Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Resonance vs Tautomerism
Isomerism yog ib qho tshuaj phenomenon uas piav qhia cov qauv ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas muaj tib lub qauv molecular nrog cov qauv sib txawv thiab cov khoom. Isomerism yog qhov muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv molecular thiab cov txheej txheem spatial ntawm tib cov qauv molecular. Isomers tau muab faib ua ob pawg raws li kev cai lij choj isomers thiab stereoisomers. Tautomers yog hom kev cai lij choj isomers. Cov no yog cov organic tebchaw uas nkag interconvert. Resonance, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm chemistry uas piav qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ib leeg khub thiab daim ntawv cog lus electron rau lub polarity ntawm ib qho chaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm resonance thiab tautomerism yog tias resonance tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ib leeg electron khub thiab daim ntawv cog lus electron khub whereas tautomerism tshwm sim vim kev hloov pauv ntawm cov organic tebchaw los ntawm kev hloov lub proton.
Resonance yog dab tsi?
Resonance yog ib lub tswv yim tshuaj uas piav txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ib leeg electron khub thiab daim ntawv cog lus electron khub ntawm ib qho chaw. Cov nyhuv no nws thiaj li txiav txim siab qhov tseeb cov qauv ntawm cov organic lossis inorganic compound. Cov nyhuv resonance tuaj yeem pom hauv cov tebchaw uas muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab ib leeg electron khub. Lub resonance ua rau polarity ntawm molecules.
Cov nyhuv resonance stabilizes ib qho chaw los ntawm delocalizing electrons hauv pi bonds. Cov hluav taws xob hauv cov molecules tuaj yeem txav mus los ntawm atomic nuclei vim tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis muaj qhov chaw ruaj khov ntawm atoms. Yog li ntawd, ib leeg electron khub tuaj yeem txav mus rau pi bonds thiab vice versa. Qhov no tshwm sim thiaj li tau txais lub xeev ruaj khov. Cov txheej txheem electron txav no hu ua resonance. Cov qauv resonance tuaj yeem siv tau kom tau txais cov qauv ruaj khov tshaj plaws ntawm cov molecule.
Daim duab 01: Resonance Structures of Phenol
Ib lub molecule tuaj yeem muaj ntau lub qauv resonance raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov khub ib leeg thiab pi daim ntawv cog lus tam sim no hauv cov molecule. Tag nrho cov qauv resonance ntawm ib lub molecule muaj tib tus naj npawb ntawm cov electrons thiab tib qhov kev npaj ntawm atoms. Qhov tseeb qauv ntawm cov molecule yog ib tug hybrid qauv nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov resonance qauv. Cov nyhuv resonance tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv ob hom;
- zoo resonance effect
- Nugative resonance effect
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo resonance piav qhia txog qhov resonance uas tuaj yeem pom hauv cov tebchaw uas muaj cov nqi zoo. Tom qab ntawd cov txiaj ntsig zoo resonance pab kom stabilize tus nqi zoo hauv cov molecule. Cov nyhuv tsis zoo resonance piav qhia txog kev ruaj khov ntawm cov nqi tsis zoo hauv cov molecule. Txawm li cas los xij, cov qauv hybrid uas tau txais los ntawm kev txiav txim siab resonance muaj qis zog dua li tag nrho cov qauv resonance.
Tautomerism yog dab tsi?
Tautomerism yog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm muaj ntau lub tebchaw uas muaj peev xwm ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm proton. Cov nyhuv no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov amino acids thiab nucleic acids. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv yog hu ua tautomerization. Nws yog tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ntawm no, kev hloov chaw ntawm protons txhais tau hais tias kev sib pauv ntawm hydrogen atom ntawm ob hom atoms. Cov atom hydrogen tsim ib daim ntawv cog lus nrog cov atom tshiab uas tau txais cov hydrogen atom. Cov tautomers muaj nyob rau hauv equilibrium nrog ib leeg. Lawv ib txwm muaj nyob hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm ob hom kev sib xyaw txij li lawv sim npaj cov ntawv tautomeric cais.
Daim duab 02: Tautomerism
Thaum lub sij hawm tautomerization, carbon skeleton ntawm ib molecule tsis hloov. Tsuas yog txoj hauj lwm ntawm protons thiab electrons hloov. Lub tautomerization yog ib qho tshuaj intramolecular txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm ib daim ntawv ntawm tautomer rau hauv ib daim ntawv sib txawv. Ib qho piv txwv zoo yog keto-enol Tautomerism. Nws yog ib qho kua qaub los yog lub hauv paus catalyzed cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Feem ntau, keto daim ntawv ntawm cov organic compound yog ruaj khov dua, tab sis hauv qee lub xeev, daim ntawv enol yog ruaj khov dua li daim ntawv keto.
Qhov txawv ntawm Resonance thiab Tautomerism yog dab tsi?
Resonance vs Tautomerism |
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| Resonance yog ib lub tswv yim tshuaj uas piav txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ib leeg electron khub thiab daim ntawv cog lus electron khub ntawm ib qho compound. | Tautomerism yog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm muaj ntau lub tebchaw uas muaj peev xwm ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm proton. |
| txheej txheem | |
| Resonance yog qhov muaj ntau hom (ntawm tib cov tshuaj sib xyaw) uas txiav txim siab cov qauv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw. | Tautomerism yog qhov muaj ob (lossis ntau dua) cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tib lub ntsiab lus uas muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib hloov. |
| Txoj Kev Ncaj Ncees | |
| Resonance qauv tsis muaj nyob hauv qhov sib npaug. | Tautomers muaj nyob rau hauv kev sib npaug nrog ib leeg. |
| Kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw | |
| Cov qauv Resonance tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev hloov chaw ntawm daim ntawv cog lus electrons thiab ib leeg electron khub. | Tautomers tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev hloov chaw ntawm proton (thiab electrons). |
Summary – Resonance vs Tautomerism
Resonance thiab Tautomerism yog cov ntsiab lus tshuaj tseem ceeb. Resonance yog siv los txiav txim qhov tseeb qauv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Tautomerism txiav txim siab cov qauv tshuaj ntawm ib qho chaw, uas ruaj khov tshaj plaws ntawm cov xwm txheej. Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm ob nqe lus. Qhov txawv ntawm resonance thiab tautomerism yog tias resonance tshwm sim vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib leeg electron khub thiab daim ntawv cog lus electron khub whereas tautomerism tshwm sim vim kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov organic tebchaw los ntawm kev hloov lub proton.
