Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm opsonization thiab neutralization yog nyob ntawm txoj kev lawv ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Hauv opsonization, cov kab mob raug cim ua ntej raug puas tsuaj thaum nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, cov nyhuv ntawm cov kab mob yog neutralized.
Immunologic cov lus teb tuaj yeem ua tau los yog hloov tau. Cov kab mob muaj cov kab mob paub txog receptors, uas ua rau nws yooj yim dua los txheeb xyuas tus tswv tsev. Hauv opsonization, tus tswv tsev tsim opsonins. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv neutralization, tus tswv tsev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nruab nrab los ua kom cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antibody-antigen.
Opsonization yog dab tsi?
Opsonization yog txheej txheem uas tshem tawm cov kab mob ntawm lub cev thaum raug cim los ntawm opsonins. Opsonins yog cov molecules uas tuaj yeem paub cov kab mob. Cov kab mob muaj cov kab mob paub txog receptors. Tsis tas li ntawd, opsonins muaj nyob rau hauv phagocytes thiab koom nrog kev paub txog cov kab mob paub txog receptors. Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm opsonins yog cov receptors xws li Fc receptor thiab ntxiv receptor 1 (CR1), thiab lwm yam. Opsonins kuj muaj peev xwm ua kom txoj hauv kev ntxiv thiab qhib phagocytosis.
Daim duab 01: Opsonization
Opsonins khi rau lub epitope ntawm tus kab mob. Thaum cov opsonins khi rau cov kab mob, cov phagocytes nyiam cov kab mob thiab pab txhawb phagocytosis. Opsonization tseem tuaj yeem qhib cov lus teb tiv thaiv kab mob. Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv IgG khi rau cov kab mob opsonized. Yog li, qhov no tso cai rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov cell-mediated cytotoxicity hauv cov hlwb. Thaum tsis muaj opsonins, qhov mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim thiab ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv thaum kis mob.
Neutralization yog dab tsi?
Hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob, kev tsis sib haum xeeb txhais tau tias ua rau cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no hu ua neutralizing antibodies. Cov kab mob diphtheria antitoxin yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kab mob lom ntawm diphtheria toxin. Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no neutralize cov nyhuv thiab rhuav tshem cov antigen thiaj li.
Daim duab 02: Neutralization
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo no tau muab tso rau ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm Y zoo li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob molecules. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no tseem nplaum dua li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ib txwm muaj. Lawv kuj raug hu ua dav dav neutralizing cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raws li lawv cuam tshuam ntau hom kab mob tshwj xeeb.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Opsonization thiab Neutralization?
- Kev tawm tsam thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog cov lus teb tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Ob leeg muaj peev xwm qhib txoj hauv kev ntxiv.
Qhov txawv ntawm Opsonization thiab Neutralization yog dab tsi?
Opsonization yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kab mob los ntawm kev cim nrog opsonins thaum nruab nrab yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm cov nyhuv ntawm antigen los ntawm kev khi nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm opsonization thiab neutralization.
Cov hauv qab no infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm opsonization thiab neutralization.
Summary – Opsonization vs Neutralization
Kev tawm tsam thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog ob qhov kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev tsim cov opsonins tshwm sim hauv opsonization. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, qhov zus tau tej cov neutralizing antibodies yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv neutralization rau neutralize cov nyhuv ntawm antigen. Opsonization activates lub complement system. Ntxiv mus, ob qho tib si ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, opsonization activates phagocytes los rhuav tshem cov kab mob. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, neutralization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv neutralize cov nyhuv ntawm antibody-antigen cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm opsonization thiab neutralization.
