Qhov Tseem Ceeb - HTST vs UHT Pasteurization Techniques
Pasteurization txhais tau tias yog kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kua (raws li mis nyuj) ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau lub sijhawm uas cuam tshuam cov kab mob uas tsis pom zoo yam tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg hloov pauv loj ntawm cov khoom. Nws tau tsim los ntawm Louis Pasteur. Hauv HTST Pasteurization, cov khoom tau raug kub qis dua (71.7 ° C, yuav luag ib nrab ntawm qhov ntsuas kub uas yog siv rau UHT txoj kev) ntev (15 vib nas this) piv rau UHT Pasteurization. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm HTST thiab UHT cov txheej txheem pasteurization thiab qhov sib txawv ntxiv tau piav qhia hauv kab lus no.
HTST Pasteurization Technique yog dab tsi?
HTST yog cov txheej txheem pasteurization ntau tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam mis nyuj. HTST stands rau Kub Kub, Lub Sijhawm luv. Nws tseem hu ua flash pasteurization. Nws yog ib txoj kev ntawm pasteurizing perishable dej haus xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub kua txiv, npias, kosher thiab caw. Pasteurization ua rau cov khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev noj thiab ncua lub txee lub neej piv rau cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Nws tshem tawm spoilage microorganisms. Qhov no tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1993 thiab pom 99.99% txo cov kab mob phem. Qhov no yog txoj kev sai thiab siv zog, thiab nws tswj cov xim thiab tsw ntawm cov khoom feem ntau.
Raws li US tus qauv kev cai rau cov kua mis pasteurization, mis nyuj raug 71.7 ° C (161 ° F) li 15 vib nas this thiaj li tua Coxiella burnetii (cov kab mob uas tiv taus cua sov tshaj plaws hauv cov mis nyuj nyoos). Nws kuj tua cov kab mob feem ntau xws li Salmonella, E.coli, thiab Listeria.
Basic Steps of HTST Pasteurization of Mis
- Cov mis nyuj txias yog pub rau cog pasteurization
- Cov mis nyuj nkag mus rau hauv cov cua sov regenerative ntawm phaj kub exchanger.
- Nyob rau hauv seem regenerating, cov mis nyuj txias yog pumped los ntawm cov chav A (kawg tooj nyob rau hauv series ntawm chambers) thaum cov mis nyuj uas twb tau rhuab thiab pasteurized yog twj tso kua mis los ntawm lub B chambers (txawm tooj chambers).
- Cov mis nyuj kub kub dhau mus rau cov kua mis txias los ntawm cov phaj hlau. Qhov no sov cov mis nyuj rau 57 - 68 ° C (134.6-154.4 ° F)
- Tom ntej no, mis nyuj hla mus rau ntu cua sov ntawm lub phaj kub exchanger. Cov dej kub hauv B chamber heats cov mis nyuj mus txog 72 ° C (71.7 ° C).
- Tom qab ntawd nws dhau los ntawm lub raj tuav thiab siv sijhawm 15 vib nas this los ua kom tiav cov lus los ntawm kev ua tiav lub sijhawm xav tau ntawm HTST pasteurization.
- Tom qab ntawd, nws rov xa mus rau qhov chaw rov tsim dua tshiab uas cov mis nyuj rov txias rau 32 ° C.
- Tom qab ntawd cov cua txias ntawm lub phaj kub hloov pauv siv cov dej txias lossis dej txias kom coj cov kua mis pasteurized rau 4 ° C.
UHT Pasteurization Technique yog dab tsi?
UHT Pasteurization tseem hu ua Ultra-High-Temperature (UHT) Pasteurization. Qhov no feem ntau suav nrog cov mis nyuj sov lossis qab zib rau 140 ° C (284 ° F) rau 4 vib nas this. Cov mis nyuj yog ntim rau hauv cov thawv uas tsis muaj tshuaj hermetically-sealed. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem khaws cia ntev txog 90 hnub yam tsis muaj lub tub yees txias. UHT feem ntau siv rau hauv cov kua mis pasteurization tab sis kuj tseem siv tau rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qab zib, kua mis, yogurt, cawv, kua zaub, zib ntab, thiab stews. UHT mis nyuj yog thawj zaug siv nyob rau hauv 1960.
Cov kauj ruam yooj yim ntawm UHT Pasteurization
- Txau cov mis los yog kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm lub taub hau rau hauv lub chamber uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias hauv qhov siab
- Tom qab kub nce mus txog 140 ° C, cov kua dej txias tam sim ntawd hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev
- Packed nyob rau hauv pre-sterilized ntim
Qhov txawv ntawm HTST thiab UHT Pasteurization Techniques yog dab tsi?
Txheej txheem ntawm HTST thiab UHT Pasturization Techniques:
Kub:
HTST pasteurization: HTST pasteurization muaj qhov kub qis dua. (71.7°C)
UHT pasteurization: UHT pasteurization muaj qhov sib piv siab dua. (140°C)
Duration:
HTST pasteurization: HTST pasteurization siv sijhawm ntev dua nrog piv rau UHT pasteurization.
UHT pasteurization: UHT pasteurization siv sijhawm nkaus xwb.
Shelf-Life:
HTST pasteurization: HTST pasteurization muab lub neej txee qis dua (2-3 lub lis piam)
UHT pasteurization: UHT pasteurization muab lub neej txee ntev dua (2-3 hli)
Damage:
HTST pasteurization: HTST pasteurization ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj tsawg rau cov khoom noj khoom haus.
UHT pasteurization: UHT pasteurization yeej tua feem ntau ntawm nws cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig.
Technique:
HTST pasteurization: HTST pasteurization yog ib qho txheej txheem pasteurization
UHT pasteurization: UHT pasteurization yog txheej txheem pasteurization nrog rau cov txheej txheem kom tsis muaj menyuam.
Xim thiab tsw:
HTST pasteurization: HTST txheej txheem khaws cov xim thiab tsw ntawm cov zaub mov. Nws tsis ua rau Millard browning.
UHT pasteurization: UHT txheej txheem tsis khaws cov xim thiab tsw vim nws ua rau Millar browning.
Protein denaturation:
HTST pasteurization: HTST txheej txheem tsis ua rau cov protein denaturation
UHT pasteurization: UHT pasteurization ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov qauv protein uas ua rau nws elongate.
Sterilization:
HTST pasteurization: HTST pasteurization tua ntau cov kab mob pathogenic, tab sis nws tseem muaj qee cov kab mob uas tsis yog kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua mis lwj
UHT pasteurization: UHT pasteurization tua tag nrho cov kab mob hauv cov mis nyuj.
txheej txheem qhia mis rau cov nroj tsuag:
HTST pasteurization: Hauv HTST, mis nyuj pub rau hauv cov nroj tsuag.
UHT pasteurization: Hauv cov txheej txheem UHT cov mis nyuj yog txau rau hauv lub chamber los ntawm cov nozzles.
