Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Ib txwm vs Anomalous Zeeman Effect
Xyoo 1896, Dutch physicists Pieter Zeeman tau soj ntsuam kev sib cais ntawm cov kab spectral emissions los ntawm atoms nyob rau hauv sodium chloride, thaum nws tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj zog magnetic teb. Daim ntawv yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tshwm sim no tau qhia raws li cov nyhuv Zeeman. Cov nyhuv tau nkag siab zoo tom qab nrog kev qhia txog kev xav ntawm electron tsim los ntawm H. A. Lorentz. Cov nyhuv anomalous Zeeman tau tshawb pom tom qab ntawd nrog kev tshawb pom ntawm cov kiv cua ntawm cov hluav taws xob hauv xyoo 1925. Kev sib cais ntawm cov kab spectral emitted los ntawm atoms muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw sib nqus feem ntau hu ua Zeeman effect. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm Zeeman nyhuv, cov kab yog faib ua peb kab, whereas nyob rau hauv anomalous Zeeman nyhuv, lub splitting yog complex. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov qub thiab anomalous Zeeman nyhuv.
Zeem Zeeman Effect yog dab tsi?
Normal Zeeman nyhuv yog qhov tshwm sim uas piav qhia txog kev sib cais ntawm cov kab spectral rau hauv peb yam hauv thaj chaw sib nqus thaum pom nyob rau hauv ib qho kev coj mus rau qhov chaw sib nqus. Cov nyhuv no tau piav qhia los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm classical physics. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm Zeeman nyhuv, tsuas yog orbital angular momentum yog xam. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub spin angular momentum yog xoom. Cov nyhuv Zeeman ib txwm siv tau rau kev hloov pauv ntawm singlet xeev hauv atoms. Cov ntsiab lus uas muab cov nyhuv Zeeman ib txwm muaj xws li He, Zn, Cd, Hg, thiab lwm yam.
Dab tsi yog Anomalous Zeeman Effect?
Anomalous Zeeman effect yog qhov tshwm sim uas piav qhia txog kev sib cais ntawm cov kab spectral mus rau plaub lossis ntau dua cov khoom hauv thaj chaw sib nqus thaum pom nyob rau hauv ib qho kev coj mus rau qhov chaw sib nqus. Cov nyhuv no yog complex tsis zoo li ib txwm Zeeman nyhuv; Yog li, nws tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm quantum mechanics. Cov atoms nrog spin angular momentum qhia qhov anomalous Zeeman nyhuv. Na, Cr, thiab lwm yam., yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas qhia cov nyhuv no.
Daim duab 01: Ib txwm thiab Anomalous Zeeman Effect
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Ib txwm thiab Anomalous Zeeman Effect?
Nco vs Anomalous Zeeman Effect |
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| Kev sib cais ntawm kab spectral ntawm ib lub atom rau hauv peb kab hauv qhov sib nqus yog hu ua Zeeman effect. | Kev sib cais ntawm kab spectral ntawm ib lub atom mus rau plaub los yog ntau tshaj kab nyob rau hauv lub magnetic teb yog hu ua anomalous Zeeman effect. |
| Basi | |
| Qhov no yog piav qhia los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm classical physics. | Qhov no yog to taub los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm quantum mechanics. |
| Magnetic Momentum | |
| Magnetic moment is vim orbital angular momentum. | Lub sijhawm sib nqus yog vim ob lub orbital thiab nonzero spin angular momentum |
| Elements | |
| Calcium, tooj liab, zinc, thiab cadmium yog qee cov ntsiab lus uas qhia cov nyhuv no. | Sodium thiab chromium yog ob lub ntsiab lus uas qhia cov nyhuv no. |
Summary – Ib txwm vs Anomalous Zeeman Effect
Zeem Zeeman nyhuv thiab anomalous Zeeman nyhuv yog ob qhov tshwm sim uas piav qhia vim li cas spectral kab ntawm atoms tau muab faib rau hauv ib qho chaw sib nqus. Zeeman nyhuv yog thawj zaug qhia los ntawm Pieter Zeeman hauv 1896. Cov nyhuv Zeeman ib txwm yog vim tsuas yog orbital angular momentum uas faib cov kab spectral rau hauv peb kab. Cov nyhuv anomalous Zeeman yog vim tsis muaj xoom spin angular momentum, tsim plaub los yog ntau tshaj spectral kab splitting. Li no, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias qhov tsis zoo ntawm Zeeman nyhuv yog qhov zoo ib yam Zeeman nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov kiv cua lub zog, sib nrug ntawm lub orbital angular momentum. Yog li, tsuas muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm qhov qub thiab tsis zoo Zeeman nyhuv.
Download PDF Version of Normal vs Anomalous Zeeman Effect
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov rub tawm PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Ib txwm thiab Anomalous Zeeman Effect.
