Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Allylic vs Vinylic Carbons
Cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tseem ceeb heev hauv kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov organic molecules. Cov ntsiab lus allylic thiab vinyl carbons qhia seb cov pa roj carbon atom yog sib txuas ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj nraim rau ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv ib lub molecule. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm allylic thiab vinylic carbon yog tias allylic carbon yog cov pa roj carbon atom nyob ib sab ntawm ob-bonded carbon atom whereas vinylic carbon atom yog ib qho ntawm ob lub atoms uas sib koom ob daim ntawv cog lus.
Allylic Carbon yog dab tsi?
Allylic Carbon tuaj yeem piav qhia tias yog carbon atom uas nyob ib sab ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus. Cov pa roj carbon atom no yog qhov ze tshaj rau ob daim ntawv cog lus, tab sis nws tsis yog ib feem ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov pa roj carbon atom no tau sib koom ua ke rau cov pa roj carbon atom uas nyob rau hauv lem yog ob npaug sib txuas rau lwm cov pa roj carbon atom. Cov pa roj carbon atoms hauv ob daim ntawv cog lus yog sp2 hybridized. Tab sis cov allylic carbon yog sp3 hybridized. Nws raug khi rau sp2 hybridized carbon atom los ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus. Lub electron ceev nyob ib ncig ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom yog qis dua li ntawm carbon atoms nyob rau hauv ob daim ntawv cog lus. Cov qauv dav dav tuaj yeem muab tau raws li CH3-CH=CH2 Raws li nws tsis raug khi ncaj qha rau ob daim ntawv cog lus, cov pa roj carbon no tsis cuam tshuam. los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus xws li electrophilic ntxiv. Hydrogen atoms sib koom ua ke rau cov allylic carbon no hu ua allylic hydrogen. Allylic carbon tuaj yeem ua raws li tus choj uas sib txuas cov saw hlau thiab ob daim ntawv cog lus. Ntawm no, daim ntawv cog lus C-H tsis muaj zog dua li C-H daim ntawv cog lus. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov electrons nyob ib ncig ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide no raug tshem tawm los ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus. Yog li ntawd, cov chaw no yog reactive heev.
Daim duab 01: Lub atom hauv liab yog Allylic carbon.
Vinylic Carbon yog dab tsi?
Vinylic carbon yog cov pa roj carbon uas koom nrog ob daim ntawv cog lus nrog lwm cov pa roj carbon. Nws yog sp2 hybridized. Vinylic carbon ua ob daim ntawv cog lus nrog lwm cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas tseem yog sp2 hybridized. Ob qho carbons koom nrog hauv daim ntawv cog lus no yog vinylic carbons. Electron ceev nyob ib ncig ntawm cov atoms yog siab dua qhov ceev ntawm allylic carbon atoms. Cov qauv dav dav tuaj yeem muab tau raws li CH2=CH2
Vinylic carbon yog ib hom alkenyl ua haujlwm pab pawg vim cov pa roj carbon nyob rau hauv alkene functional pawg. Cov pab pawg vinylic yog muab los ntawm cov khoom sib txuam alken. Yog li ntawd, cov pa roj no tseem hu ua alkenyl carbon. Qee lub sij hawm cov pa roj carbon no tuaj yeem txuas rau lwm cov carbons ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus los ntawm nws ob sab. Tom qab ntawd tag nrho peb cov pa roj carbon atom hu ua vinylic carbons. Cov qauv no tuaj yeem muab tau raws li, CH2=C=CH2 Txij li cov carbons no ncaj qha sib txuas rau ob daim ntawv cog lus, lawv tau txais cov kev cuam tshuam xws li raws li electrophilic ntxiv.
Daim duab 02: Allylic thiab Vinylic Carbons
Qhov txawv ntawm Allylic thiab Vinylic Carbon yog dab tsi?
Allylic vs Vinylic Carbon |
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| Allylic carbon yog cov pa roj carbon atom sib txuas rau cov pa roj carbon atom uas tig los ua ob npaug rau lwm cov pa roj carbon atom. | Vinylic carbon yog cov pa roj carbon uas koom nrog ob daim ntawv cog lus nrog lwm cov pa roj carbon. |
| Hybridization | |
| Carbon atom hauv pawg allylic yog sp3 hybridized. | Vinylic carbon yog sp2 hybridized. |
| Daim Ntawv Length | |
| C-H daim ntawv cog lus ntev hauv allylic carbon ntau dua. | Vinylic C=H daim ntawv cog lus qis dua. |
| Daim ntawv cog lus | |
| Allylic carbon tsuas yog tsim ib daim ntawv cog lus xwb. | Vinylic carbon tuaj yeem muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus ntawm nws sab lossis ib daim ntawv cog lus ob. Nws tsim tsawg kawg yog ib daim ntawv cog lus ob npaug. |
| Allylic carbon tuaj yeem muaj qhov siab tshaj ntawm 3 hydrogen atoms. | Vinylic carbon tuaj yeem tsuas muaj ob lub pa roj carbon monoxide ntau tshaj plaws. |
| Carbon Atom thiab Ob Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj | |
| Allylic carbon ua tus choj los ua ke ob daim ntawv cog lus nrog rau qhov seem ntawm cov molecule. | Vinylic carbon ua ob daim ntawv cog lus. |
Summary – Allylic vs Vinylic Carbon
Qhov txawv ntawm Allylic thiab Vinylic carbon nyob ntawm seb cov pa roj carbon atom puas sib txuas ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj rau ob daim ntawv cog lus. Allylic carbon indirectly cuam tshuam rau ob daim ntawv cog lus whereas vinylic carbon yog ncaj qha koom nyob rau hauv ib tug ob daim ntawv cog lus. Lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Allylic thiab Vinylic carbon yog cov allylic carbon yog sp3 hybridized qhov twg vinylic carbon yog sp2 hybridized.
