Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm conjugate acid thiab conjugate puag yog tias conjugate acids pub protons, whereas conjugate bases txais protons.
Hauv xyoo 1923, ob tus kws tshawb fawb, Bronsted thiab Lowry tau nthuav tawm txoj kev xav ntawm acid-base cwj pwm. Raws li Bronsted - Lowry txoj kev xav, ib qho kua qaub yog tus pub proton, thiab lub hauv paus yog tus txais proton. Yog li ntawd, ib tug molecule coj raws li ib tug acid yuav tsum tau ntsib ib tug proton txais. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lub molecule coj los ua lub hauv paus nws yuav tsum ntsib tus neeg pub dawb proton. Yog li ntawd, rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid-base, ob tus neeg pub dawb thiab cov neeg txais yuav tsum nyob ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, dej tuaj yeem ua raws li cov kua qaub thiab lub hauv paus. Thaum dej txais ib tug proton, nws tsim ib hydronium ion, thiab thaum nws pub ib tug proton, nws tsim ib hydroxide ion.
YConjugate Acid yog dab tsi?
Conjugate acid yog cov khoom tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus. Thaum lub hauv paus txais ib tug proton los ntawm lwm lub molecule, nws tsim ib tug conjugate acid. Conjugate acid tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob thiab rov qab mus rau niam txiv puag. Yog li, conjugate acids muaj acidic zog.
Daim duab 01: Tsim cov Conjugate Acid thiab Conjugate Base
Piv txwv li, peb tuaj yeem xav txog qhov xwm txheej uas ammonia yaj hauv dej.
NH3+ H2O ⇌ NH4+ + OH–
Hauv qhov piv txwv saum toj no, ammonium ion yog conjugate acid ntawm ammonia. Ib yam li ntawd, thaum xav txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rov qab, dej yog conjugate acid ntawm hydroxide puag.
Conjugate Base yog dab tsi?
Conjugate puag yog ib yam khoom uas tsim tom qab cov kua qaub muab cov proton rau lub hauv paus. Tab sis, qhov no tuaj yeem lees txais ib qho proton dua; yog li, nws muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb. Lub peev xwm proton txais tsim los ntawm niam txiv acid yog lub hauv paus conjugate. Thaum lub hauv paus conjugate txais ib qho proton, nws rov qab mus rau niam txiv acid dua.
Dhau li ntawd, ntau cov kuab tshuaj tuaj yeem ua raws li cov neeg pub dawb lossis cov neeg txais. Yog li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub lossis cov cwj pwm yooj yim hauv cov kua. Piv txwv li, thaum ammonia yaj nyob rau hauv dej, dej ua raws li cov kua qaub thiab muab ib tug proton rau ammonia, thiab yog li, ua ib tug ammonium ion. Lub caij no, cov dej molecule hloov mus rau hydroxide anion. Ntawm no, lub hauv paus conjugate ntawm dej yog hydroxide anion. Thiab lub hauv paus conjugate ntawm ammonium yog ammonia.
Qhov txawv ntawm Conjugate Acid thiab Conjugate Base yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm conjugate acid thiab conjugate puag yog tias conjugate acids tuaj yeem pub cov protons, thaum conjugate bases tuaj yeem txais protons. Ntxiv mus, conjugate acids yog tsim los ntawm cov hauv paus; conversely, conjugate bases yog tsim los ntawm acids. Txawm li cas los xij, conjugate acids thiab bases uas tsim nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv spontaneous muaj zog ntau dua li lawv niam txiv molecules.
Summary – Conjugate Acid vs Conjugate Base
Conjugate acid thiab conjugate puag yog ib khub ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj kev coj tus cwj pwm txawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm conjugate acid thiab conjugate puag yog tias conjugate acids tuaj yeem pub protons, thaum conjugate bases tuaj yeem txais protons.
