Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm genotype thiab pawg ntshav yog qhov genotype yog cov kab mob ua tiav cov khoom siv caj ces lossis ib tus neeg sau cov noob, thaum pawg ntshav hais txog tag nrho cov ntshav uas muaj cov qe ntshav liab (RBC) antigens. nws qhov tshwj xeeb yog tswj los ntawm ntau cov noob.
Genotype yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas txiav txim siab lub cev zoo li lossis qhov phenotype ntawm tus neeg. Muaj cov noob sib txawv rau qhov sib txawv. Genotype feem ntau piav raws li version ntawm DNA sequences tus neeg muaj. Cov ntshav pab cuam nrog cov qe ntshav liab. Qhov tseeb, pawg ntshav yog categorized raws li cov antigens (proteins) ntawm lub cell ntawm cov qe ntshav liab.
Dab tsi yog Genotype?
A genotype yog tag nrho cov khoom siv caj ces hauv ib lub cev. Lub sij hawm genotype yog coined los ntawm Danish botanist Wilhelm Johannsen nyob rau hauv 1903. Genes tswj cov cim (phenotype) uas yog observable nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg - piv txwv li, plaub hau xim, qhov muag xim, qhov siab, thiab lwm yam. Genotype feem ntau hais txog ib tug tib noob los yog teeb ntawm cov noob, xws li genotype rau qhov muag xim. Kev sau ntawm tag nrho cov caj ces muaj peev xwm rau ib qho kev zoo nkauj, xws li cov xim xim hauv cov txiv laum huab xeeb, hu ua alleles. Hauv qhov piv txwv no, ob qho alleles rau cov xim paj yeeb yog xim liab thiab dawb. Lub phenotype ntawm ib tug neeg yog tswj los ntawm peb yam. Genotype yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Lwm yam ob yam yog ib puag ncig (tsis yog los ntawm) thiab epigenetic (kwv yees).
Daim duab 01: Genotype
Cov tib neeg uas muaj tib lub genotype tsis zoo ib yam vim tias qhov tsos thiab tus cwj pwm raug hloov los ntawm ib puag ncig thiab kev loj hlob. Ib yam nkaus li, txhua yam kab mob uas zoo ib yam tsis tas yuav muaj tib genotype. Ib tus neeg lub genotype feem ntau yuav piav qhia tias homozygous lossis heterozygous hais txog cov noob ntawm kev txaus siab thiab kev sib xyaw ntawm alleles tus neeg nqa. Thaum muaj qhov zoo tib yam alleles ntawm cov noob, nws hu ua homozygous. Thaum cov noob muaj ob qho sib txawv alleles, nws hu ua heterozygous.
Dab tsi yog Pawg Ntshav?
Cov ntshav yog kev faib cov ntshav, raws li kev sib txawv ntawm kev sib txawv (polymorphisms lossis variations) hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pom nyob rau ntawm cov ntshav liab. Cov qe ntshav liab muaj qee cov proteins hu ua antigens ntawm qhov chaw. Lub plasma muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas yuav tawm tsam qee cov antigens yog tias lawv muaj. Ob qho tib si ABO thiab rhesus yog cov antigens muaj nyob rau ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Yog li, ib tus neeg tuaj yeem muaj cov ntshav A, B, AB lossis O raws li cov antigens saum toj no nyob rau ntawm cov ntshav liab. Hom ntshav ABO yog thawj hom ntshav uas raug tshawb pom.
Daim duab 02: Pawg Ntshav
Feem ntau cov tib neeg muaj rhesus zoo yog tias lawv muaj rhesus antigens ntawm lawv cov ntshav liab. Txawm li cas los xij, 3 ntawm 20 tus neeg tsis muaj rhesus antigen ntawm lawv cov qe ntshav liab thiab tau hais tias rhesus tsis zoo.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Genotype thiab Blood Group?
- Genotype thiab pawg ntshav yog txiav txim los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces.
- Lawv ob leeg muaj noob nrog alleles.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm genotype thiab pawg ntshav?
Genotype yog kab mob ua tiav cov khoom siv caj ces lossis ib tus neeg sau cov noob. Hauv qhov sib piv, pawg ntshav hais txog tag nrho cov pab pawg ntshav uas suav nrog cov qe ntshav liab (RBC) antigens uas nws qhov tshwj xeeb yog tswj los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces uas tuaj yeem ua rau allelic lossis txuas zoo sib xws ntawm tib chromosome. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm genotype thiab pawg ntshav. Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, cov genotype muaj nyob hauv txhua lub cell, thaum pawg ntshav txiav txim siab los ntawm cov antigens pom sab nraum cov ntshav liab.
Cov infographics hauv qab no teev qhov sib txawv ntawm genotype thiab pawg ntshav hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Genotype vs Blood Group
Genotype yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas txiav txim siab lub cev zoo li (tus cwj pwm) lossis phenotype ntawm tus neeg. Nws feem ntau yog pauv los ntawm niam txiv mus rau cov xeeb ntxwv. Cov ntshav tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog cov qe ntshav liab xwb. Ib pawg ntshav yog tswj los ntawm cov proteins (antigens) nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov ntshav liab. Lub genotype yog nyob rau hauv txhua lub cell. Ntawm qhov tod tes, pawg ntshav nyob sab nraum cov ntshav liab. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm genotype thiab ntshav Group.
