Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Prosthetic Group vs Coenzyme
Enzymes yog cov khoom siv roj ntsha ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwm sim hauv cov hlwb. Qee cov enzymes xav tau cov molecules pab lossis tus khub molecules los catalyze biochemical tshuaj. Cov molecules no hu ua cofactors. Cofactors yog non-protein molecules uas pab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mus ntxiv. Lawv pab nce tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cofactors tuaj yeem yog inorganic lossis organic. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm ntau hom molecules xws li cov vitamins, hlau ions, non-vitamin molecules, thiab lwm yam. Prosthetic pab pawg neeg thiab coenzyme yog ob hom pab molecules ntawm enzymes. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pab pawg neeg prosthetic thiab coenzyme yog cov pab pawg neeg prosthetic nruj nreem khi nrog cov enzyme los pab enzyme thaum coenzyme loosely khi nrog ib qho enzyme los txhawb nws txoj haujlwm catalytic. Prosthetic pawg tuaj yeem yog cov organic molecules lossis hlau ions thaum coenzymes yog cov organic molecules tag nrho.
Pab Prosthetic yog dab tsi?
Ib pawg prosthetic yog cofactor uas khi nruj rau cov enzyme thiab pab ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj. Lawv yog cov tsis muaj protein ntau molecules. Lawv tuaj yeem yog cov organic molecules me me lossis hlau ions. Vim yog kev sib khi nruj rau cov enzymes, cov pab pawg prosthetic nyuaj rau tshem tawm ntawm cov enzymes. Yog li, nws tau txiav txim siab tias qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov pab pawg prosthetic thiab enzyme yog qhov ruaj khov tsis zoo li hauv coenzymes. Thaum khi, lawv tuaj yeem ua raws li cov qauv tsim lossis ua tus nqi thauj khoom. Piv txwv li, prosthetic pab pawg heme hauv hemoglobin thiab myoglobin tso cai rau kev khi thiab tso tawm cov pa oxygen raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Muaj qee cov vitamins uas ua raws li pawg prosthetic rau enzymes.
Daim duab 01: Prosthetic pawg heme hauv hemoglobin molecule
Coenzyme yog dab tsi?
Coenzyme yog ib hom cofactor uas pab cov enzymes ua lawv txoj haujlwm. Lawv koom nrog hauv kev nce tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Coenzymes yog cov tsis muaj protein ntau uas ua haujlwm nrog cov enzymes. Lawv yog cov organic molecules me me (carbon-muaj molecules) feem ntau muab tau los ntawm cov vitamins. Lawv khi xoob nrog lub active site ntawm lub enzyme thiab pab lawv nyob rau hauv kev pom, attracting thiab repulsing substrates. Lub xub ntiag ntawm coenzyme yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qee cov enzymes los pib thiab ua tiav cov haujlwm catalytic. Lawv ua raws li cov neeg nqa khoom nruab nrab thiab cosubstrates ib yam nkaus.
Coenzymes tsis yog tshwj xeeb rau enzymes. Lawv tuaj yeem khi nrog ntau hom enzymes thiab pab lawv ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog reusable. Cov coenzymes no tuaj yeem hloov lawv cov qauv rau hauv lwm hom ntawv thaum nws tseem ceeb. Coenzymes tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib leeg. Lawv yuav tsum khi nrog lub enzyme. Thaum ib coenzyme khi nrog apoenzyme nws dhau los ua ib qho holoenzyme uas yog daim ntawv nquag ntawm cov enzyme uas catalyzes cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Piv txwv ntawm coenzymes suav nrog vitamin C, vitamin B, S-adenosyl methionine, ATP, coenzyme A, thiab lwm yam.
Daim duab 02: Coenzyme
Qhov txawv ntawm Prosthetic Group thiab Coenzyme yog dab tsi?
YProsthetic Group vs Coenzyme |
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| Prosthetic pab pawg yog ib hom kev pab cuam molecule uas yog ib qho tsis muaj protein ntau uas pab cov enzymes ua lawv txoj haujlwm. | Coenzyme yog ib hom cofactor molecule uas yog cov organic molecule uas pab cov enzymes rau catalyze tshuaj. |
| Bond nrog Enzymes | |
| Lawv khi nruj los yog sib npaug nrog cov enzymes los pab cov enzymes. | Lawv khi xoob nrog qhov chaw nquag ntawm cov enzyme los pab catalytic muaj nuj nqi. |
| Prosthetic pawg yog hlau ions, vitamins, lipids, los yog qab zib. | Coenzymes yog cov vitamins, vitamin derivatives lossis nucleotides. |
| Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb | |
| Prosthetic pab pawg tsuas yog muab cov khoom ntiag tug rau cov enzyme. | Coenzyme tsuas yog muab cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm rau lub enzyme. |
| Kev tshem tawm ntawm Enzyme | |
| Cov pab pawg pob txha tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm yooj yim ntawm cov enzymes. | Coenzymes tuaj yeem tshem tawm yooj yim ntawm cov enzymes. |
| Examples | |
| Piv txwv suav nrog flavin nucleotides thiab heme. | Piv txwv suav nrog AMP, ATP, coenzyme A, FAD, thiab NAD+, S-adenosyl methionine |
Summary – Prosthetic Group vs Coenzyme
Cofactors yog tus pab molecules ntawm enzymes. Lawv tsis yog cov proteins thiab yog inorganic lossis organic molecules. Coenzymes thiab prosthetic pawg yog ob hom kev pab cuam molecules. Ib coenzyme yog ib qho organic molecule uas khi xoob nrog cov enzymes los pab cuam tshuam. Ib pab pawg neeg prosthetic yog cov organic molecule los yog hlau hlau uas khi nruj nreem los yog covalently nrog cov enzyme los pab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm pawg prosthetic thiab coenzyme. Ob pawg yog rov siv tau thiab tsis yog tshwj xeeb rau cov enzymes.
