Qhov Tseem Ceeb - B Cell Receptor vs T Cell Receptor
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev yog tsim los ntawm cov leukocytes uas tawm tsam cov kab mob nkag mus xws li kab mob thiab kab mob. Ntau hom leukocytes nrog cov haujlwm sib txawv muaj nyob hauv tib neeg lub cev. B hlwb thiab T hlwb yog cov leukocytes loj uas koom nrog hauv kev pib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. B hlwb ua haujlwm hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb uas koom nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob humoral adaptive. T hlwb koom nrog hauv cell mediated adaptive teb. Cov lus teb sib txawv yog pib los ntawm ob lub hlwb. Cov receptors pom nyob rau hauv B hlwb thiab T hlwb hu ua B cell receptors thiab T cell receptors feem. Cov txheej txheem kuaj pom ntawm antigens txawv raws li hom leukocyte li, xws li B cell lossis T cell. B cell receptors khi rau soluble antigens uas tam sim no dawb do thaum T cell receptors tsuas paub txog antigens thaum tso tawm ntawm Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm B cell receptor thiab T cell receptor.
B Cell Receptor yog dab tsi?
B cell receptor (BCR) yog ib qho transmembrane receptor protein nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm B hlwb. B hlwb raug tsim raws li kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha pob txha. Kev txhim kho B cell yog pib los ntawm kev tsim cov khoom ua haujlwm ua ntej B cell receptor (pre-BCR). Lub pre-BCR muaj ob lub immunoglobulin hnyav chains thiab ob surrogate lub teeb chains. Cov chains no koom tes nrog IgA thiab IgB uas yog cov cim qhia txog cov molecules. Cov BCRs uas tseem hu ua ib qho membrane proteins nyob hauv ntau cov ntawv luam zoo tib yam ntawm qhov chaw ntawm B hlwb.
B cell receptor complex yog tsim los ntawm antigen binding subunit (MIg) uas yog ua los ntawm ob lub immunoglobulin hnyav chains thiab ob lub immunoglobulin lub teeb chains thiab ib tug disulphide- txuas heterodimer ntawm Ig-alpha thiab Ig-beta proteins ua ke, uas ua ib tug signaling subunit. Cov chains hnyav ntawm BCRs muaj xws li cov noob xws li 51 VH, 25 DH, 6 JH thiab 9 CH. 51 VH ntu uas encode N terminal ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov N davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj xws li thawj ob thaj chaw hyper-variable. 25 DH ntu yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov noob caj noob ces uas encodes thib peb ntawm thaj tsam hyper-variable. 6 JH yog qhov sib koom ua ntu ntu uas nkag mus rau thaj tsam V, thiab ntu 9 CH tau nkag mus rau C thaj tsam ntawm BCR.
Daim duab 01: B Cell Receptor
BCRs muaj qhov tshwj xeeb khi, thiab qhov chaw no khi rau thaj tsam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hu ua antigenic determinant. Kev khi yog pab los ntawm cov tsis-covalent rog, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov receptor nto thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antigenic. Yog tias BCR muaj nyob rau saum npoo ntawm B lymphocytes, nws xa cov cim intracellular uas pab tswj kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab kev sib txawv thaum tseem khi rau cov antigens tshwj xeeb los tsim kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov hlwb nco uas txav mus los ntawm kev ncig los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kuj yog tsim los ntawm kev ua kom BCRs. Cov antigens uas raug khi rau qhov no, tshwm sim nrog kev cuam tshuam los ntawm B hlwb vim receptor-mediated endocytosis. Tom qab ntawd cov antigens tau raug zom rau hauv cov khoom me me thiab tom qab ntawd tso tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlwb hauv chav kawm II histocompatibility molecule.
T Cell Receptor yog dab tsi?
T cell receptor (TCR) pom nyob rau saum npoo ntawm T lymphocytes. TCRs muaj nuj nqi yog kom paub txog cov khoom txawv teb chaws hu ua antigens los pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Thaum lub sijhawm ib txwm muaj, lub cev tsim thiab tsim ntau T hlwb, thiab txhua lub hlwb muaj TCR tshwj xeeb ntawm nws qhov chaw. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm TCR tshwm sim vim yog recombination ntawm cov noob uas encode TCRs ua ntej ntsib cov antigens. Nyob rau saum npoo ntawm T cell, TCRs zoo ib yam tshwm sim hauv ntau qhov ntau. Cov antigens uas khi nrog TCRs yog cov peptide me me uas yog cov epitopes uas tshwm sim los ntawm phagocytosis ntawm cov kab mob txawv teb chaws. Cov epitopes no tau tso tawm los ntawm Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules.
T hlwb muaj ob hom. Cytotoxic T cells (Tc) thiab Helper T cells (Th). TCRs tam sim no ntawm Tc hlwb paub txog txawv teb chaws epitopes uas tau nthuav tawm los ntawm MHC Class I molecules. Lawv muaj peev xwm los sib txawv nonself (txawv teb chaws) antigens los ntawm tus kheej-antigens. Yog li ntawd, nws tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv lub cev ntawm tus kheej cov hlwb. Th cells paub txog antigens tso tawm ntawm MHC Class II molecules. Ib qho chaw glycoprotein CD8 hauv Tc hlwb thiab CD4 hauv Th koom nrog thaum lub sij hawm kev khi ntawm txawv teb chaws epitope rau ob hom T hlwb. CD4 thiab CD8 co-receptors paub txog cov antigens uas nthuav tawm ntawm MHC Class II thiab MHC Class I molecules feem.
Daim duab 02: T Cell Receptor
TCR yog ib qho transmembrane heterodimer uas yog tsim los ntawm ob txoj hlua. Koj tus qauv ntawm TCR tsis txaus rau kev hloov lub teeb liab. Qhov no tshwm sim vim qhov luv cytoplasmic chains lawv muaj. Txhawm rau kov yeej cov xwm txheej no, TCRs koom nrog CD3 transmembrane proteins. CDS complex muaj ntau subunits uas muaj xws li CDe, CDg, CDd thiab Z (CDz). Qhov no tsim TCR complex uas muaj peev xwm hloov tau lub teeb liab.
Vim muaj txoj hauv kev los khi tus kheej-antigen los ntawm TCR, ib zaug ib qho antigen tau khi rau TCR, nws tsis pib tiv thaiv kab mob tam sim ntawd. Qhov no yog hu ua T cell tolerance. Txhawm rau pib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, T cell (TCR) yuav tsum muaj lub teeb liab thib ob hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov co-stimulatory molecule tau los ntawm ib qho antigen nthuav tawm cell.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm B Cell Receptor thiab T Cell Receptor?
- Ob lub receptors yog ib qho membrane proteins.
- Tshuaj rau ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm ntau daim ntawv luam zoo ib yam.
- Ob hom muaj qhov sib txuas tshwj xeeb.
- Ob hom receptors yog encoded los ntawm cov noob uas tau sib sau ua ke los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm ntu ntawm DNA.
- Ob lub receptors khi rau qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antigen, thiab kev khi tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsis muaj zog.
Qhov txawv ntawm B Cell Receptor thiab T Cell Receptor yog dab tsi?
B Cell Receptor vs T Cell Receptor |
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| B cell receptor yog transmembrane receptor protein nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm B hlwb. | T cell receptor yog ib qho antigen pom cov molecule nyob rau saum npoo ntawm T lymphocytes. |
| Recognition of Epitope-antigens | |
| B cell receptor paub txog cov antigens soluble. | T cell receptor paub txog antigens tso tawm ntawm MHC Class I thiab MHC Class II molecules. |
Summary – B Cell Receptor vs T Cell Receptor
B hlwb thiab T hlwb yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Ob lub hlwb muaj cell nto receptors hu ua BCR thiab TCR feem. Ob leeg receptors yog ib qho membrane proteins thiab tam sim no nyob rau ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes raws li ntau cov ntawv luam. Ob leeg BCR thiab TCR muaj qhov sib txuas tshwj xeeb. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev lees paub ntawm antigens. Cov BCRs ntes thiab khi rau cov antigens soluble uas tam sim no dawb do thaum TCR tsuas paub txog antigens thaum tso tawm ntawm Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm B cell receptor thiab T cell receptor.
Download the PDF Version of B Cell Receptor vs T Cell Receptor
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm B cell Receptor thiab T cell Receptor
