Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ATP thiab NADPH yog tias ATP yog lub zog txiaj ntawm ntau yam kab mob nyob thaum NADPH yog cov coenzyme uas raug siv los txo cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov txheej txheem anabolic pom hauv cov nroj tsuag.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) thiab nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) yog phosphorylated tebchaw muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob. ATP yog lub zog hloov pauv txiaj hauv feem ntau cov kab mob. Thaum muaj kev xav tau ntawm lub zog, ATP tau npaj lub zog rau cov txheej txheem. Ntawm qhov tod tes, NADPH ua haujlwm ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov nroj tsuag thaum lub sijhawm photosynthesis. Li no NADPH yog ib qho tseem ceeb txo cov molecule hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom noj loj ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
ATP yog dab tsi?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) yog lub zog txiaj hauv cov hlwb nyob. Nws yog ib qho nucleotide nrog peb yam tseem ceeb xws li, ribose qab zib, triphosphate pawg thiab adenine puag. ATP molecules dais lub zog siab hauv cov molecules. Yog li, raws li kev thov lub zog rau kev loj hlob thiab cov metabolism, ATP hydrolyses thiab tso tawm nws lub zog rau cov kev xav tau ntawm tes. Peb pawg phosphate ntawm ATP molecule yog alpha (α), beta (β), thiab gamma (γ) phosphates. Cov haujlwm ntawm ATP feem ntau yog nyob ntawm pawg triphosphate vim tias lub zog ntawm ATP los ntawm ob lub zog phosphate bonds (phosphoanhydride bonds) tsim los ntawm pawg phosphate. Cov pab pawg Gamma phosphate yog thawj pawg phosphate hydrolyzed raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub zog, thiab nws nyob deb tshaj plaws ntawm ribose qab zib.
Daim duab 01: ATP
ATP yog ib qho tsis ruaj khov. Li no, hydrolysis ntawm ATP yog ib txwm ua tau los ntawm kev tawm dag zog. Thaum lub davhlau ya nyob twg pawg phosphate tshem tawm ntawm ATP molecule, thiab nws hloov mus rau hauv Adenosindiphoshate (ADP). Qhov kev hloov pauv no tso tawm 30.6 kJ / mol ntawm lub zog rau cov hlwb. ADP hloov rov qab rau hauv ATP tam sim ntawd hauv mitochondria los ntawm enzyme hu ua ATP synthase thaum lub sijhawm ua pa ntawm tes. Cells tsim ATP los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem xws li substrate-theem phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation, thiab photophosphorylation.
Lwm yam uas tsis yog ua haujlwm li lub zog txiaj, ATP ua tiav ob peb lwm yam haujlwm zoo li. Nws ua raws li coenzyme hauv glycolysis. Nws tuaj yeem pom muaj nyob rau hauv nucleic acids thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem ntawm DNA replication thiab transcription. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm chelate hlau.
NADPH yog dab tsi?
NADPH yog ib qho coenzyme uas ua haujlwm raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv ntau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nws tseem yog hu ua txo lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj biochemical. NADPH yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv ntau dua nyob rau hauv lub hlwb. Nws muab electrons thiab ua oxidized, thiab oxidized daim ntawv ntawm NADPH yog NADP +. NADPH ua raws li coenzyme ntawm ntau yam dehydrogenase enzymes.
Figure 02: NADPH
Tsis tas li ntawd, NADPH muaj peev xwm ua kom rov qab oxidation-txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. oxidation ntawm NADPH yog qhov zoo rau thermodynamically. Li no nws yog ib qho exergonic tshuaj tiv thaiv. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv anabolic xws li lipid thiab nucleic acid synthesis, NADPH ua haujlwm ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis. Nyob rau hauv photosynthesis, NADPH ua raws li ib tug txo tus neeg sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub Calvin voj voog kom assimilate CO2 tshuaj formula thiab cov molecular loj ntawm NADPH yog C21H 29N7O17P3 thiab 744.42 g·mol−1.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm ATP thiab NADPH?
- Lawv yog phosphorylated compounds.
- Ob leeg xav tau rau anabolic nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catabolic.
- Lawv muaj zog.
- ob leeg yog nucleotides.
- Ob leeg muaj peb pawg phosphate.
- Ribose nplhaib muaj nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si molecules.
- Thaum lub sijhawm photosynthesis, ATP thiab NADPH tau siv thiab ua ke.
Qhov txawv ntawm ATP thiab NADPH yog dab tsi?
ATP yog ntau lub zog txiaj rau cov hlwb thaum NADPH yog qhov chaw ntawm cov hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem hla mus rau tus txais hluav taws xob. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm ATP yog tias nws ua raws li lub zog loj khaws cia thiab hloov pauv molecule. Ntawm qhov tod tes, NADPH ua haujlwm raws li coenzyme thiab txo lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj biochemical.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ATP thiab NADPH hauv daim ntawv teev npe.
Summary – ATP vs NADPH
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) yog ib qho tseem ceeb nucleotide pom nyob rau hauv hlwb. Nws yog lub npe hu ua lub zog txiaj ntawm lub neej, thiab nws tus nqi tsuas yog thib ob rau DNA ntawm tes. Nws yog lub zog loj molecule uas muaj cov tshuaj formula C10H16N5O 13P3 ATP feem ntau muaj ADP thiab pab pawg phosphate. Muaj peb yam tseem ceeb hauv ATP molecule uas yog ribose qab zib, adenine puag thiab ib pawg triphosphate. NADPH ua haujlwm raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv ntau qhov kev tawm tsam. Nws tuaj yeem raug oxidized (NADP+) thiab txo qis (NADP). Nws kuj ua haujlwm raws li coenzyme ntawm ntau yam dehydrogenase enzymes. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm ATP thiab NADPH.
