Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm polyatomic ions thiab cov tebchaw yog tias cov polyatomic ions muaj qhov zoo lossis tsis zoo hluav taws xob thaum lub tebchaw tsis muaj nqi hluav taws xob.
A polyatomic ion yog ib lo lus uas peb siv los sau npe tshuaj hom muaj ob lossis ntau lub atoms uas muaj cov nqi hluav taws xob tsis zoo lossis qhov zoo. Tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm cov ion no yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no hauv txhua lub atom; Yog hais tias muaj ntau electrons ntau tshaj li tag nrho cov protons nyob rau hauv atoms, nws tau txais ib tug net tsis zoo nqi thiab vice versa. Compounds, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog hom tshuaj uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob. Lawv muaj cov lej sib npaug ntawm electrons thiab protons.
YYuav ua li cas yog Polyatomic Ions?
Polyatomic ions yog hom tshuaj muaj ob lossis ntau dua atoms thiab cov nqi hluav taws xob. Tus nqi hluav taws xob no tuaj yeem yog tus nqi zoo lossis tus nqi tsis zoo nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus electrons thiab protons muaj nyob rau hauv hom tshuaj. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm hom no yog "molecular ion". Cov atoms khi nrog ib leeg covalently. Peb tuaj yeem xav txog qee cov hlau ua haujlwm ua polyatomic ions yog tias lawv ua raws li ib chav tsev. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, monoatomic ions yog ib tug atoms, uas nqa ib tug nqi hluav taws xob. Peb tuaj yeem pom cov ions no hauv cov ntsev ntsev, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, thiab ntau lwm cov ionic compounds; ua ib feem ntawm lub compound.
Daim duab 01: Ib Nitrate Ion
Qee yam piv txwv ntawm polyatomic ions:
- Acetate ion (CH3COO–)
- Benzoate ion (C6H5COO–)
- 32–)
- Cyanide ion (CN–)
- –)
- 2–)
- Ammonium ion (NH4+)
YCarbonate ion (CO
YHydroxide ion (OH
Nitrite ion (NO
Dab tsi yog Cov Khoom Siv?
Cov tshuaj yog hom tshuaj uas muaj cov molecules zoo tib yam muaj cov atoms ntawm ob lossis ntau cov tshuaj lom neeg. Yog li ntawd, cov hom tshuaj no tsis nqa cov nqi hluav taws xob. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog hom nruab nrab. Cov atoms khi nrog ib leeg ntawm ob qho kev sib cog lus, kev sib koom ua ke, lossis ionic bonds. Ntxiv mus, yog hais tias muaj ib tug molecule uas muaj ob los yog ntau tshaj atoms ntawm tib lub caij sib txuas rau ib leeg, nws tsis yog ib qho compound vim tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus sib txawv.
Daim duab 02: Ib Lub Dej Molecule
Ntxiv mus, raws li lub ntsiab lus, muaj 4 hom kev sib txuas hauv qab no:
- Molecules muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv
- Ionic compounds muaj ionic bonds
- Intermetallic compounds uas muaj metallic bonds
- Kev sib koom ua ke muaj xws li kev sib koom ua lag luam
Peb tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj formula txhawm rau qhia cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab qhov sib piv ntawm lawv tam sim no hauv ib qho chaw. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj formula ntawm cov dej molecule yog H2O. Nws muaj ob lub hydrogen atoms thiab ib qho oxygen atom, tab sis cov molecule tsis muaj net hluav taws xob; yog li nws yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg.
Qhov txawv ntawm Polyatomic Ions thiab Cov Khoom Sib Txuas yog dab tsi?
Polyatomic ions yog hom tshuaj muaj ob lossis ntau dua atoms thiab cov nqi hluav taws xob. Lawv muaj qhov zoo lossis tsis zoo hluav taws xob. Compounds yog hom tshuaj uas muaj cov molecules zoo tib yam muaj cov atoms ntawm ob los yog ntau tshaj cov tshuaj. Lawv tsis muaj tus nqi hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm polyatomic ions thiab cov tebchaw. Ntxiv mus, polyatomic ions muaj xws li covalent bonds los yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov atoms. Whereas, cov tebchaw yuav muaj covalent bonds, ionic bonds, metallic bonds los yog coordination bonds ntawm atoms.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm polyatomic ions thiab cov tebchaw hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Polyatomic Ions vs Compounds
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm polyatomic ions thiab cov tebchaw yog tias polyatomic ions muaj qhov zoo lossis tsis zoo hluav taws xob thaum cov tebchaw tsis muaj nqi hluav taws xob. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim hais tias polyatomic ions muaj qhov tsis sib npaug ntawm cov electrons thiab protons thaum cov tebchaw muaj cov lej sib npaug ntawm electron thiab protons.
