Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm atom thiab compound yog tias lub atom yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua yam teeb meem whereas lub compound yog ib hom tshuaj uas muaj ob los yog ntau dua atoms.
Cov ntsiab lus ib leeg tsis tshua ruaj khov nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso. Lawv tsim ntau yam kev sib txuas ntawm lawv lossis nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus kom muaj nyob. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, cov khoom ntawm ib lub ntsiab sib txawv thiab ua rau muaj kev sib xyaw tshiab xws li cov tebchaw.
Atom yog dab tsi?
Atom yog lub tsev me me ntawm txhua yam khoom uas twb muaj lawm. Lawv me me heev uas peb tsis tuaj yeem saib nrog peb lub qhov muag liab qab. Feem ntau cov atoms nyob rau hauv Angstrom ntau yam. Ntxiv mus, lawv muaj ib tug nucleus, uas muaj protons thiab neutrons. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj lwm yam me me subatomic hais nyob rau hauv lub nucleus. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov electrons ncig ncig lub nucleus hauv lub orbital.
Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm qhov chaw hauv lub atom yog khoob. Lub zog txaus nyiam ntawm cov nucleus uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo (tus nqi zoo vim yog protons) thiab cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo tswj lub atom lub cev. Atoms ntawm tib yam muaj xws li protons thiab electrons. Txawm li cas los xij, tib hom atoms yuav txawv vim muaj pes tsawg tus neutrons tam sim no, thiab peb npe lawv li isotopes.
Atoms tuaj yeem koom nrog lwm cov atoms hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Yog li, lawv tuaj yeem tsim ntau txhiab molecules. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus muaj ib tug diatomic los yog polyatomic kev npaj kom ruaj ntseg tsuas yog cov Nobel gases. Raws li lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pub dawb lossis tshem tawm lub peev xwm, lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv cog lus cog lus lossis ionic bonds. Qee zaum, lawv muaj qhov tsis muaj zog heev ntawm cov atoms.
Daim duab 01: Tus Qauv ntawm Ib Tug Neeg Tsis Txaus Siab
Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau qhov kev sim ua los ntawm ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tau pab txiav txim siab lub atom tus qauv. Raws li D altons atomic txoj kev xav,
- Txhua yam teeb meem yog tsim los ntawm atoms, thiab peb tsis tuaj yeem rhuav tshem lawv ntxiv.
- Tag nrho cov atoms ntawm ib lub ntsiab yog zoo tib yam.
- Cov ntawv sib xyaw los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ob lossis ntau dua atoms.
- Peb tsis tuaj yeem tsim lossis rhuav tshem atoms. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yog ib qho kev hloov ntawm atoms.
Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov kev hloov kho hauv D altons txoj kev xav tam sim no nrog cov kev tshawb pom ntau ntxiv txog lub atom.
Dab tsi yog Compound?
Ib qho tshuaj yog ib yam tshuaj uas ua los ntawm ob lossis ntau yam tshuaj sib txawv. Peb tuaj yeem sau npe ua ke ntawm ob lossis ntau dua ntawm tib yam tshuaj lom neeg ua ke. Piv txwv li, diatomic molecules zoo li O2, H2, N2 lossis polyatomic molecules zoo li P 4 tsis yog sib xyaws; lawv yog molecules. NaCl, H2O, HNO3, and C6H12 O6 yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov sib xyaw ua ke. Yog li ntawd, cov tebchaw yog ib pawg ntawm cov molecules.
Daim duab 02: Dej muaj tshuaj lom H2O
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus hauv ib qho kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm covalent bonds, ionic bonds, metallic bonds, thiab lwm yam. Cov qauv ntawm cov tshuaj no muab cov naj npawb ntawm cov atoms hauv qhov sib xyaw thiab lawv qhov sib piv. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib xyaw, cov ntsiab lus muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem. Peb tuaj yeem pom cov ntsiab lus no yooj yim los ntawm kev saib cov tshuaj formula ntawm ib qho chaw sib xyaw. Ntxiv mus, lawv ruaj khov, thiab lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo, xim, khoom, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Atom thiab Compound yog dab tsi?
Atoms tsawg dua li cov tebchaw. Qhov no yog vim cov Compounds yog ua los ntawm ob los yog ntau tshaj ntau hom atoms. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm atom thiab compound yog tias atoms yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov teeb meem whereas compounds yog tshuaj hom uas muaj ob los yog ntau tshaj atoms.
Ntxiv mus, cov tebchaw muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev sib txawv dua li cov atoms koom nrog. Sib nrug ntawm qhov ntawd, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm atom thiab compound yog tias peb tsis tuaj yeem rhuav tshem lub atom ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, yam tsis tau hloov cov khoom ntawm nws; muaj, peb tsuas tuaj yeem rhuav tshem lawv mus rau hauv subatomic hais. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tuaj yeem rhuav tshem qhov sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv molecules lossis atoms.
Cov duab hauv qab no qhia qhov txawv ntawm atom thiab compound raws li ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Atom vs Compound
Atoms yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm txhua qhov teeb meem. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsawg heev. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tebchaw yog kev sib txuas ntawm atoms. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm atom thiab compound yog tias cov atoms yog cov hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov teeb meem whereas cov tebchaw yog tshuaj hom uas muaj ob los yog ntau tshaj atoms.
