentation, hloov cov piam thaj molecules rau cawv thiab acids tshwm sim. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv mis nyuj, khoom noj khoom haus thiab dej cawv.
Daim duab 02: Ethanol Fermentation
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntuj, muaj ob hom kev fermentation, ob qho tib si yuav tsum muaj kev koom tes ntawm enzymes. Ob txoj kev no yog lactic acid fermentation thiab ethanol fermentation. Hauv lactic acid fermentation, hloov pauv ntawm pyruvate qab zib moiety rau hauv lactic acid tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lactic acid dehydrogenase. Lactic acid fermentation feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob thiab hauv tib neeg cov leeg. Lub buildup ntawm lactic acid nyob rau hauv tib neeg cov leeg ua rau qhov pib ntawm cramps. Ethanol fermentation tshwm sim feem ntau hauv cov nroj tsuag thiab hauv qee qhov microbes. Cov enzymes acetaldehyde decarboxylase thiab ethanol dehydrogenase pab txhawb txoj haujlwm no.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Oxidation thiab Fermentation?
- Oxidation thiab fermentation yog cov txheej txheem biochemical uas tuaj yeem tsim lub zog hauv cov kab ke nyob.
- Ob txheej txheem yuav tsum muaj kev koom tes ntawm enzymes.
- Tsis tas li, cov txheej txheem no pib los ntawm cov organic compound. Li no, qhov pib ntawm ob txheej txheem yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm organic compounds.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yog cov txheej txheem ntuj tsim nyob rau hauv cov kab mob nyob; Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no, lawv tau siv ntau txoj hauv kev lag luam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Oxidation thiab Fermentation yog dab tsi?
Ob nqe lus oxidation thiab fermentation yog kom meej meej ob yam txheej txheem uas tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si txheej txheem tuaj yeem tsim lub zog txawm tias cov txheej txheem tshuaj tom qab ob nqe lus sib txawv. Oxidation yog hais txog oxidizing ntawm ib tug compound nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm enzymes thiab molecular oxygen thaum fermentation yog hais txog kev hloov cov suab thaj rau acids thiab cawv nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm enzymes thiab tsis muaj molecular oxygen. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm oxidation thiab fermentation.
Ntxiv mus, hom enzymes siv thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm oxidation thiab fermentation. Oxidases catalyze oxidation tshwm sim thaum lactic acid dehydrogenase, acetaldehyde decarboxylase thiab ethanol dehydrogenase catalyze fermentation. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam. Oxidation yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam tshuaj yej rau kev tsim cov polyphenols; Hauv cov kab mob aerobic, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim lub zog. Ntawm qhov tod tes, fermentation yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv ntau txoj kev lag luam xws li kev lag luam khoom noj siv mis, kev lag luam bakery thiab kev lag luam cawv, los ua kom muaj zog hauv cov leeg nqaij, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, kev siv coj mus rau qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm oxidation thiab fermentation.
Summary – Oxidation vs Fermentation
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm oxidation thiab fermentation, oxidation yog plam ntawm electrons los ntawm ib tug compound los tsim lwm compound nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm enzymes thiab molecular oxygen thaum fermentation yog tus txheej txheem ntawm transforming qab zib moieties rau acids thiab cawv nyob rau hauv lub tsis muaj oxygen. Cov txheej txheem ob leeg ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem kev lag luam sib txawv, txawm hais tias lawv tau txhais yuam kev thaum qee zaus. Feem ntau cov microbes muaj peev xwm ua tau cov tshuaj biochemical ntawm oxidation thiab fermentation yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem biotechnology-raws li kev lag luam.
