Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab cov cam khwb cia hlau yog tias peb siv cov hlau nplaum rau cov kav dej vim nws cov kav ntev thaum peb siv cam khwb cia hlau feem ntau rau engineering thiab kev tsim vaj tsev vim nws ruaj khov.
Cov hlau thiab cam khwb cia hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hlau txhua hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, ob lub alloys muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv uas ua rau lawv tseem ceeb rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Ob qho no yog cov hlau alloys. Ib qho hlau yog sib xyaw ntawm ob lossis ntau dua hlau uas muab cov khoom txhim kho rau kev siv sib txawv.
Ductile Iron yog dab tsi?
Cov hlau nplaum yog cov hlau hlau, uas yog nplua nuj nrog graphite. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib daim ntawv ntawm cam khwb cia hlau. Keith Millis pom cov hlau no thaum nruab nrab-1940's. Nws tau ua los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov ferrous alloy nrog kev kho magnesium. Qhov no alloy yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj li feem ntau ntawm cov cam khwb cia hlau cov ntaub ntawv vim nws muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab qaug zog kuj. Cov cuab yeej no tshwm sim vim qhov nodular graphite suav nrog.
Thaum xav txog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau no, cov khoom tseem ceeb yog hlau, carbon (3.2 txog 3.6%), silicon, manganese, magnesium, thiab lwm yam. Qee zaum peb ntxiv cov tshuaj xws li tooj liab lossis tin txhawm rau ua kom lub zog tensile. thiab yield zog ntawm alloy. Nws kuj txo cov ductility ib txhij. Sib nrug ntawm qhov ntawd, peb tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion los ntawm kev ntxiv qee cov nickel lossis chromium rau hlau.
Daim duab 01: Ib Lub Yeeb Nkab Hlau
Thaum xav txog cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov hlau, nws qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov graphite, txij li thaum, hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv no, cov graphite tsim cov nodules kheej kheej uas txwv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm fissures, uas ua rau muaj zog malleability. Daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau no yog los tsim cov kav hlau kav hlau. Peb siv cov kav dej no rau cov kav dej thiab kav dej.
Cast Iron yog dab tsi?
cam khwb cia hlau yog cov hlau uas peb tuaj yeem muab pov rau hauv pwm. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj thiab kuj nkig. Nws muaj hlau, carbon, silicon, manganese nrog rau cov kab ntawm leej faj thiab phosphorous ib yam nkaus. Tus nqi ntawm carbon nyob rau hauv no alloy yog siab heev piv rau steel. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm silicon (1-3%); Yog li, nws yog qhov tseeb ntawm hlau-carbon-silicon. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj qhov kub thiab txias tsawg dua li lwm cov hlau alloys.
Nyob rau hauv nws solidification, no alloy solidifies raws li ib tug heterogeneous alloy. Nws tsis yog ductile ntau; yog li tsis haum rau dov. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis hnov mob nrog cov khoom molding thaum melted thiab poured. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov hlau no yog nws qhov qis melting point. Qhov qis melting point no ua rau zoo fluidity, castability, zoo heev machinability, tsis kam mus deformation thiab hnav tsis kam.
Daim duab 02: Cast Iron Piping
Muaj ntau hom cam khwb cia hlau raws li microstructure ntawm cov hlau. Cov hom muaj raws li hauv qab no;
- Grey cam khwb cia hlau
- cam khwb cia hlau
- Malleable cam khwb cia hlau
- cam khwb cia hlau
Peb siv cam khwb cia hlau feem ntau rau engineering thiab kev tsim vaj tsev vim nws ruaj khov. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov kav dej, cov tshuab thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsheb, xws li lub tog raj kheej taub hau (kev siv qis), lub tog raj kheej blocks thiab gearbox rooj plaub. Ntxiv mus, nws tiv taus kev puas tsuaj los ntawm oxidation.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Cov Hlau Hlau thiab Cov Hlau Casting?
Cov hlau nplaum yog cov hlau uas muaj hlau, nplua nuj nrog graphite whereas cam khwb cia hlau yog ib qho hlau uas peb tuaj yeem muab pov rau hauv pwm. Thaum txiav txim siab qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau alloy, cov hlau uas muaj hlau muaj hlau, carbon, silicon, manganese, magnesium, thiab lwm yam nrog rau tooj liab lossis tin thaum cov hlau cam khwb cia muaj hlau, carbon, silicon, manganese nrog rau cov kab ntawm leej faj thiab phosphorous. ib yam nkaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv cov ntsiab lus carbon thiab silicon kuj txawv ntawm ib leeg; Cov hlau nplaum muaj li ntawm 3.2 mus rau 3.6% carbon, thiab cam khwb cia hlau muaj li ntawm 2 mus rau 4% carbon thaum cov ntsiab lus silicon yog 2.5% thiab 1-3% feem. Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab cov hlau cam yog lawv cov ductility. Cov hlau ductile yog ductile heev thaum cam khwb cia hlau tsis tshua muaj ductile. Peb tuaj yeem hais qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab cam khwb cia hlau raws li lawv qhov kev siv vim cov cuab yeej no.
Cov duab hauv qab no nthuav qhia qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab cov hlau cam.
Summary – Ductile Iron vs Cast Iron
Ductile hlau yog ib hom cam khwb cia hlau uas muaj cov khoom zoo dua qub. Qhov txawv ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab cov cam khwb cia hlau yog tias peb siv cov hlau ductile rau cov kav dej vim nws qhov ruaj khov thaum peb siv cam khwb cia hlau feem ntau rau kev tsim vaj tsev thiab kev tsim kho vim nws qhov ruaj khov.
