Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm genotype thiab phenotype yog qhov genotype yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov noob hauv DNA uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau qhov zoo thaum lub phenotype yog lub cev qhia txog qhov tshwj xeeb.
Tib neeg caj ces thiab Molecular Biology tam sim no nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej, thiab cov hnub ntawm kev kho noob tsis nyob deb. Genetics thiab Hereditary Science muaj nws lub hauv paus hauv kev sim los ntawm Augustinian pov thawj Gregor Mendel. Cov noob caj noob ces thiab noob caj noob ces yog tsim los ntawm qhov chaw uas cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm tus neeg, chromosomes, los ntawm leej niam thiab leej txiv. Feem ntau, muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces. Cov chromosomes no muaj cov chaw sib cais hu ua cov noob uas muaj cov nucleotide ib ntus encoding rau cov proteins. Tshwj xeeb, cov noob muaj cov ntaub ntawv coding los tsim cov polypeptides / proteins los ua cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv tib neeg lub cev. Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav caj ces, peb ntsib ob nqe lus; genotype thiab phenotype nquag. Genotype sawv cev rau cov noob caj noob ces ntawm ib qho kev zoo thaum lub phenotype yog lub cev qhia txog qhov zoo.
Dab tsi yog Genotype?
Genotype yog tag nrho cov caj ces pleev ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes lossis kab mob lossis tsiaj. Genotypes muaj npe nrov sib txawv hauv tib neeg. Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj ob tus neeg nqa tib lub genotype. Yog li txawm tias ib qho chaw sib txawv ntawm ob tus neeg, ces peb kuj xav tias lawv yog ob hom genotypes. Tsis tas li ntawd, genotype yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tiag tiag uas txiav txim siab rau sab nraud, pom tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg.
Daim duab 01: Genotype
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov genotype yog qhov txiav txim siab ntawm kev ciaj sia ntawm tus neeg ntawd thiab lub peev xwm ntawm kev yug me nyuam. Yog li, nws yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem evolutionary. Tab sis lub genotype tsis txiav txim siab tag nrho cov xwm txheej, uas pom tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no pom nyob rau hauv cov menyuam ntxaib monozygotic nrog cov tshuaj pleev ib ce zoo tib yam, tab sis muaj cov ntiv tes sib txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv caj ces tsis kwv yees tag nrho cov yam ntxwv sab nraud ntawm tus kheej.
Phenotype yog dab tsi?
Tus phenotype yog cov lus hais saum toj no uas pom tau ntawm tus neeg lossis lub cev. Cov no suav nrog morphology, biochemical zog, lub cev nqaij daim tawv thiab tus cwj pwm coj.
Daim duab 02: Phenotype
Ntxiv mus, phenotype yog nyob ntawm genotype thiab ib puag ncig nrog kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig nrog genotype. Qhov piv ntawm qhov ntsuas ntsuas no yog hu ua phenotypic plasticity. Yog li, ntau dua qhov phenotypic plasticity, ces ntau dua qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig cuam tshuam rau phenotype. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tswv yim ntawm genetic canalization yog tam sim no. Lub tswv yim no hais txog lub peev xwm los kwv yees lub genotype raws li phenotype.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Genotype thiab Phenotype?
- Genotype thiab phenotype yog ob nqe lus siv hauv cov noob caj noob ces.
- Ob lub genotype thiab phenotype muaj feem cuam tshuam rau ib leeg.
- Environmental factors cuam tshuam rau ob leeg.
Qhov txawv ntawm Genotype thiab Phenotype yog dab tsi?
Genotype yog cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm cov noob caj noob ces uas sau rau ib qho tshwj xeeb lossis kab mob. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov phenotype yog qhov pom lossis pom tau ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm genotype thiab phenotype. Piv txwv li, tus yam ntxwv 'siab', TT, Tt, tt yog cov genotypes thaum siab lossis luv yog cov phenotypes.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub genotype tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kuaj caj ces tuaj yeem pom nws. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov phenotype yog pom ntawm peb qhov muag liab qab. Yog li, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm genotype thiab phenotype. Ntxiv mus, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm genotype thiab phenotype yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm genotype tsawg dua piv rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm phenotype.
Summary – Genotype vs Phenotype
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov genotype yog qhov peb tsis tuaj yeem pom, tab sis tuaj yeem suav nrog kev tshawb fawb thiab tseem dhau qhov kev hloov pauv. Nws yog cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm ib qho kev zoo. Ntawm qhov tod tes, phenotype yog qhov pom tau ntawm cov genotype uas pom tau rau peb. Tab sis phenotype tsis yog tag nrho nyob ntawm genotype. Nws kuj nyob ntawm ib puag ncig yam tseem ceeb thiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, genotype tsis hloov nrog lub sijhawm thaum phenotype yuav hloov nrog lub sijhawm. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm genotype thiab phenotype.
