Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Liverworts vs Mosses
Liverworts thiab mosses yog ob lub clades uas yog Phylum Bryophyta, uas suav nrog cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv nyob ze tshaj plaws ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv av; Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ob hom no. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm liverworts thiab mosses yog tias liverworts muaj nplooj ntsuab ntsuab thallus los yog foliose nrog nplooj zoo li cov qauv txuas rau 'stems' whereas mosses muaj me me, leaflike lug teem spirally los yog sib txuas. nyob ib ncig ntawm qia zoo li axis txuas rau lub substrate ntawm rhizoids.
Bryophytes yog thawj cov nroj tsuag ntsuab uas muaj ntau yam tsis tshwj xeeb txawm hais tias lawv tau ua tiav hauv ntau lub ntiaj teb ecosystems. Muaj txog 24,700 hom bryophytes. Bryophytes tseem hu ua nontracheophytes vim lawv tsis muaj tracheid hlwb uas tau yoog rau kev ua dej thiab cov as-ham. Tag nrho lwm cov nroj tsuag ntsuab hu ua tracheophytes. Cov gametophytes ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tuaj yeem photosynthesize thiab pom ntau dua li sporophytes. Sporophytes txuas nrog gametophytes thiab tau txais khoom noj khoom haus los ntawm lawv. Zoo li qee yam tracheophytes, bryophytes xav tau dej rau lawv cov kev sib deev. Yog li, feem ntau ntawm cov tsiaj no feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov av ntub dej. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, qhov sib txawv ntawm liverworts thiab mosses yuav tham luv luv.
Liverworts yog dab tsi?
Liverworts yog cov bryophytes yooj yim nrog nyias, tawv tawv, lawv loj hlob hauv tiaj tus, ntub dej hauv av lossis thaj chaw ntawm cov dej tseem ceeb. Lub cev ntawm feem ntau liverworts tsis muaj tseeb nplooj-stem qauv, yog li nws feem ntau hu ua thallus. Lub thallus feem ntau subdivided rau daim lobes, thiab lub lobe loj yuav txawv ntawm ntau hom. Qee hom muaj 'nplooj' (tsis yog nplooj tiag) txuas rau 'stem' (tsis yog qia tseeb). Cov 'nplooj' no yog ib lub xov tooj tuab thiab tsis muaj lub cev lossis cov hlab ntsha. Cov 'nplooj' feem ntau muab faib ua ob lossis ntau lub lobes thiab muab tso rau hauv ob kab. Qee lub cev nqaij daim tawv tuaj yeem muaj midrib, thiab qee qhov muaj qhov pores los ntawm kev sib pauv roj. Tsis zoo li stomata hauv cov nroj tsuag siab dua, cov pores no tsis tuaj yeem kaw. Qee lub cev tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus lub sijhawm qhuav, tab sis qee qhov raug yoog los tiv thaiv qhov xwm txheej no. Kev sib deev kev sib deev zoo ib yam li mosses. Lub kaus-puab gametangia tshwm sim los ntawm gametophyte. Kev tsim tawm ntawm kev sib deev tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg zoo li lub lens, uas tau tso tawm los ntawm gametophyte.
Mosses yog dab tsi?
Mauxes yog cov bryophytes nyuaj uas muaj cov qauv me me, cov nplooj zoo li txheej txheem spirally los yog sib txuas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qia zoo li lub axis. Txij li cov nplooj zoo li no thiab qia zoo li cov qauv tsis muaj cov ntaub so ntswg uas feem ntau pom hauv cov nroj tsuag vascular, lawv tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog nplooj thiab stems. Mosses muaj rhizoids uas ua raws li cov hauv paus hniav thiab pab kom lawv txuas rau lawv cov substrates. Txhua rhizoid muaj ntau lub hlwb uas nqus dej. Cov nplooj zoo li cov qauv yog ib txheej ntawm tes tuab thiab muaj cov tuab midrib thiab flattened hniav. Mauxes muaj cov hlwb tshwj xeeb hauv nruab nrab ntawm gametophyte axis uas ua dej. Qee cov mosses kuj muaj cov khoom noj khoom haus nyob ib puag ncig cov txheej txheem dej. Lub gametangia ntawm mosses yog multicellular thiab pom ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm gametophytes. Poj niam gametangia (archegonia) tuaj yeem pom ntawm tib tsob nroj nrog txiv neej gametangia (antheridia) lossis cais cov nroj tsuag. Antheridium tsim ntau cov phev, thaum archegonium tsim ib lub qe. Thaum cov phev raug tso tawm, lawv ua luam dej nrog kev pab los ntawm lawv cov flagella thiab ncav cuag archegonia. Tom qab fertilization thiab tsim ntawm zygote, nws muab faib los ntawm mitosis thiab tsim cov sporophyte. Lub sporophyte ntawm mosses yog xim av stalk nrog lub o tuaj rau saum. Cov nplooj gametophyte yog photosynthetic, tab sis sporophyte tsis yog thiab tau txais cov as-ham los ntawm gametophyte.
Qhov txawv ntawm Liverworts thiab Mosses yog dab tsi?
yam ntxwv ntawm Liverworts thiab Mosses:
qauv ntawm gametophyte:
Liverworts: Liverworts muaj nplooj ntsuab ntsuab thallus lossis foliose nrog 'nplooj' (tsis muaj nplooj tiag) txuas rau 'stem' (tsis yog qia tseeb).
Mosses: Mosses muaj cov qauv me me, cov nplooj zoo li txheej txheem spirally los yog sib txuas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qia zoo li axis txuas rau lub substrate ntawm rhizoids.
qauv ntawm sporophyte:
Liverworts: Sporophytes yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub kaus-zoo li poj niam gametophytes.
Mosses: Sporophytes muaj xim av stalk nrog lub o tuaj.
Rhizoids lossis cov qauv hauv paus zoo li:
Liverworts: Liverworts muaj ib qho elongated rau ntawm tes rau qhov txuas rau lawv cov substrate.
Mosses: Mosses muaj ntau lub cellular rhizoids.
Nplooj npaj:
Liverworts: Lawv tau teem ua 2 lossis 3 kab.
Mosses: Mosses muaj kauv lossis lub voj voog ncig ntawm axis.
Image Courtesy: 1. Marchantia polymorpha HC1 By Holger Casselmann (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons 2. “Mosses on a tombstone”. Daim ntawv tso cai raws li CC BY 2.0 ntawm Commons
