Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Cohort vs Case-Control Study
Cov kev tshawb fawb thiab cov ntaub ntawv tswj xyuas yog ob qho ntawm cov qauv siv hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau. Ib tus kws tshawb fawb uas tab tom yuav ua kev tshawb fawb ntawm ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb feem ntau muaj cov hom phiaj tshawb fawb thiab cov lus nug. Raws li cov no, tus kws tshawb fawb xaiv ib qho kev tshawb fawb tsim uas yuav tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev kawm. Kev tshawb fawb pawg yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb tsim uas tus kws tshawb fawb kawm txog ib pawg neeg, los yog hu ua pawg, rau lub sijhawm ntev. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev tshawb fawb txog qhov xwm txheej yog kev tshawb fawb tsim siv los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb uas qhov kev tshawb fawb pib nrog cov txiaj ntsig los nkag siab qhov laj thawj. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev tswj xyuas qhov xwm txheej yog qhov kev tshawb fawb hauv pawg neeg yog qhov kev cia siab thaum txoj kev tshawb fawb txog kev tswj xyuas yog rov qab los. Los ntawm tsab xov xwm no cia peb tshawb xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev kawm sib koom ua ke thiab kev tswj xyuas qhov xwm txheej.
Kev Kawm Cohort yog dab tsi?
Ib pawg yog hais txog ib pawg neeg coob uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev paub uas cov tib neeg tau sib koom xws li raug mob los yog ib lub xyoo tshwj xeeb uas cov tib neeg tau yug los, kawm tiav, thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, cov neeg yug hauv 1991 muaj nyob rau hauv ib pawg neeg txij li thaum lawv qhia cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. nrog rau lwm tus (xyoo yug).
Cov kev tshawb fawb hauv pawg yog siv ntau yam kev qhuab qhia xws li kev kawm txog kev noj qab haus huv mus rau tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev qhuab qhia no, ib pawg yog kawm nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tau txais ib qho kev paub tshwj xeeb uas cov tib neeg tau txais. Ib qho yooj yim, kev tshawb fawb pawg qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Hauv kev qhuab qhia kho mob, kev tshawb fawb sib koom ua ke tso cai rau tus kws tshawb fawb kom nkag siab txog qhov ua rau muaj tus kab mob.
Cia peb nkag siab qhov no los ntawm ib qho piv txwv. Nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tshawb fawb, tus kws tshawb fawb pib kawm ib pawg (xws li poj niam) uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws. Cov tib neeg hauv pawg neeg tuaj yeem lossis tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov kab mob hauv nqe lus nug. Tus kws tshawb fawb tom qab ntawd txheeb xyuas cov neeg muaj tus kab mob thiab cov uas tsis ua thiab kawm ob pawg nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam. Qhov tshwj xeeb hauv kev tshawb fawb hauv pawg yog tias lawv tuaj yeem yog cov kev tshawb fawb ntev uas mus rau lub hlis lossis ntau xyoo. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb sib koom ua ke tau ntev xyoo lawm. Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus kws tshawb fawb tswj hwm kev sib raug zoo nrog pawg neeg. Tam sim no peb muaj kev nkag siab ncaj ncees ntawm kev kawm hauv pawg cia peb mus rau ntu txuas ntxiv.
Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas yog dab tsi?
Txoj kev tswj xyuas qhov xwm txheej yog kev tshawb fawb tsim los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb uas qhov kev tshawb fawb pib nrog qhov tshwm sim txhawm rau nkag siab qhov laj thawj. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yog kev tshawb nrhiav rov qab. Cov kev tshawb fawb no feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev qhuab qhia. Hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev tswj xyuas, muaj ob pawg neeg. Ib tug muaj mob thiab lwm yam uas tsis. Lwm yam tshaj li cov kev tswj hwm no, lwm yam zoo sib xws hauv ob pawg. Tom qab ntawd tus kws tshawb fawb sim txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej uas pom muaj tshwm sim rau thawj pab pawg thiab tsis yog thib ob. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev tswj xyuas yog tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees qhov ua rau, txawm hais tias lawv tuaj yeem nthuav qhia qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam.
Cia peb nkag siab txog qhov kev kawm tswj cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ib qho piv txwv. Xav txog tias tus kws tshawb fawb ua kev tshawb fawb txog ntshav qab zib. Tus kws tshawb fawb thawj zaug txheeb xyuas cov tib neeg los ntawm ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb thiab muab tso rau hauv ob pawg raws li qhov xwm txheej thiab kev tswj hwm. Cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau cov neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib thiab kev tswj hwm xa mus rau cov neeg uas tsis ua. Tom qab ntawd nws ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb uas nws nug cov tib neeg ntawm ob pawg los txheeb xyuas qhov muaj feem yuav tshwm sim.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev kawm sib koom ua ke thiab kev kawm tswj cov ntaub ntawv. Tam sim no cia peb xaus qhov txawv raws li hauv qab no.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Case?
Definition of Cohort and Case-Control Study
Kev Kawm Cohort: Kev tshawb fawb hauv pawg yog kev tshawb fawb tsim uas tus kws tshawb fawb kawm ib pab pawg neeg tseem hu ua pawg rau lub sijhawm ntev dua.
Case-Control Study: Ib qho kev tshawb fawb-tswj yog kev tshawb fawb tsim siv los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb uas qhov kev tshawb fawb pib nrog qhov tshwm sim los nkag siab qhov laj thawj.
Yam ntxwv ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas
Kev Tshawb Fawb
Kev Kawm Cohort: Kev kawm sib koom ua ke yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam.
Case-Control Study: Ib qho kev tshawb fawb-tswj kuj yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam.
Nature
Kev Kawm Cohort: Txoj kev tshawb no yog kev cia siab.
Case-Control Study: Qhov no yog rov qab.
pab pawg
Kev Kawm Cohort: Tus kws tshawb fawb kawm tag nrho pawg neeg tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke raws li kev tswj hwm thiab rooj plaub.
Txoj Cai Tswjfwm Kev Kawm: Kev tswj hwm thiab rooj plaub raug xaiv thaum pib.
Image Courtesy: 1. “Women logo” by Unknown – Women's He alth Initiative [Public Domain] via Wikimedia Commons 2. “PlainingCaseControlSJW“. [CC BY-SA 3.0] via Wikipedia
